FACULTY OF CIVL ENGINEERING

HOMEWORK

COURSE: TRANSPORTATION INGENIERING

TEACHER: SANCHEZ NAVARRO, ALEX M.

NOMBRE DEL ALUMNO (A) CDIGO DEL ALUMNO (A)

CERRON RIVADENEIRA, FABIAN ENRIQUE 1420880

CUYA VILLEGAS, JHOEL DAVID 1420912
DELGADO HUAEC, LIZANDRO 1420920
RAMOS BENITES, JOSE MANUEL 1421423
VELASQUEZ QUISPE, SAMIR 1421267
VILLAVERDE LEN, JORGE CRISTOPHER FRANCOES 1421290

Lima Per
2017-I

0
 INDEX

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 2

OBJETIVOS ...................................................................................................................... 3

LOCATION ........................................................................................................................ 3

TRAFFIC CONCEPTS ...................................................................................................... 5

PART 1: TRAFFIC COUNT .......................................................................................... 5

a) Excel Spreadsheet with the traffic data collected:........................................... 5

b) Traffic Volume Studies: ...................................................................................... 6

c) Density (k) at a specific time t: ....................................................................... 12

PART 2: SPEEED STUDY .......................................................................................... 13

a) The process of how you collected your speed data ....................................... 13

b) Determine the space mean speed and time mean speed ...................................... 18

c) Compare both speed, and also compare them with the legal speed for this roadway
section. Describe your findings. ............................................................................. 20

PART 3: DIAGRAMS FLOW DENSITY - SPEED ................................................... 22

PART 4: PRESENT A REPORT THAT INCLUDES POINTS .................................... 27

HOMEWORK #2 .............................................................................................................. 30

1. The traffic volume that this new development will generate ......................... 30

2. Determine the existing LOS (Level of Service) ................................................ 32

3. Level of Service include the Project ....................................................................... 38

4. Level of service after 5, 10, 15 years of the implementation of the project. ............. 46

5. Assume that this building has one entry and one exit controlled by an automatic gate,
which can serve 360 vehicle per hour. Determine the length of queue and waiting
time, considering M/M/1: ...................................................................................... 49

6. Present you results in a final report. ......................................................................... 51

REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 62

1
 INTRODUCTION

In the course of introduction to transport engineering, through the analysis of the

elements of the volume of traffic characteristics and the behavior of transit, can be
understood basic requirements for planning, design and operation of roads, streets and
its complementary within the transport system works. With the application of the laws
of physics and mathematics, analysis of traffic volume describes the form as
circulating vehicles on any highway, which allows to determine the level of efficiency
of operation.

One of the most useful results of the traffic volume is the development of microscopic
models that relate their different variables such as volume, speed, density, the interval
and the spacing. These models have been based on the development of the concept of
capacity and service levels applied to different types of road elements.

The impact these models is also quite high, making it necessary to have an adequate
road infrastructure to understand this kind of demand, moreover, commercial
transportation and other either passengers or goods by road has become the most
popular and economical.

Therefore, that although our career for this study is part of a subject, the reality goes
beyond a simple theme for the social management of a city and even a country or
community.

It is such sense, the objective to the per traffic volume, is to present some
methodologies and research and their most relevant applications in this work, with
particular emphasis on the aspects that relate the variables of the volume of traffic
with probabilistic description or casual traffic flow, the distribution of vehicles in a
viability and statistical distributions used in project and traffic control.

2
 OBJETIVOS

Understand the importance of making (paths, roads, tracks) field studies taking data
and process to find problems with respect to traffic engineer and consequently
propose solutions.

Conduct a traffic volume count for two hours during morning from 8 am to 10 and
then determine the design hour volume (DHV), the peak hour factor (PHF), D-
Directional Factor and PT-Percentage of trucks.

Describe the process of how we collect our speed data, then determine the space mean
speed and time mean speed and finally we compare both speed, and also compare
them with the legal speed for this roadway section.

With the maximum speed that we have obtained that is the Free Flow Speed, with
this speed and the information provided below, obtain the qm for the facility, then
draw the diagrams Flow-Density-Speed for this roadway section.

Apply what they learned in classes by our own data collection and answer the
questions of the work with their respective justifications.

3
 LOCATION

This study was carried out in the Molina district, exactly at Avenida Constructores,
for this report we worked with the two lanes in the direction indicated by the image.

The vehicular traffic in the avenue Builders of the mill is regular from the 7:30 am to
9am during the days Monday to Friday

4
 TRAFFIC CONCEPTS

PART 1: TRAFFIC COUNT

In this case we count vehicles for two hours, from 8am to 10am, on Friday.

a) Excel Spreadsheet with the traffic data collected:

Number of vehicles per each 15 minutes

DIRECTION FROM EAST TO WEST

SEMI-HEAVY HEAVY
TIME LIGHT
VEHICHES VEHICHES
VEHICLES
8:00 8:15 208 9 5 222
8:15 8:30 256 8 7 271
8:30 8:45 225 9 5 239
8:45 9:00 251 6 9 266
9:00 9:15 252 6 6 264
9:15 9:30 225 5 12 242
9:30 9:45 240 7 5 252
9:45 10:00 232 5 6 243
TOTAL 1889 55 55 1999

DIRECTION FROM WEST TO EAST

SEMI-HEAVY HEAVY
TIME LIGHT
VEHICHES VEHICHES
VEHICLES
8:00 8:15 151 5 5 161
8:15 8:30 179 1 18 198
8:30 8:45 200 1 8 209
8:45 9:00 167 4 12 183
9:00 9:15 160 3 8 171
9:15 9:30 146 4 11 161
9:30 9:45 115 7 11 133
9:45 10:00 142 4 11 157
TOTAL 1260 29 84 1373

Total Number of vehicles in both directions are 3372

5
 b) Traffic Volume Studies:

Direction East West

A.1

VOLUME DIRECTION FROM EAST TO WEST

Time Number of vehicles
08:00 - 09:00 998
08:15 - 09:15 1040
08:30 - 09:30 1011
08:45 - 09:45 1024
09:00 - 10:00 1001

From the data collected we can be determine:

The peak hour factor (PHF):

Where:

PHV = peak-hour volume (vph)

V15 = volume during the peak 15 minutes of flow (veh/15 minutes)

So with the table A.1 we can determine the peak hour volume:

( )

Then we have to apply the formula of the PH, which is:

6
 Design hour volume (DHV):

After the PHF is determined we can use this result to find DHV:

DPT - Percentage of trucks :

DIRECTION FROM EAST TO WEST

Light Vehicles Semi-Heavy Heavy Vehicles Total

Vehicles

Amount of car 1889 55 55 1999

Percentage 94.50% 2.75% 2.75% 100%

In summary:

DIRECTION FROM EST TO WEST

DHV PHF D PT
1064 0.98 - 2.75%

Direction West East

B.1

VOLUME DIRECTION FROM WEST TO EAST

Time Number of vehicles
08:00 - 09:00 751
08:15 - 09:15 761
08:30 - 09:30 724

7
 08:45 - 09:45 648
09:00 - 10:00 622

From the data collected we can be determine:

The peak hour factor (PHF):

Where:

PHV = peak-hour volume (vph)

V15 = volume during the peak 15 minutes of flow (veh/15 minutes)

So with the table B.1 we can determine the peak hour volume:

( )

Then we have to apply the formula of the PH, which is:

Design hour volume (DHV):

After the PHF is determined we can use this result to find DHV:

8
 DPT - Percentage of trucks :

DIRECTION FROM EAST TO WEST

Light Semi-Heavy Heavy Total
Vehicles Vehicles Vehicles
Amount of 1260 29 84 1373
car
Percentage 91.77% 2.11% 6.12% 100%

In summary:

DIRECTION FROM EST TO WEST

DHV PHF D PT
836 0.91 - 6.12%

Both directions:

Number of vehicles per each 15 minutes in both directions

VOLUME OF VEHICLES IN BOTH DIRECTIONS

Time Number of Vehicles
08:00 - 09:00 1749
08:15 - 09:15 1801
08:30 - 09:30 1735
08:45 - 09:45 1672
09:00 - 10:00 1623

VOLUME OF VEHICLES IN BOTH DIRECTIONS

Time Number of Vehicles
08:00 - 09:15 383
08:15 - 09:30 469
08:30 - 09:45 448
08:45 - 09:00 449
09:00 - 09:15 435
09:15 - 09:30 403
09:30 - 09:45 385
09:45 - 10:00 400

9
From the data collected we can be determine:

The peak hour factor (PHF):

Where:

PHV = peak-hour volume (vph)

V15 = volume during the peak 15 minutes of flow (veh/15 minutes)

So with the table B.1 we can determine the peak hour volume:

( )

Then we have to apply the formula of the PH, which is:

Design hour volume (DHV):

After the PHF is determined we can use this result to find DHV:

10
 D Directional factor:

Percentage per each direction

PERCENTAGE (%)
DIRECTION FROM SOUTH TO NORTH DIRECTION FROM NORTH TO SOUTH
42.25% 57.75%

With the last table we can determine the Directional factor (D):

DPT - Percentage of trucks :

DIRECTION FROM EAST TO WEST

Light Vehicles Semi-Heavy Heavy Vehicles Total
Vehicles
Amount of car 3149 84 139 3372
Percentage 93.39% 2.49% 4.12% 100%

In summary:

DIRECTION FROM EST TO WEST

DHV PHF D PT
1876 0.96 57.75% 4.12%

11
c) Density (k) at a specific time t:

( )

Of the photo taken at 08:30 am the following was obtained:

Direction from East to West

When, = 10

Direction from West to East:

When, =16

So, the density in the road (both lanes) is about:

12
PART 2: SPEEED STUDY

a) The process of how you collected your speed data

All the members of the group met at the study site that is located at the intersection of
the Avenue Ingenieros with Los Constructores.

a) To begin we define a distance that will help us in the process of evaluating the speeds of
the cars.

b) To measure the time of travel of the cars and to point the plates in the 100 meters
(distance) we had to divide us into small groups.

c) With all the data collected we made a table where all the cars evaluated with their
respective plates and the time that took to travel the distance, which helped us to
determine the speed of each of the cars.

13
Process of data collection was as shown below. First we define a road section

North- west ( intersection of Jr Los Edafologos with Los Ingenieros) to South east.
South east (Avenue Los Ingenieros with Los Edafologos) to North-west.

Half of the urban transports that pass through the avenue Constructores are combis that by
their size do not congest the road.

14
1. Two members of the group positioned themselves at the point shown to write down the
license plates and start measuring time.

2. Here were two members of the group who recorded the time of travel of the 100 meters for
each car.

3. Once classified cars with its respective plates and knowing the time that the cars delayed to
cross the required distance, we calculate its respective speeds of each one.

15
4. Finally these are the results with the times and pointed in a draft boards, then you will have
to find the matching plates in each lane to determine how long each vehicle was delayed.

DIRECCION 1
DISTANCI TIEMPO DISTANCI TIEMPO VELOCIDA VELOCIDA
PLACA
A (M) (S) A (KM) (HORAS) D (m/s) D (KM/H)
C3H-697 100 7.7 0.1 0.0021 13 46.78
AJI-087 100 5.93 0.1 0.0016 16.86 60.7
N9F-245 100 4.54 0.1 0.0013 22.03 79.31
B6L-408 100 6.93 0.1 0.0019 14.43 51.96
C4A-409 100 6.17 0.1 0.0017 16.2 58.32
F1V-413 100 5.24 0.1 0.0015 19.07 68.65
D5C-150 100 4.58 0.1 0.0013 21.82 78.54
D65-174 100 6.95 0.1 0.0019 14.39 51.8
A6L-218 100 7.97 0.1 0.0022 12.55 45.16
F60-336 100 4.73 0.1 0.0013 21.12 76.05
F10-076 100 5.97 0.1 0.0017 16.74 60.25
A8M-
100 6.01 0.1 0.0017 16.64 59.89
559
F2P-226 100 7.83 0.1 0.0022 12.77 45.97
ARE-
100 7.86 0.1 0.0022 12.73 45.82
105
A7F-409 100 6.19 0.1 0.0017 16.16 58.18
F9X-726 100 6.81 0.1 0.0019 14.69 52.9
A0N-
100 5.5 0.1 0.0015 18.19 65.47
778
CQM-
100 6.83 0.1 0.0019 14.63 52.68
014
APJ-911 100 6.63 0.1 0.0018 15.09 54.33
B30-776 100 7.51 0.1 0.0021 13.32 47.94
A90-797 100 5.9 0.1 0.0016 16.95 61.01
A2S-030 100 6.2 0.1 0.0017 16.14 58.09
A6X-
100 6.48 0.1 0.0018 15.43 55.56
629
AMG-
100 7.8 0.1 0.0022 12.81 46.13
249
ANJ-878 100 5.29 0.1 0.0015 18.91 68.07
AVERAGE SPEED 16.11 57.98

16
 DIRECCION 2
DISTANCIA TIEMPO DISTANCIA TIEMPO VELOCIDAD VELOCIDAD
PLACA
(M) (S) (KM) (HORAS) (m/s) (KM/H)
ANJ-877 100 5.61 0.1 0.0016 17.83 64.18
D3X-606 100 6.68 0.1 0.0019 14.96 53.86
APU-191 100 6.51 0.1 0.0018 15.36 55.30
C5L-285 100 5.78 0.1 0.0016 17.29 62.25
A1C-343 100 5.22 0.1 0.0014 19.17 69.01
AML-508 100 5.19 0.1 0.0014 19.28 69.42
ARI-785 100 5.68 0.1 0.0016 17.60 63.34
B4P-448 100 5.06 0.1 0.0014 19.76 71.14
B5G-203 100 6.05 0.1 0.0017 16.53 59.52
F6Z-305 100 5.97 0.1 0.0017 16.76 60.34
B2L-146 100 6.41 0.1 0.0018 15.61 56.18
AHP-690 100 5.90 0.1 0.0016 16.94 60.98
AAZ-656 100 6.18 0.1 0.0017 16.18 58.24
AKK-392 100 5.51 0.1 0.0015 18.15 65.34
D9J-445 100 6.14 0.1 0.0017 16.28 58.59
ADT-215 100 5.75 0.1 0.0016 17.40 62.66
A0K-052 100 5.72 0.1 0.0016 17.48 62.94
B5M-463 100 5.94 0.1 0.0017 16.83 60.60
F4M-882 100 6.14 0.1 0.0017 16.28 58.61
D1L-532 100 5.05 0.1 0.0014 19.81 71.32
A11-146 100 5.62 0.1 0.0016 17.80 64.08
APU-835 100 6.46 0.1 0.0018 15.49 55.77
B8Z-815 100 5.66 0.1 0.0016 17.67 63.60
ADS-671 100 6.28 0.1 0.0017 15.93 57.36
C2Z-632 100 5.21 0.1 0.0014 19.19 69.07
AVERAGE SPEED 17.26 62.15

With the data of 25 in one direction and 25 observations in the other direction, we made a
comparison of the frames to ensure that they are analysed in the same camera, then we
calculate the mean velocity with the following formula formulas.

17
 b) Determine the space mean speed and time mean speed

Ingenieros - Edafologos

(Line 1)

Is the address EAST - WEST

DIRECCION 1
DISTANCI TIEMPO DISTANCI TIEMPO VELOCIDA VELOCIDA
PLACA
A (M) (S) A (KM) (HORAS) D (m/s) D (KM/H)
C3H-697 100 7.7 0.1 0.0021 13 46.78
AJI-087 100 5.93 0.1 0.0016 16.86 60.7
N9F-245 100 4.54 0.1 0.0013 22.03 79.31
B6L-408 100 6.93 0.1 0.0019 14.43 51.96
C4A-409 100 6.17 0.1 0.0017 16.2 58.32
F1V-413 100 5.24 0.1 0.0015 19.07 68.65
D5C-150 100 4.58 0.1 0.0013 21.82 78.54
D65-174 100 6.95 0.1 0.0019 14.39 51.8
A6L-218 100 7.97 0.1 0.0022 12.55 45.16
F60-336 100 4.73 0.1 0.0013 21.12 76.05
F10-076 100 5.97 0.1 0.0017 16.74 60.25
A8M-
100 6.01 0.1 0.0017 16.64 59.89
559
F2P-226 100 7.83 0.1 0.0022 12.77 45.97
ARE-
100 7.86 0.1 0.0022 12.73 45.82
105
A7F-409 100 6.19 0.1 0.0017 16.16 58.18
F9X-726 100 6.81 0.1 0.0019 14.69 52.9
A0N-
100 5.5 0.1 0.0015 18.19 65.47
778
CQM-
100 6.83 0.1 0.0019 14.63 52.68
014
APJ-911 100 6.63 0.1 0.0018 15.09 54.33
B30-776 100 7.51 0.1 0.0021 13.32 47.94
A90-797 100 5.9 0.1 0.0016 16.95 61.01
A2S-030 100 6.2 0.1 0.0017 16.14 58.09
A6X-
100 6.48 0.1 0.0018 15.43 55.56
629
AMG-
100 7.8 0.1 0.0022 12.81 46.13
249
ANJ-878 100 5.29 0.1 0.0015 18.91 68.07
AVEGARE SPEED 16.11 57.98

18
 Edafologos - Ingenieros

(Line 2)

Is the address WEST - EAST

DIRECCION 2
DISTANCIA TIEMPO DISTANCIA TIEMPO VELOCIDAD VELOCIDAD
PLACA
(M) (S) (KM) (HORAS) (m/s) (KM/H)
ANJ-877 100 5.61 0.1 0.0016 17.83 64.18
D3X-606 100 6.68 0.1 0.0019 14.96 53.86
APU-191 100 6.51 0.1 0.0018 15.36 55.30
C5L-285 100 5.78 0.1 0.0016 17.29 62.25
A1C-343 100 5.22 0.1 0.0014 19.17 69.01
AML-508 100 5.19 0.1 0.0014 19.28 69.42
ARI-785 100 5.68 0.1 0.0016 17.60 63.34
B4P-448 100 5.06 0.1 0.0014 19.76 71.14
B5G-203 100 6.05 0.1 0.0017 16.53 59.52
F6Z-305 100 5.97 0.1 0.0017 16.76 60.34
B2L-146 100 6.41 0.1 0.0018 15.61 56.18
AHP-690 100 5.90 0.1 0.0016 16.94 60.98
AAZ-656 100 6.18 0.1 0.0017 16.18 58.24
AKK-392 100 5.51 0.1 0.0015 18.15 65.34
D9J-445 100 6.14 0.1 0.0017 16.28 58.59
ADT-215 100 5.75 0.1 0.0016 17.40 62.66
A0K-052 100 5.72 0.1 0.0016 17.48 62.94
B5M-463 100 5.94 0.1 0.0017 16.83 60.60
F4M-882 100 6.14 0.1 0.0017 16.28 58.61
D1L-532 100 5.05 0.1 0.0014 19.81 71.32
A11-146 100 5.62 0.1 0.0016 17.80 64.08
APU-835 100 6.46 0.1 0.0018 15.49 55.77
B8Z-815 100 5.66 0.1 0.0016 17.67 63.60
ADS-671 100 6.28 0.1 0.0017 15.93 57.36
C2Z-632 100 5.21 0.1 0.0014 19.19 69.07
AVEGARE SPEED 17.26 62.15

19
 c) Compare both speed, and also compare them with the legal speed for this
roadway section. Describe your findings.

It can be observed that both lanes 1 and 2 have 57.98 km / h and average speed 62.15
km/h respectively. In this particular case, the averages are the arithmetic mean of all the
data collected on the site. This also can be described by the following equation.

This is the general equation for the average speed hour. Therefore, our time average
speed for the entire stretch of road would be:

( )

Where:

( )

( )

( )

60.07 for both lanes

On the other hand, average speed space had a different calculation method. As we know
MSS (space means speed) is the velocity of harmonics that vehicles traveling on the road
at any given time. So we had to get the time they completed the entire stretch of road
First we divided factors in order to obtain the amount of time in the section that was
done. Then we add the second and calculated an average time spent in the two sections
with distance d = 100 m for tranches. Then we just converted the m/s to km/h.

Lane A: 159.55s/25v=6.38spv 100m/6.38s = 15.67m/s = 56.41 km/h

Lane B: 145.72s/25v = 5.83spv 190m/5.83s = 17,16m/s = 61.76 km/h

Finally we have an average of: 59.09 km/h

20
CONCLUSION:

To get the results of space mean speed (SMS = 59.09 km / h) and the average time speed
(TMS = 60.07 km / h) in point b. These values are different because for TMS we
measure average taking instantaneous velocity at a specific point while SMS is measured
from a road segment average speed harmonics.

21
PART 3: DIAGRAMS FLOW DENSITY - SPEED

Ingenieros - Edafologos

(Line 1)

Is the address EAST - WEST

From the data collected, we can determine that the overall maximum speed was 16.54
m/s, which equals 79.31 km/h. Hence: uf = 79.31 km/h

For a 70 km/hour a capacity of 1800 vehicle per hour per lane

Calculate k:

22
 SPEED VS DENSITY

( )

( )

( )

( )

FLOW VS DENSITY

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

23
 SPEED VS FLOW

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )
(( ) )

Edafologos - Ingenieros

(Line 2)

Is the address WEST - EAST

From the data collected, we can determine that the overall maximum speed was 19.81
m/s, which equals 71.32 km/h. Hence: uf = 71.32 km/h

For a 70 km/hour a capacity of 1800 vehicle per hour per lane

24


Calculate k:

FLOW VS DENSITY

( )

( )

( )

( )

FLOW VS DENSITY

( )

( )

25
( )

( )

( )

SPEED VS FLOW

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )
(( ) )

26
 PART 4: PRESENT A REPORT THAT INCLUDES POINTS

The group of students met instead of study is located cross between Avenues "Engineers "
and "Constructors".

- First we define a segment avenue to evaluate. We take the following intersections for each
direction: South-east to North-west North-west to South-east
- After two members of the group will be responsible for taking time each vehicle passing in
front of them at each intersection. Only time to take the plates of each
- Once taken the times of each vehicle it is necessary to compare and match with plates taken
from each intersection then by time difference speed for a distance will be determined.

27
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY OF RELIEF TRANSIT VOLUME:

The volume of traffic is the number of vehicles passing through a point along a road or a lane
for a given time unit, can be hours per vehicle or day per vehicle.

When performing this work on the volume of traffic at the intersection of the AV constructors
with engineers, we seek to know and study the periodic variations of traffic volumes within
this avenue constituent of the physical infrastructure or static component of the transit
systems, to Thus ensuring the proper functioning of streets or highways. For this avenue the
results obtained from this study will serve to estimate and propose solutions to traffic
problems.

The volumes of transit to be dynamic are only precise for the period of duration in which the
vehicle capacity is made; But its variations tend to be rhythmic and repetitive, marking a
similar behavior in certain temporal spaces included in a day (peak hours), so that to
generalize the traffic behavior, which is particular for each section of track or intersection, we
have performed A detailed study in which the parameters most representative of the traffic
during the period in which the maximum vehicular demand is presented over an hour is
determined, taking data in intervals of 15 minutes.

For example, if you know that Easter is going to have the highest number of traffic accidents,
you should plan a preventive campaign to act before and during that week. On the other hand,
this week should not be normal repair work in the street or road, as they can be disruptive or
dangerous.

Therefore, it is fundamental, in the planning and operation of the vehicular circulation, to

know the periodic variations of the volumes of traffic within the maximum hours demand, in
the hours of the day, in the days of the week and in the months of the year.

SOURCES:
Vagosdeunisucre.files.wordpress.com
Sjnavarro.files.wordpress.com

28
 PURPOSE OF THE SPEED STUDY:

Speed is vital for any traffic study; Is an important measure of the quality of service offered in
any type of road.
This velocity study was performed with the purpose of estimating the velocity distribution in
vehicular flow at the intersection of Av. Constructors with engineers.
The speed characteristics we determine in the report can be used to:

- Set parameters for traffic operation and control, such as speed zones (the 85th percentile is
used as the speed limit on a road).
- Evaluate affectivity of traffic control devices, such as traffic signs.
- Determine the adequacy of the geometric characteristics of the road, such as horizontal radii,
curves and lengths.
- Determine if complaints of speeding incidents are valid.

Source:
-manual normative of study of traffic

29
 HOMEWORK #2
Using the data collected in Homework 01 determine:

1. The traffic volume that this new development will generate

Data = 6800 m2
Apartments = 650
We need to obtain the number of trips for this we resort following table:

To calculate the number of trips we used the rule of three simple:

1 apartment = 0.62 trips per unit

650 apartment = X
X = 403 trips

30
Consideration of % private vehicle

Source:http://www.limacomovamos.org/cm/wpcontent/uploads/2017/04/Movilidad-y-
transporte.pdf

We considered the percentage of private transport to the sum of individual transport

and non-motorized transport.

% private transport = 22.6

Previously we had calculated the number of trips:

403 22.6 % = 91.078

We calculated in the homework 1 the volume of total cars in one lane.

Direction From South Direction From North to Total of Car

to North South

1999 1373 3372

31
 So, the traffic Volume that is new development will generate is:

1373 + 91.078 = 1464.078 1464 number of car

2. Determine the existing LOS (Level of Service)

a) FROM EAST TO WEST

From our previous homework we have = 2. 75 %, Design hour volume that is

= 1064 / and the PHF=0.98.

STEP 1:

Finding : assuming a level terrain (=1.5) and recreational vehicles equal 0.

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

STEP 2:

Flow rate assuming =1 for driver commuter traffic.

= 538.146 / /

STEP 3:

The Free Flow Speed from the homework 1 =79.31 /

STEP 4:

32
According to Speed-Flow Curve, we have obtained the Speed Flow that is the same

result of the FFS.

S= 80mph

33
The LOS for this lane is A

34
b) FROM WEST TO EAST

From our previous homework we have =6.12%, Design hour volume that is
=836 / and the PHF=0.91.

STEP 1:

Finding : assuming a level terrain (=1.5) and recreational vehicles equal 0.

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

STEP 2:

Flow rate assuming =1 for driver commuter traffic.

= 931.92 / /

STEP 3:

The Free Flow Speed from the homework 1 =71.32k /

STEP 4:

According to Speed-Flow Curve, we have obtained the Speed Flow that is the same
result of the FFS.

35
S= 70mph

36
The LOS for this lane is B

37
3. Level of Service include the Project

Include a new development project, which will be located at the main street of the
road network you have previously worked in your Homework 01. The characteristics
of this project are:

- The project has a gross area of 6800 m2

- It includes the construction of 650 apartments divided into 3 buildings of 18 floors.
- This project includes the construction of pedestrian ramps to provide access for
people with disabilities.
- The land use is ZRE
- The project complies with the RNE requirements

Determining FFS:

The new development project is in the first lane. Now we use the Free-flow speed:

38


We consider the previously analysis about the roadway, for dating:

BFFS (Urban zones) = 70 mph

( )

( )

Determining Flow Rate:

We will have some considerations about the project, we have data of 650 apartments
in 6800 m2, with which will generate a greater number of trips and the number of
vehicles that circulate along the road and finally we have a new volume of traffic.

According to the TRAVEL GENERATION TASTS table, this area and the number
of departments generate a ratio of 0.62 trips.

Then:

39
Now we need to estimate the number of vehicles that circulate in this road. For this,
we turn to an analysis by RPP Notices that estimates the number of people traveling
by public transport (75.6%) and private vehicle (24.4%).

a) FROM EAST TO WEST

From our previous homework we have = 2. 75 %, Design hour volume that is

= 1064 / , the PHF=0.98 and the PHF for the new project is 1040+98=1138

STEP 1:

Finding : assuming a level terrain (=1.5) and recreational vehicles equal 0.

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

STEP 2:

Flow rate assuming =1 for driver commuter traffic.

= 589 / /

STEP 3:

The Free Flow Speed calculated previously

= 65.5 /

40
STEP 4:

According to Speed-Flow Curve, we have obtained the Speed Flow that is the same
result of the FFS.

S= 65 mph

41
The LOS for this lane is A

42
b) FROM WEST TO EAST

From our previous homework we have =6.12%, Design hour volume that is
=836 / , the PHF=0.91 and the PHF for the new project is 1801+ 98 = 1899

STEP 1:

Finding : assuming a level terrain (=1.5) and recreational vehicles equal 0.

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

STEP 2:

Flow rate assuming =1 for driver commuter traffic.

= 983 / /

STEP 3:

The Free Flow Speed calculated previously

=65.5k /

STEP 4:

According to Speed-Flow Curve, we have obtained the Speed Flow that is the same
result of the FFS.

43
S= 65 mph

44
The LOS for this lane is B

45
4. Level of service after 5, 10, 15 years of the implementation of the project.

Source: Gestion.pe
According to the daily management growth rate in the automotive sector will be
11.11%.
Then:

Where:
Vn is the volume in n years
Vo initial volume
G growth rate
We calculate the projected volume for 5, 10, and 15 years

We calculated in the homework 1 the volume of total cars in one lane.

Direction From East to Direction From West to

Total of Car
West East
1999 1373 3372

46
 Determine de LOS after 5 years with the inclusion of the project.

EAST - WEST

1064veh/h + 266veh/h = 1330veh/h.

= 0+

= 1999 + 1330
0
= 3329

Where:
Vn = volume in n years
Vo = initial volume
G = growth rate

5 = 3329(1 + 0.1111) 5
5 = 5637.41
10 = 3329(1 + 0.1111) 10
10= 9546.52
15 = 3329(1 + 0.1111) 15
15= 16166.31

5637 LOS F
5 = 0.98 2 0.986 1 = 2916.86
9547 LOS F
10 = 0.98 2 0.986 1 = 4940.08
5
15 =
16166
= 8365.07 LOS F
0.9862 0.986 1

47
WEST - EAST

836veh/h + 269veh/h =1105veh/h.

= 0 +
= 1373 + 1105
= 2478

5 = 2478(1 + 0.1111) 5
5 = 4196.30
0
10 = 2478(1 + 0.1111) 10
10= 7106.12
15 = 2478(1 + 0.1111) 15
15= 12033
. .68

4196
5 = 0.91 2 0.970 1 =2376.80 LOS E
7106
10 = 0.91 2 0.970 1 = 4025.2 LOS F
12034
15 = 0.91 2 0.970 1 = 6816.59 LOS F
3

48
 5. Assume that this building has one entry and one exit controlled by an
automatic gate, which can serve 360 vehicle per hour. Determine the length of
queue and waiting time, considering M/M/1:

QUEUE ANALYSIS:

First, we calculate the number of trips:

NUMBER OF TRIPS = 0.62x650 = 403 trips

According to the survey RPP notice, 75.6% of people prefer public transport while
24.4% prefer the private transport:

THEN:

Public Transport: 75.6%(403) = 305 veh/hour

Private Transport: 24.4%(403) = 98 veh/hour

Now, we assume that the arrival rate will be 75.6 percent of private transport while the
departure rate will be 24.4 percent of private transport, then:

ARRIVAL RATE = 75.6% (81) = 61 veh/hour = 1.0 veh/minute

DEPARTURE RATE = 360 veh/hour = 6veh/minute

We determine the length of queue and waiting time, considering M/M/1:

49
( )

( )

50
 6. Present you results in a final report.
The final report must include:

Your first report (homework #1)

Total Number of vehicles in both directions are 3372 (15 minutes)
Direction East West
( )

Direction West East

( )

Both directions:

( )

D Directional factor:

Direction from East to West

Density (k) when n=10

Direction from West to East:
Density (k) when n=16

Density in both lanes

The space mean speed and time mean speed

Ingenieros - Edafologos

Is the address EAST WEST

AVEGARE SPEED = 57.98

Edafologos - Ingenieros

Is the address WEST EAST

51
 AVEGARE SPEED = 62.15

AVEGARE SPEED IN BOTH DIRECTION 60.07 for both lanes

Lane A: 159.55s/25v=6.38spv 100m/6.38s = 15.67m/s = 56.41 km/h

Lane B: 145.72s/25v = 5.83spv 190m/5.83s = 17,16m/s = 61.76 km/h

Finally we have an average of: 59.09 km/h

To get the results of space mean speed (SMS = 59.09 km / h) and the average time speed
(TMS = 60.07 km / h) in point b. These values are different because for TMS we
measure average taking instantaneous velocity at a specific point while SMS is measured
from a road segment average speed harmonics.

DIAGRAMS FLOW DENSITY - SPEED

Ingenieros - Edafologos

Is the address EAST - WEST

SPEED VS DENSITY

52
FLOW VS DENSITY

SPEED VS FLOW

53
 Edafologos - Ingenieros

Is the address WEST - EAST

FLOW VS DENSITY

FLOW VS DENSITY

SPEED VS FLOW

54
 Include tables, and graphs in a professional manner.

Tabla 1: COMMON TRIP GENERATION RATES (PM Peak Hour)

55
Tabla 2: MAIN MOBILIZATION (LIMA METROPOLITANA AND CALLAO)

Tabla 3: CURVES AND LOS FOR BASIC FREEWAY SEGMENTS (SPEED vs. FLOW)

56
Tabla 4: LOS Criteria for basic freeway segments

57
 Description of assumptions, methodology use, all calculations, results, and
conclusions.

1 apartment = 0.62 trips per unit

650 apartment = X
X = 403 trips
% private transport = 22.6
403 22.6 % = 91.078
Direction From North to South = 1373

Volume that is new development will generate is:

1373 + 91.078 = 1464.078 1464 number of car

LOS (LEVEL OF SERVICE)

a. FROM EAST TO WEST

( ) ( )

= 538.146 / /
=79.31 /
S= 80mph

The LOS for this lane is A

b. FROM WEST TO EAST

( ) ( )

= 931.92 / /
=71.32k /
S= 70mph

58
 The LOS for this lane is B

Determining FFS

( )
Determining Flow Rate

a. FROM EAST TO WEST

( ) ( )

= 589 / /
= 65.5 /
S= 65 mph

The LOS for this lane is A

b. FROM WEST TO EAST

( ) ( )

= 983 / /
=65.5k /
S= 65 mph

The LOS for this lane is B

We calculate the projected volume for 5, 10, and 15 years

EAST - WEST

59
WEST EAST

60
 Include a map that displays the roadway network and the location of the
building project..

61
 REFERENCES

Nicholas J. Garber, (Ingeniera de Trnsito y Carreteras), 7ma Edicin

Snchez navarro, Alex Manuel, (PPT)

Source: http://www.limacomovamos.org/
Source: gestion.pe

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