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COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK
CY8151 / ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
UNIT I WATER TECHNOLOGY
PART A
1. What are boiler compounds? Give an example with their action. (May 2001)
The chemicals added inside the boilers to remove scale forming substances are
called boilers compounds. Examples : Sodium carbonate and sodium phosphate.
CaSO 4 + Na2 CO3 -------- CaCO 3 + Na2 SO4
3CaSO 4 +2Na3 PO 4 ------- Ca3 (PO 4)2 + 3Na2 SO4
12. What is desalination? Name any four methods of converting sea water into fresh water.
The process of removing common salt from the sea water is known as desalination. The
water containing dissolved salts with a peculiar salty or brackish taste is called brackish
water. The various desalination process are (a) distillation, (b)freezing, (c) reverse osmosis
and(d)electrodialysis
13. What is meant by boiler corrosion? How do you prevent it?
Boiler corrosion is due to the presence of dissolved gases such as O2, CO2 and the salts
like MgCl2. Mechanical deaeration is a method used to remove dissolved gases such as O2
and CO2. The principles involved in this process are the solubility of a gas is directly
proportional to pressure and inversely proportional to temperature.
15. Soft water is not demineralised water whereas demineralised water is soft water justify.
Softening involes removal of only hardness causing ions whereas demineralization involves
removal of all the ions present in water. Hence, the above statement is justified.
18. Name some of the membranes employed in reverse osmosis process. State the advantages
of this process.
Membranes : Cellulose acetate, Cellulose butyrate.
Advantages: 1. It removes ionic, non ionic and colloidal impurides. 2. The water obtained can
be used for high pressure boiler
PART-B
1. Discuss the principle & method involved in the determination of different types and
amount of alkalinity of water.
2. What are boiler feed water? Explain their troubles.
3. Write a short note on Treatment of water for domestic supply.
4. Explain about the estimation of hardness by EDTA method.
5. Write a short note on Demineralisation process.
6. Write a short note on Internal conditioning.
Unit II Surface Chemistry
1. Define adsorption.
The process of concentration of molecules of a gas or liquids at a solid surface is called
adsorption. The adsorption of a gas on a solid is sometimes called occlusion.
2. What is Sorption?
Sorption is the process in which both adsorption and absorption takes place
simultaneously.
3. What is chemisorption? Give an example.
Chemisorption is the one in which the adsorbed molecules are held on the surfaces of the
adsorbent by chemical bonds. Example: Adsorption of H2 on Ni.
4. What is Physisorption? Give an example.
Physisorption is the one in which the adsorbed molecules are held on the surfaces of the
adsorbent by weak physical or vanderwaal forces of attraction. Example: Adsorption of
H2 or O 2 on charcoal.
5. What is Freundlichs adsorption isotherm?
The relationship between the magnitude of adsorption (x/m) and pressure (p) can be
expressed mathematically by an equation known as Freundlichs adsorption isotherm.
x/m = KP 1/n
6. What is Langmuir adsorption isotherm? How it is mathematically represented?
The relationship between the amount of gas adsorbed to the pressure of the gas at
constant temperature is known as Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
PART-B
1. Derive Freundlichs adsorption isotherm. Give the conditions in which it fails.
2. Explain the role of adsorption in catalysis? Give examples.
3. Distinguish between Physisorption and Chemisorption.
4. Discuss the role of adsorbents in pollution abatement.
5. Derive Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
6. Discuss the role of activated carbon in abatement of air pollution and waste water
treatment.
7. Derive the kinetic equation of Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism.
8. Explain the contact theory of catalysis.
Unit III Alloys and Phase rule
Part A
1. Define an Alloy (or) What are alloys?
An alloy is defined as homogeneous solid solution of two or more different elements,
one of which at least is essentially a metal.
3. Heat treatment is defined as, the process of heating and cooling of solid steel article
under carefully controlled conditions.
4. Name some important heat treatment process.
The main heat-treatment processes are
1. Annealing
2. Hardening
3. Tempering
4. Normalizing
5. Carburizing
6. Nitriding
5. What is meant by quenching in heat treatment of metals?
It is the process of heating the steel beyond the critical temperature and then suddenly
cooling it either in oil or brine-water or some other fluid.
6. What is Tempering?
It is the process of heating the already hardened steel to a temperature lower than its own
hardening temperature and then cooling it slowly.
7. What is annealing? Explain its types.
Annealing means softening. This is done by heating the metal to high temperature,
followed by slow cooling in a furnace.
Annealing can be done in two ways
(i) Low temperature annealing (or) process annealing
(ii) High temperature annealing (or) full annealing
PART A
1. Define fuel.
Substance which gives out heat on combustion is called fuel. The main constituent of
fuel is carbon.
2. How do we classify fuel?
Fuels can be classified into two main categories: Primary and Secondary.
Primary Fuels:Fuels obtained from natural source (eg: coal)
Secondary Fuels: Fuels derived from primary fuels. (eg: coke)
3. What is coalifications or Metamorphism of coal.
The process of conversion or alteration of vegetable matter
to anthracite Is called coalification or Metamorphism of
coal.
4. What are the different varieties of coal? (Or) Write briefly on ranking of coal.
Wood Peat - Lignite - Bituminous coal - Anthracite.
5. Name the various determinations of Proximate analysis.
It involves the determination of percentage of (i)Moisture content, (ii)Volatile matter,
(iii)Ash content and fixed carbon in coal.
6. What is meant by the term Fixed Carbon?
It is the pure non-volatile, carbon content present in the coal. Higher the percentage of
fixed carbon greater is its calorific value.
7. What is Carbonisation of coal or What is Metallurgical coke?
If coal sample is heated at high temperature in the absence of air, large quantity of
volatile matter is removed, thus creating pores in the coal. This process is known as
Carbonisation.
8. Differentiate between coal and coke. or How is coke superior to coal.
Coal Coke
It is a primary fuel It is a secondary fuel
It burns with heavy smoke It burns easily with little smoke
It has high volatile content It has negligible volatile content
It has no porosity It has high porosity due to preheating
9. What is the drawback of presence of sulphur in the coal.
1. The combustion products of sulphur, i.e., SO 2 and SO 3 are harmful and have corrosion
effects on equipments. 2. The coal containing sulphur is not suitable for the
preparation of metallurgical coke as it affects the properties of the metal.
10. Define calorific value.
Calorific value is defined as the amount of heat liberated after burning unit mass of fuel
completely. It is usually expressed in calories.
21. How will you improve the anti-knocking characteristics of diesel? (A.U.Dec.2006)
Anti-knocking characteristics of diesel can be improved by increasing n- cetane value
of the fuel.
Cetane value can be increased by adding dopes like ethyl nitrate, iso-amyl nitrate.
25. Why is coke used in metallurgical process than coal? (A.U. Dec.2007)
(i)Percentage of fixed carbon in coke is more, (ii)The moisture, ash, sulphur contents are
very low and (iii)The mechanical strength, calorific value is high.
27. Define Cetane number or Cetane rating of a diesel oil. How can it be improved?
Cetane number is defined as the percentage of cetane present in a mixture of cetane
and @-methyl naphthalene.
The cetane number of a diesel oil can be improved by adding dopes like ethyl nitrate.
28. What is producer gas and water gas? (A.U. Jun.2006)
Producer gas is a mixture of CO and N 2 with small amount of H2 .
Water gas is a mixture of CO and H2 with small amount of N 2.
PART-B
1. Explain the manufacture of metallurgical coke by Otto-Hoffman method and the recovery
of various by products.
2. How synthetic petrol is obtained by Bergius and Fischer-Tropsch method.
3. With a neat diagram, describe the manufacture of water gas.
4. What is producer gas? How is it manufactured?
5. Describe the proximate and ultimate analysis of coal and their significance.
6. What is cracking? How is it useful of the preparation of synthetic petrol?
7. What are the good characteristics of good metallurgical coke?
8. What is crude oil? What are the various fractions obtained by fractional distillation of
crude oil? Mention the compositions & uses.
9. How is biodiesel manufactured?
10. How is power alcohol manufactured?
UNIT V ENERGY SOURCES AND STORAGE DEVICES
PART A
4. Mention four differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fussion reaction.
S.N
o. Nuclear fission Nuclear fussion
1. It is the process of breaking a It is the process of combination of
heavier nucleus. higher nuclei.
2. It emits radioactive rays. It does not emit any kind of
radioactive rays.
It occurs at high temperature
3. It occurs at ordinary temperature (>106 K)
It does not give rise to chain
4. It gives rise to chain reaction reaction
11. What are primary and secondary battery? Give examples.(A.U. June 2006)
In primary battery, the electrode and the electrode reactions cannot be reversed by
passing an external electrical energy. The reaction occurs only once and after used they
become dead. Therefore, they are not chargeable. Eg:- Dry cell, Mercury cell.
In secondary battery, the electrode and the electrode reactions can be reversed by passing
an external electrical energy. Therefore, they can be recharged by passing electric current
and used again and again. Eg:- Lead acid storage cell, Nickel - cadmium cell.
12. What are the advantages of alkaline battery over dry battery?(A.U. Feb 2010)
(i)Zinc does not dissolved readily in a basic medium, (ii) The life of alkaline battery is longer
than the dry battery, because there is no corrosion on Zn and (iii)Alkaline battery maintains
its Voltage, as the current is drawn from it
PART-B
15.a)i) Describe the construction of Ni-Cd battery. What are the cell reactions and uses..(8)
ii) Describe the working of an photogalvanic cell
Or
b) i)Write a brief note on Breeder reactor.(8).
ii) What is fuel cell. Describe the consruction and working of H2 -O 2 fuel cell.(8)
P.B.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MODEL QUESTION PAPER -III
ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(Common to All)
Year/Sem : I/I Time:3Hrs
Subject Code:CY8151 Ma x.Marks :100
Answer all questions
Part A(10 x 2 =20)
1. Define Hardness of Water.
2. What is calgon conditioning? How is it functioning in water treatment?
3. What is Chemisorption? Give an example.
4. What is the role of adsorbent in catalysis?
5. What is Heat treatment of alloy?
6. State phase rule and explain the terms involved.
7. How is coke superior to coal?
8. What is mean by calorific value of fuel?
9. Define Nuclear Fission. Give an example.
10. What are primary cells?
Part B (5 x 16 = 80 Marks)
11. (a) Discuss the disadvantage of using hard water in boiler.(16)
(or)
(b) (i) Explain how demineralization of water is done in water technology?(8)
(ii) Describe the reverse osmosis method for desalination of water.(8)
12. (a) (i) Give any three factors on which adsorption depends.(8)
(ii)Applying Michaelis and Menton equation discuss the kinetics of enzyme
catalyzed reactions.(8)
(or)
(b) (i) Explain the following with suitable examples Heterogeneous catalysis and
Acid-Base catalysis.(8)
(ii) Explain the contact theory of catalysis.(8)
13. (a) Write a short note on Heat treatment of alloy.(16)
(or)
(b) (i) State phase rule and explain the terms involved in it.(8)
(ii) Draw a neat one component water system and explain in detail.(8)
14. (a) (i) Write a detailed account on petroleum processing and fractions. (8)