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Pb = presin de burbuja
Pr = presin de reservorio
Pr > Pb yacimiento saturado
Pb < Pr yacimiento subsaturado
Subsaturado quiere decir que en la misma formacin ya tengo gas
Cuando la P columna es igual a Pb ya tenemos un flujo multifsico
La Pb tambin puede cambiar
Se entiende por flujo multifsico de tubera al movimiento coexistente
entre lquido (petrleo y agua) y gases libres
El lquido y el gas pueden coexistir como una mezcla homognea o el
lquido puede presentarse en forma de tapones empujados por el gas
Otra posibilidad es que tanto el lquido como el gas fluyan
paralelamente o se presenten en otro modelo de combinacin de flujo
Los lquidos (agua y petrleo) pueden o no estar formando una
emulsin
Flujo Burbuja
Flujo Niebla
Flujo Estratificado
Flujo Ondulado
Se origina a partir del flujo estratificado cuando se rompe la
continuidad de la interfase por ondulaciones en la superficie del
lquido.
Flujo Anular
Flujo Niebla
Volumen.de.lquido.en.un.segmento.de.tubera
HL = <1
Volumen.del.segmento.de.tubera
Volumen.de.gas.en.un.segmento.de.tubera
HG = <1
Volumen.del.segmento.de.tubera
H L + HG = 1
Si L = 1 todo lquido
Si G = 1 todo gas
Velocidad
1. Superficial
De una fase se define como la velocidad a la cual se supone fluye una
sola fase a travs de toda la seccin transversal de la tubera.
qG
Velocidad superficial del gas VSG =
A
qL
Velocidad superficial del lquido VSL =
A
2. Real
Es determinada para el rea real transversal ocupada por el fluido.
qG V V
Velocidad real del gas VG = = SG = SG
A HG HG 1 H L
qL V
Velocidad real del lquido VL = = SL
A HL HL
3. De resbalamiento
Es la diferencia entre las velocidades reales del gas y del lquido.
VS = VG VL
VSG V
VS = SL
1 HL HL
q L qG
Vm = +
A A
q L + qG
Vm =
A
Redefinimos:
VSL VSG
L = G =
Vm Vm
Densidades ( )
Densidad del lquido (petrleo + agua)
L = o fo + w f w
qo 1
fo = =
qo + q w
1 + WOR w
o
GOR = Relacin gas-petrleo ( pcs / BF )
RS = Relacin gas disuelto en petrleo
WOR = Relacin agua-petrleo
qw
fw = 1 fo =
qo + q w
qo qw
L = o + w
qo + q w qo + q w
141.5 o = o 62.4(lbm / pc )
o =
131.5 + API w = w 62.4(lbm / pc )
h = L L + G (1 L )
VSL V
h = L + G SG
Vm Vm
LVSL + GVSG
h =
Vm
Viscosidades ( )
Viscosidad del lquido (oil + water)
L = o fo + w f w
S = ( L ) H ( G ) H
L G
- Sin resbalamiento
n = L L + G G
Tensin superficial ( )
L = o fo + w fw
R
0.83
10 0.00091(T )
PB = 18 S
GCS 10 0.0125( API )
F = RS GCS + 1.25T (T = F )
OCS
API
A=
T + 460
O = 1.12blsy / BF
O = Depende (en cuanto a su clculo) del tipo de yacimiento que se
tiene (ya sea yacimiento saturado o subsaturado)
F = RS GCS + 1.25T (T = F )
OCS
C = Si no hay datos C=0
Para clculos directos de O utilizo la figura 2.4.2.1
a) API 30
O = 1 + 4.677 10 4 RS + 0.1751 10 4 D 1.8106 10 4 RS D
b) API>30
O = 1 + 4.677 10 4 RS + 0.11 10 4 D + 1.337 10 8 RS D
Donde:
D = (T 60) (T = F )
API
80(114.7 psia )
O = Ob Exp(C O (Pb P ))
P VV g h/
1
W F
= + +
h g C h g C h/ h
P VV g h/
0
W F
= + +
L g C h g C L/ L
P
= Gradiente de presin total
L
VV
= Gradiente de la presin debido a la aceleracin
g C h
g h
= Gradiente de la presin debido a la elevacin (posicin)
g C L
WF
= Gradiente de la presin debido a la friccin
L
P P P P
= + +
L TOTAL L AC L POSICIN L FRICCIN
P f V 2
= Para tuberas circulares de constantes
L f 2 g C d
d = Dimetro
V = Velocidad
f = Factor de friccin
= Densidad del fluido
f = f (Nmero de Reynolds, rugosidad) ( NRe , e )
dV
NRe =
1 e 2.51
= 2 log +
f
3.71d NRe f
Para flujo turbulento existen 2 tipos de fricciones:
1. Asociado a tuberas lisas: donde los efectos de la viscosidad
predominan y el factor de friccin depende exclusivamente del NRe
Cuando NRe > 10 5
f = 0.3164(NRe )
0.25
1 d
= 2 log + 1.74
f 2e
P
Ejercicio para el clculo de
h F
Calcular la cada de presin por friccin en un tramo de tubera lisa de
3000ft y = 3.937 in (dimetro interno) donde fluye un fluido con una
gravedad especfica de O = 0.9 y una viscosidad de
O = 0.03095lbm / ft.seg . Si la velocidad media es:
P
a) V = 1.968 ft / seg
h F 1
P
b) V = 9.84 ft / seg
h F 2
Desarrollo:
P fV 2
a) =
h F 1 2 g C d
dV O
NRe =
O
O = O 62.4lbm / ft 3
O = 0.9 62.4 = 56.16lbm / ft 3
3.937
1.968 56.16
NRe = 12 = 1172
0.03095
64 64
f = = = 0.0546
NRe 1172
P 0.0546 56.16 1.968 2
= = 0.5625lbm / ft 2 / ft
h F 1 2 32.174
3.937
12
P psi lbm / in
2
= =
h ft ft
P
(P )F = h = 0.5625lbm / ft / ft
2 1
3000 ft
h F 1 144
(P )F (
= 11.72 psia lbm / in 2 )
P f V 2
b) =
h F 2 2 g C d
dV O
NRe =
O
3.937
9.84 56.16
NRe = 12 = 5858
0.03095
f = 0.0056 + 0.5( NRe )
0.32
f = 0.0056 + 0.5(5858)
0.32
= 0.0367
P 0.0367 56.16 9.84 2
= = 9.453lbm / ft 2 / ft
h F 2 2 32.174
3 .937
12
(P )F = P (h ) = 9.453lbm / ft 2 / ft 1 3000 ft
h F 2 144
(P )F = 196.94 psia
P fV 2
=
h F 2 g C d
O = O 62.4lbm / ft 3
O = 0.642 62.4 = 40.061lbm / ft 3
q 5000bls / dia 1dia 5.615 ft 3
V = = 2
= 1.655 ft / seg
A 0.5 2 86400 seg 1bl
ft
2
dV O
NRe =
O
6
1.655 40.061
NRe = 12 = 32185 transicin
0.00103
1 e 2.51
= 2 log +
f 3.71d NR f
e
Sea f = 0.05
1 0.004 2.51
= 2 log + = 5.6911
f 3.71 32185 0.05
f C = 0.03087
f C f A 1 10 5
0.0193 / 1 10 5
Sea f C = f A = 0.03087
1 0.004 2.51
= 2 log + = 5.6351
f 3.71 32185 0.03087
f C = 0.03149
f C f A 1 10 5
0.00062 / 1 10 5
Sea f C = f A = 0.03149
1 0.004 2.51
= 2 log + = 5.63766
f 3.71 32185 0.03149
f C = 0.03147
f C f A / 1 10 5
0.00002 / 1 10 5
f A = 0.03147
1 0.004 2.51
= 2 log + = 5.63758
f 3.71 32185 0.03147
f = 0.03147
f C f A / 1 10 5
0 1 10 5
P 0.03147 40.061 1.655 2
= = 0.1073lbm / ft 2 / ft
h F 2 32.174 0.5
(P )F = P h = 0.1073lbm / ft 2 / ft 1 5000 ft
h F 144
(P )F = 3.73 psia
Mtodo de Poettmann y Carpenter
Partiendo de la ecuacin de la energa
P P P P
= + +
L TOTAL L AC L POSICIN L FRICCIN
P 1 f (qO M )
2
= ns + ( psia / ft )
h TOTAL 144 7.413 1010 ns d 5
f (qO M )
2
Ejercicio
Caudal producido es de 1000bls/dia con un BSW=30% y un
GOR=300pcs/BF
qO = 700bls / dia
qW = 300bls / dia
Caudal producido 1000bls/da con un BSW=0%
qO = 1000bls / dia
P 1 f (W )
2
=
ns + 5
( psia / ft )
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 ns d
10
Si no se tiene gas (1 L ) G = 0
VSL VSG
L = G = G = 1 L
VSL + VSG VSL + VSG
qL
A = L
q L qG
+
A A
qL
L = A condiciones de escurrimiento
q L + qG
q O (R RS )
G ( ft / seg )
1
VSG =
d / 4
2
86400
ZT
G = 0.0283 T(R) y P(psi)
P
Ejercicio:
Se tiene un pozo vertical de 10000ft de profundidad completado con
1
un tubing de int = 1.995" nom = 2 " y produce un caudal de 150m3/da
4
con un R=200m /m (GOR) y una presin de cabeza de 67.5Kg/cm2.
3 3
1. Z , RS , O , G , O , G
G = 0.65 figura.2.4.10.1(a )
TSC = 374 R
PSC = 669 psia
T 613
TSR = = = 1.64
TSC 374
figura.2.4.10(a ) Z = 0.904
P 974.5
PSR = = = 1.46
PSC 669
Calculo la Pb
YG =
R / 379.4
350 O
=
1122 / 379.4
350 0.85
(
R ft 3 / bl )
R / 379.4 + 1122 / 379.4 +
MO 280
YG = 0.7357
PbYG
figura.2.4.1.1(a ) YG
T
PbYG
= 4 .1
T
4.1 613
Pb = = 3416 psia
0.7357
Ptrab = 974.5 psia
Ptrab < Pb yacimiento.saturado
Pb G 974.5 0.65
= = 1.033
T 613
P
YG figura.2.4.1.1(a ) b G
T RS = 189.7 ft 3 / bl = 33.81m 3 / m 3
YG = 0.32
379.4 350 0.85 0.32
RS = 1
280 1 0.32
O = 0.972 + 0.000147 F 1.175
0.5
F = RS G + 1.25T (T = F )
O O = 1.1188m 3 / m 3 = 1.1188bl / bl
0.5
0.65
F = 189.7 + 1.25(153) = 357
0.85
O = 0.972 + 0.000147(357 )1.175
ZT
G = 0.0283
P G = 0.0161bl / bl
0.904 613
G = 0.0283
974.5
G 0.0764 RS
O 62.4 +
O = 5.614
O
O = 48.91lbm / ft 3
0.65 0.0764 189.7
0.85 62.4 +
O = 5.614
1.1188
P G
G = 2 .7
ZT G = 3.09lbm / ft 3
974.5 0.65
G = 2 .7
0.904 613
P 1 f (W )
2
= ns + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 ns d
10
ns = L L + G G
L = O f O + W f W f O = 1, f W = 0
L = O = 48.91lbm / ft 3
V SL
L =
V SL + V SG
qL q
V SL = = O2 O
A d / 4
0.06126 1.1188
V SL =
0.16625 2 / 4
V SL = 3.16 ft / seg
q G q O (R R S ) G
V SG = = (
RS , R = m 3 / m 3 )
A d 2 / 4
0.06126 (200 33.81) 0.0161
V SG =
0.16625 2 / 4
V SG = 7.55 ft / seg
V m = V SL + V SG
V m = 3.16 + 7.55
V m = 10.71 ft / seg
3.16 ns = 16.84lbm / ft 3
L = = 0.30
3.16 + 7.55
7.55
G = = 0.70
3.16 + 7.55
ns = 0.30 48.91 + 0.70 3.09
M = M O + MW + M G
M = 5.61 62.4 O + 0.0764 R G
M = 5.61 62.4 0.85 + 0.0764 1122 0.65
W = 333310 .25lbm / dia = 3.86lbm / seg
M = 353.27lbm / blo
W = q O M (qO = bls / dia )
W = 943.5 353.27
f figura.4.8 d ns Vm
f = 0.0093
d ns Vm = 0.16625 16.84 10.71 = 29.98
P 1 f (W )
2
= ns + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 ns d
10
P
= 0.1622 psia / ft
P 1 0.0093 (333310.25) 2 h
= 16.84 + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 16.84 (0.16625)
10
P
P5000 ft = h + Pwhf
h
P5000 ft = 0.1622 5000 + 974.5
P5000 ft = 1785.5 psia (tentativa ) P = 1380 psia
Pwhf + P5000 ft
P=
2
974.5 + 1785.5
P=
2
T fondo Tsup
T5000 ft = Tsup + hrequerida
htotal
700 613
T5000 ft = 613 + 5000
10000
T5000 ft = 656.5 R T = 634.75 R = 174.75 F
TC + T5000 ft
T=
2
613 + 656.5
T=
2
1. Z , RS , O , G , O , G
T 634.75
TSR = = = 1.7
TSC 374
figura.2.4.10(a ) Z = 0.8
P 1380
PSR = = = 2.062
PSC 669
P 1 f (W )
2
=
ns + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 ns d
10
ns = L L + G G
L = O f O + W f W f O = 1, f W = 0
L = O = 47.52lbm / ft 3
VSL
L =
VSL + VSG
qL q
VSL = = O2 O
A d / 4
0.06126 1.1662
VSL =
0.16625 2 / 4
VSL = 3.29 ft / seg
qG qO (R RS ) G
VSG = = (RS , R = m 3 / m 3 )
A d / 4
2
L =
3.29
= 0.42 ns = 22.73lbm / ft 3
3.29 + 4.46
4.46
G = = 0.58
3.29 + 4.46
ns = 0.42 47.52 + 0.58 4.77
W = qO M (qO = bls / dia )
W = 333310 .25lbm / dia = 3.86lbm / seg
W = 943.5 353.27
f figura.4.8 d ns Vm
f = 0.0093
d ns Vm = 0.16625 22.73 7.75 = 29.29
P 1 f (W )
2
= ns +
h TOTAL 144 7.413 1010 ns d 5 P
= 0.1914 psia / ft
P 1 0.0093 (333310.25)
2
h
= 22.73 + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 1010 22.73 (0.16625)
P
P5000 ft = h + Pwhf
h
P5000 ft = 0.1914 5000 + 974.5
P5000 ft = 1931.5 psia (real )
P10000 ft = 0.1914 5000 + 1931.5 P 2 = 2410 psia
P10000 ft = 2888.5 psia(tentativa )
Pwhf + P10000 ft
P2 =
2
1931.5 + 2888.5
P2 =
2
T5000 ft + TF
T=
2 T = 678.25 R = 218.25 F
656.5 + 700
T=
2
1. Z , RS , O , G , O , G
T 678.25
TSR = = = 1.81
TSC 374
figura.2.4.10(a ) Z = 0.8
P 2410
PSR = = = 3.60
PSC 669
P 1 f (W )
2
=
ns + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 ns d
10
ns = L L + G G
L = O f O + W f W f O = 1, f W = 0
L = O = 44.40lbm / ft 3
VSL
L =
VSL + VSG
qL q
VSL = = O2 O
A d / 4
0.06126 1.2888
VSL =
0.16625 2 / 4
VSL = 3.64 ft / seg
qG qO (R RS ) G
VSG =
A
=
d / 4
2
(
RS , R = m 3 / m 3 )
0.06126 (200 84.35) 0.0064
VSG =
0.16625 2 / 4
VSG = 2.09 ft / seg
Vm = VSL + VSG
Vm = 3.64 + 2.09
Vm = 5.73 ft / seg
3.64
L = = 0.64
3.64 + 2.09
2.09
G = = 0.36 ns = 31.22lbm / ft 3
3.64 + 2.09
ns = 0.64 44.40 + 0.36 7.79
W = qO M (qO = bls / dia )
W = 333310 .25lbm / dia = 3.86lbm / seg
W = 943.5 353.27
f figura.4.8 d ns Vm
f = 0.0093
d ns Vm = 0.16625 31.22 5.73 = 29.74
P 1 f (W )
2
= ns + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 ns d
10
P
= 0.2412 psia / ft
P 1 0.0093 (333310.25)
2
h
= 31 .22 + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 31.22 (0.16625)
10
P
Pfw = h + P5000 ft
h
Pfw = 0.2412 5000 + 1931.5
- YG =
R / 379.4
350 O
R ft 3 / bl( )
R / 379.4 +
MO
PbYG
figura.2.4.1.1(a ) YG
- T
Ptrab < Pb yacimiento.saturado
Pb G
- YG figura.2.4.1.1(a )
T
O = 0.972 + 0.000147 F 1.175
ZT
-
0.5
G = 0.0283
F = RS G + 1.25T (T = F ) P
O
G 0.0764 RS
O 62.4 + P G
- O = 5.614 G = 2.7
O ZT
P 1 f (W )
2
- = ns + 5
h TOTAL 144 7.413 10 ns d
10
ns = L L + G G
- L = O f O + W f W
VSL
L =
VSL + VSG
qL q
VSL = = O2 O
A d / 4
qG qO (R RS ) G
- VSG = = (RS , R = m 3 / m 3 )
A d / 4
2
Vm = VSL + VSG
M = M O + MW + M G
- M = 5.61 62.4 O + 0.0764 R G
W = qO M (qO = bls / dia )
- f figura.4.8 d ns Vm
P
PX . ft = h + Pwhf
h
-
Pwhf + PX . ft
P=
2
T fondo Tsup
T X . ft = Tsup + hrequerida
htotal
-
TC + T X . ft
T=
2
1lb = 5.61 ft 3
1m 3 = 6.29bls
1m = 3.28 ft
1kg / cm 2 = 14.22 psia
1dia = 86400 seg
Mtodo de Hogardon-Brown
Se parte de la ecuacin general de la energa para llegar a la
siguiente ecuacin:
P
=
1
+
f qL M 2
2
+
(
Vm 2 / 2 g C )
h 144 2.9652 1011 d 5 h
P
=
1
+
f W 2
+
(
Vm 2 / 2 g C )
h 144 2.9652 1011 d 5 h
P P P P
= + +
h TOTAL h DENSIDAD h FRICCIN h ACELERACIN
P
= = L H L + G (1 H L )
h DENSIDAD
= L H L + G H G
L = O f O + W (1 f O )
Nmeros Adimensionales
- Nmero de la velocidad del lquido
N D = 120.872 d L / L
- Nmero de la viscosidad del lquido
1
N L = 0.15726 L 4
L L 3
(
1. Calcular NVG N L
0.38
)/ N D
2.14
HL
HL =
P f qL M 2
2
=
h FRICCIN 2.9652 10 d
11 5
f diagrama.de.Moody ( NRe , / d )
qL M W
NRe = 2.2 10 2 =
d L
HL
G HG
d L
HL
G (1 H L )
M = M O + MW + M G
1 f R
M = 5.615 62.4 + 5.615 62.4 W WO + 0.0764 G
1 + f WO 1 + f WO 1 + f WO
1 + f WO = f O
P
=
(
Vm / 2 g C 2
)
h ACELERACIN h
Ejercicio:
Calcular la Pwf del siguiente pozo, realizarlo en dos tramos
( ) (
qO = 150m 3 / dia (1dia / 84600 seg ) 6.29bls / 1m 3 5.61 ft 3 / 1bl )
qO = 0.01092bls / seg = 0.06126 ft 3 / seg
BSW = 0%
R = 200m 3 / m 3 5.61 = 1122 ft 3 / bl
= 1.995"1 / 12 = 0.16625 ft
Pwhf = 67.5kg / cm 2 14.22 + 14.7 = 974.5 psia
TC = 153 F + 460 = 613 R
TF = 240 F + 460 = 700 R
G = 0.65
O = 0.85
= 0.00015 ft
h = 10000 ft
Pwf = ?
G = 0.65 figura.2.4.10.1(a )
TSC = 374 R
PSC = 669 psia
T 613
TSR = = = 1.64
TSC 374
figura.2.4.10(a ) Z = 0.904
P 974.5
PSR = = = 1.46
PSC 669
141.5
O =
131.5 + API
0.85(131.5 + API ) = 141.5
API = 34.97 35 API
379.4 350 OCS YG
RS = C
MO 1 YG
M O figura.2.4.1.1(b ) API
M O = 280
Pb G 974.5 0.65
= = 1.033
T 613
P
YG figura.2.4.1.1(a ) b G
T
YG = 0.32
379.4 350 0.85 0.32 RS = 189.7 ft 3 / bl = 33.81m 3 / m 3
RS = 1
280 1 0.32
O = 0.972 + 0.000147 F 1.175
0.5
F = RS G + 1.25T (T = F )
O O = 1.1188m 3 / m 3 = 1.1188bl / bl
0.5
0.65
F = 189.7 + 1.25(153) = 357
0.85
O = 0.972 + 0.000147(357 )1.175
ZT
G = 0.0283
P G = 0.0161bl / bl
0.904 613
G = 0.0283
974.5
G 0.0764 RS
O 62.4 +
O = 5.614
O
O = 48.91lbm / ft 3
0.65 0.0764 189.7
0.85 62.4 +
O = 5.614
1.1188
P G
G = 2 .7
ZT
G = 3.09lbm / ft 3 = 0.0495 gr / cm 3
974.5 0.65
G = 2 .7 / 62.4
0.904 613
OD (T ) figura.2.4.11.1(a ) API T ( F )
OD (T ) = 2.5cp
O figura.2.4.11.1(b ) OD (T ) RS ( ft 3 / bl ) O = 1.5cp
O = 1.5cp
% BSW = 0% L = O = 1.5cp
M G = G 28.97
M G = 0.65 28.97 = 18.83lbm / bl
(9.4 + 0.02M G )T 1.5
K=
209 + 19 M G + T
K=
(9.4 + 0.02 18.83)6131.5= 125.77
209 + 19 18.83 + 613
986
x = 3.5 + + 0.001M G
T
986
x = 3.5 + + 0.001 18.83 = 5.127
613
y = 2 .4 0 .2 x
y = 2 . 4 0 . 2 5 . 127 = 1 . 375
G = 0.0137cp
G = K 10 4 e x G
y
(
G gr / cm 3 )
G = 125 . 77 10 4 e 5 .127 0 .0495
1 . 375
OD (T ) figura.1.15 API
OD (T ) = 28.5dinas / cm
L = OD (T ) w
L = 13.68dinas / cm
w figura.1.16 Pwhf
w = 0.48
L = 28.5 0.48
qL q
VSL = = O2 O
A d / 4 VSL = 3.16 ft / seg
0.06126 1.1188
VSL =
0.16625 2 / 4
qG qO (R RS ) G
VSG = = (
RS , R = m 3 / m 3 )
A d / 4
2
VSG = 7.55 ft / seg
0.06126 (200 33.81) 0.0161
VSG =
0.16625 2 / 4
Vm = VSL + VSG
Vm = 10.71 ft / seg
Vm = 3.16 + 7.55
M = M O + MW + M G
M = 5.61 62.4 O + 0.0764 R G
M = 5.61 62.4 0.85 + 0.0764 1122 0.65
W = 333310 .25lbm / dia = 3.86lbm / seg
M = 353.27lbm / blo
W = q O M (qO = bls / dia )
W = 943.5 353.27
Nmeros adimensionales
NV L = 1.938 VSL 4 L / L = 1.938 3.16 4 48.91 / 13.68
NV L = 8.42
NVG = 1.938 VSG 4 L / L = 1.938 7.55 4 48.91 / 13.68
NVG = 20.12
N D = 120.872 d L / L = 120.872 0.16625 48.91 / 13.68
N D = 38
1 1
N L = 0.15726 L 4 = 0.15726 1.5 4
L L 3
48.91 13.68 3
N L = 0.0125
CN L figura.4.12 N L
CN L = 0.0025
(
figura.4.12 NVG N L 0.38 / N D 2.14 )
(NV G NL
0.38
)/ N D
2.14
( )
= 20.12 0.0125 0.38 / 38 2.14 = 0.00158
=1
HL
figura.4.13 NV L / NVG ( 0.575
)(P / P
atm )0.1 (CN L / N D )
(NV )(P / P
0.1
8.42 974.5 0.0025
atm ) (CN L / N D ) =
4
0.575 = 1.5 10
0.575 0.1
L / NVG
20.12 14.7 38
HL
= 0.365
HL
HL =
H L = 0.365
H L = 0.365 1
HG = 1 HL
H G = 0.635
H G = 1 0.365
f diagrama.de.Moody NRe / d
W
NRe = 2.2 10 2
d L G H
HL G
333310.25
NRe = 2.2 10 2 f = 0.019
0.16625 1.5 0.365 0.0137 0.635
NRe = 5.8 10 5
0.00015
= = 9.02 10 4
d 0.16625
P
= = L H L + G (1 H L )
h P
= 19.81
P h
= 48.91 0.365 + 3.09 0.635
h
P f W 2
=
h f 2.9652 10 d P
11 5
= 2.83
P 0.019 333310.25 2 h f
=
h f 2.9652 10 0.16625 19.81
11 5
P
=
(
Vm / 2 g C 2
)
h a h P
= 0.0071
P
=
(
19.81 10.712 / 2 32.174 ) h a
h a 5000
P 1 P P P
= + +
h TOTAL 144 h h f h a P
= 0.157 psia / ft
P h
=
1
[19.81 + 2.83 + 0.0071]
h TOTAL 144
P
P5000 ft = h + Pwhf
h
P5000 ft = 0.157 5000 + 974.5
P5000 ft = 1759.5 psia(tentativa ) P = 1367 psia
Pwhf + P5000 ft
P=
2
974.5 + 1759.5
P=
2
T fondo Tsup
T5000 ft = Tsup + hrequerida
htotal
700 613
T5000 ft = 613 + 5000
10000
T5000 ft = 656.5 R T = 634.75 R = 174.75 F
TC + T5000 ft
T=
2
613 + 656.5
T=
2
T 634.75
TSR = = = 1 .7
TSC 374
figura.2.4.10(a ) Z = 0.8
P 1367
PSR = = = 2.043
PSC 669
K=
(9.4 + 0.02 18.83)634.751.5
= 130.13
209 + 19 18.83 + 634.75
986
x = 3.5 + + 0.001M G G = 0.015cp
T
986
x = 3.5 + + 0.001 18.83 = 5.072
634.75
y = 2.4 0.2 x
y = 2.4 0.2 5.072 = 1.386
G = K 10 4 e x G
y
(
G gr / cm 3 )
G = 130.13 10 4 e 5.0720.0756
11.386
OD (T ) figura.1.15 API
OD (T ) = 28.5dinas / cm
L = OD (T ) w
L = 10.83dinas / cm
w figura.1.16 Pwhf
w = 0.38
L = 28.5 0.38
qL q
VSL = = O2 O
A d / 4 VSL = 3.29 ft / seg
0.06126 1.1662
VSL =
0.16625 2 / 4
qG qO (R RS ) G
VSG = = (RS , R = m 3 / m 3 )
A d / 4
2
VSG = 4.51 ft / seg
0.06126 (200 47.90 ) 0.0105
VSG =
0.16625 2 / 4
Vm = VSL + VSG
Vm = 7.8 ft / seg
Vm = 3..29 + 4.51
M = M O + MW + M G
M = 5.61 62.4 O + 0.0764 R G
M = 5.61 62.4 0.85 + 0.0764 1122 0.65
W = 333310 .25lbm / dia = 3.86lbm / seg
M = 353.27lbm / blo
W = qO M (qO = bls / dia )
W = 943.5 353.27
Nmeros adimensionales
NVL = 1.938 VSL 4 L / L = 1.938 3.29 4 47.52 / 10.83
NVL = 9.23
NVG = 1.938 VSG 4 L / L = 1.938 4.51 4 47.52 / 10.83
NVG = 12.65
N D = 120.872 d L / L = 120.872 0.16625 47.52 / 10.83
N D = 42.1
1 1
N L = 0.15726 L 4 = 0.15726 1.1 4
L L 3
47.52 10.833
N L = 0.011
CN L figura.4.12 N L
CN L = 0.0024
(
figura.4.12 NVG N L 0.38 / N D 2.14 )
(NV G NL
0.38
)/ N D
2.14
( )
= 12.65 0.0110.38 / 42.12.14 = 0.000761
=1
HL
figura.4.13 NV L / NVG ( 0.575
)(P / Patm )0.1 (CN L / N D )
(NV )(P / P
0.1
9.23 1367 0.0024
atm ) (CN L / N D ) =
4
0.575 = 1.9 10
0.575 0.1
L / NVG
12.65 14.7 42.1
HL
= 0.3
HL
HL =
H L = 0.3
H L = 0.3 1
HG = 1 HL
H G = 0.7
H G = 1 0.3
f diagrama.de.Moody NRe / d
W
NRe = 2.2 10 2
d L G H
HL G
333310.25
NRe = 2.2 10 2 f = 0.019
0.16625 1.10.3 0.015 0.7
NRe = 8.1 10 5
0.00015
= = 9.02 10 4
d 0.16625
P
= = L H L + G (1 H L )
h P
= 17.56
P h
= 47.52 0.3 + 4.72 0.7
h
P f W 2
=
h f 2.9652 10 d P
11 5
= 3.19
P 0.019 333310.25 2 h f
=
h f 2.9652 10 0.16625 17.56
11 5
P
=
Vm / 2 g C( 2
)
h a h P
= 0.0033
P
=
(
17.56 7.8 2 / 2 32.174 ) h a
h a 5000
P 1 P P P
= + +
h TOTAL 144 h h f h a P
= 0.144 psia / ft
P h
=
1
[17.56 + 3.19 + 0.0033]
h TOTAL 144
P
P5000 ft = h + Pwhf
h
P5000 ft = 0.144 5000 + 974.5
P5000 ft = 1694.5 psia (real )
P10000 ft = 0.144 5000 + 1694.5 P 2 = 2054.5 psia
P10000 ft = 2414.5 psia (tentativa )
Pwhf + P10000 ft
P2 =
2
1694.5 + 2414.5
P2 =
2
T5000 ft + TF
T=
2 T = 678.25 R = 218.25 F
656.5 + 700
T=
2
T 678.25
TSR = = = 1.81
TSC 374
figura.2.4.10(a ) Z = 0.88
P 2054.5
PSR = = = 3.07
PSC 669
K=
(9.4 + 0.02 18.83)678.251.5= 138.71
209 + 19 18.83 + 678.25
986
x = 3.5 + + 0.001M G G = 0.0167cp
T
986
x = 3.5 + + 0.001 18.83 = 4.97
678.25
y = 2.4 0.2 x
y = 2.4 0.2 4.97 = 1.406
G = K 10 4 e x G
y
(
G gr / cm 3 )
G = 138.71 10 4 e 4.970.0968
1.406
OD (T ) figura.1.15 API
OD (T ) = 28.5dinas / cm
L = OD (T ) w
w figura.1.16 Pwhf w figura.1.16 Pwhf
w = 0.25
L = 28.5 0.25 L = 7.125dinas / cm
qL q
VSL = = O2 O
A d / 4 VSL = 3.52 ft / seg
0.06126 1.249
VSL =
0.16625 2 / 4
qG qO (R RS ) G
VSG = = (RS , R = m 3 / m 3 )
A d / 4
2
VSG = 3.03 ft / seg
0.06126 (200 69.04 ) 0.0082
VSG =
0.16625 2 / 4
Vm = VSL + VSG
Vm = 6.55 ft / seg
Vm = 3.52 + 3.03
M = M O + MW + M G
M = 5.61 62.4 O + 0.0764 R G
M = 5.61 62.4 0.85 + 0.0764 1122 0.65
W = 333310 .25lbm / dia = 3.86lbm / seg
M = 353.27lbm / blo
W = q O M (qO = bls / dia )
W = 943.5 353.27
Nmeros adimensionales
NVL = 1.938 VSL 4 L / L = 1.938 3.52 4 45.21 / 7.125
NVL = 10.83
NVG = 1.938 VSG 4 L / L = 1.938 3.03 4 45.21 / 7.125
NVG = 9.32
N D = 120.872 d L / L = 120.872 0.16625 45.21 / 7.125
N D = 50.62
1 1
N L = 0.15726 L 4 = 0.15726 0.63 4
L L 3
45.21 7.125 3
N L = 0.0088
CN L figura.4.12 N L
CN L = 0.0024
(
figura.4.12 NVG N L 0.38 / N D 2.14 )
(NV G NL
0.38
)/ N D
2.14
( )
= 9.32 0.0088 0.38 / 50.62 2.14 = 0.000348
=1
HL
(NV )(P / P
0.1
10.83 2054.5 0.0024
atm ) (CN L / N D ) =
4
= 2.33 10
0.575 0.1
L / NVG 0.575
9.32 14.7 50.62
HL
= 0.28
HL
HL =
H L = 0.28
H L = 0.28 1
HG = 1 HL
H G = 0.72
H G = 1 0.28
f diagrama.de.Moody NRe / d
W
NRe = 2.2 10 2
d L G H
HL G
333310.25
NRe = 2.2 10 2 f = 0.0225
0.16625 0.630.28 0.0167 0.72
NRe = 9.6 10 5
0.00015
= = 9.02 10 4
d 0.16625
P
= = L H L + G (1 H L )
h P
= 17
P h
= 45.21 0.28 + 6.04 0.72
h
P f W 2
=
h f 2.9652 10 d P
11 5
= 3.90
P 0.0225 333310.25 2 h f
=
h f 2.9652 10 0.16625 17
11 5
P
=
(
Vm / 2 g C2
)
h a h P
= 0.0023
P
=
(
17 6.55 2 / 2 32.174 ) h a
h a 5000
P 1 P P P
= + +
h TOTAL 144 h h f h a P
= 0.1452 psia / ft
P h
=
1
[17 + 3.90 + 0.0023]
h TOTAL 144
P
Pfw = h + P5000 ft
h
Pfw = 0.1452 5000 + 1694.5
Pb G
- YG figura.2.4.1.1(a )
T
O = 0.972 + 0.000147 F 1.175
ZT
-
0.5
G = 0.0283
F = RS G + 1.25T (T = F ) P
O
G 0.0764 RS
O 62.4 + P G
- O = 5.614 G = 2.7
O ZT
- OD (T ) figura.2.4.11.1(a ) API T ( F )
O figura.2.4.11.1(b ) OD (T ) RS ( ft 3 / bl )
-
% BSW = 0% L = O
- G = K 10 4 e xG G gr / cm3
y
( )
(9.4 + 0.02M G )T 1.5
K=
- 209 + 19 M G + T
M G = G 28.97
986
x = 3.5 + + 0.001M G
- T
y = 2.4 0.2 x
- OD (T ) figura.1.15 API
L = OD (T ) w
-
w figura.1.16 Pwhf w figura.1.16 Pwhf
qL q
VSL = = O2 O
A d / 4
qG qO (R RS ) G
- VSG = = (RS , R = m 3 / m 3 )
A d / 4
2
Vm = VSL + VSG
M = M O + MW + M G
- M = 5.61 62.4 O + 0.0764 R G
W = qO M (qO = bls / dia )
Nmeros adimensionales
NVL = 1.938 VSL 4 L / L
NVG = 1.938 VSG 4 L / L
- N D = 120.872 d L / L
1
N L = 0.15726 L 4
L L 3
- CN L figura.4.12 N L
-
HL
figura.4.13 NV L / NVG( )(P / P
0.575
atm )0.1 (CN L / N D )
HL
HL =
-
HG = 1 H L
f diagrama.de.Moody NRe / d
- W
NRe = 2.2 10 2
d L G H
HL G
P
- = = L H L + G (1 H L )
h
P f W 2
- =
h f 2.9652 10 d
11 5
P
- =
(
Vm / 2 g C
2
)
h a h
P 1 P P P
- = + +
h TOTAL 144 h h f h a
P
- Pfw = h + P5000 ft
h
Curvas IPR Anlisis Nodal
IP: J
q f
IP : J = PR = Presin de reservorio promedia
PR Pwf
q bls / dia qO + q/ 0 W
IP J = = = = caudal
PR Pwf psi PR Pwf
Caudal.total.del.lquido
IP J =
PR Pwf
BSW = 0% BSW = 10% BSW = 50%
q f = 1000bls / dia q f = 1000bls / dia q f = 1000bls / dia
PR = 3200 psi PR = 3200 psi PR = 3200 psi
Pwf = 2800 psi Pwf = 2800 psi Pwf = 2400 psi
1000 900 + 100 500 + 500
IP = IP = IP =
3200 2800 3200 2800 3200 2400
bls / dia bls / dia bls / dia
IP = 2.5 IP = 2.5 IP = 1.66
psi psi psi
1000 bls / dia
0% = IP = = 2.5
400 psi
1200 bls / dia
0% = IP = =6
3200 3000 psi
1000 bls / dia
50% = IP = = 1.66
600 psi
qO + qW
ndice de Productividad PI J =
PR Pwf