Science - Chemistry - 16 General Chemistry - 1 Properties of

materials (P7150100)

1.1 Properties of matter - hardness, colour,

magnetisability, water solubility
Experiment by: properties of matter
Printed: Oct 30, 2014 2:13:11 PM
interTESS (Version 11.10 B193, Export 2000)

Task

Task
How can substances be differentiated? (1)
Investigate the properties of the distributed substances.

Use the space below for your own notes.

Logged in as a teacher you will find a button below for additional information.

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 Material

Material
Material from "TESS Chemistry Set General Chemistry" (Order No. 13300-88)

Position No. Material Order No. Quantity

1 Protective glasses, clear glass 39316-00 1
2 Rubber stopper, d = 22/17 mm, w/o hole 39255-00 5
3 Test tube, 18 180 mm, 10 pcs. 37658-03 (5)
3 Test tube rack 37685-10 1
4 Spatulas, double bladed, l = 150 mm, bent 47560-00 1

4 Bar magnet, l = 72 mm 07823-00 1

5 Circular filter, d = 150 mm, 100 pcs 32977-06 (1)

Chemicals, additional material

Position No. Material Order No. Quantity

Iron powder, tech., 500 g 30067-50

Sodium chloride, 250 g 30155-25

Sulphur, pieces, 500 g 30277-50

Standard sand, coarse, 2500 g 31826-79

Naphthalene white, 250 g 48299-25

Water

Material required for the experiment

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 Setup

Set-up
Hazards
Naphthalene smells on heating and is detrimental to health when swallowed!
Hold the stopper with your thumb when shaking!
Wear protective glasses!

Set-up
See Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

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 Action

Action
Procedure
Shake some iron powder onto the circular filter and test its hardness and its plasticity with the
spatula (Fig. 2).

Fig. 2

Pour a spatulaful of iron powder into a test tube (Fig. 3). Observe it carefully and note its colour.

Fig. 3

Move the magnet up and down the test tube and observe the effect on the iron powder (Fig. 4).

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 Fig. 4

Now fill the test tube half full with water (Fig. 5), close it with a rubber stopper (Fig. 6) and shake
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it vigorously once (Fig. 7). Determine wheather the iron powder sinks (density > 1 g/cm ) or floats
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on the surface (density < 1 g/cm ) or is suspended in the water (density = 1 g/cm ).

Fig. 5 Fig. 6

Fig. 7

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Shake the sealed test tube vigorously and determine whether the iron powder has dissolved, then
repeat the items with sand, sodium chloride, sulphur and naphthalene. Use a new test tube each
time.

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 Evaluation

Evaluation
Question 1:
Note your observations.

Iron powder:

Sand:

Sodium chloride:

Sulphur:

Naphthalene:

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Question 2:
Enter the results in Table 1.

Table 1

Solubility in
Substance Hardness Colour Magnetizability Density
Water
Iron nnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnn

Sand nnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnn

Sodium
nnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnn
Chloride

Sulphur nnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnn

Naphthalene nnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnn

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 Questions and exercises

Questions and exercises

Question 1:
What other properties of the substances could be investigated?

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