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Day 1

Problem 1.
a/ Peter and Jean earn a combined monthly income of $3000. They have to meet the
following expenses each month: food $640; electricity, water and gas $110; telephone
$40; hire purchase payments$180; housing loan $360; insurance $75; car maintenance
$165; others $350
i/ Calculate their total monthly expenses
ii/ Express their monthly savings as a percentage of their income
b/ Given that their combined monthly income increases by 8% and their monthly
expenses on food; electricity, water and gas; car maintenance increase by 3%; 6% and 9%
respectively, calculate
i/ their new monthly savings
ii/ their percentage increase or decrease in their monthly savings
Solution:
i/ Their total monthly expenses
= $(640+110+40+180+360+75+165+350) = $1920
ii/ monthly savings: = $(3000-1920) = $1080
1080
Therefore percentage of monthly savings = 100% = 36%
3000
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(b) Increase in their monthly income = $3000 = $240
100
Increase in their monthly expenses
3 6 9
= $640 + $110 + $165 = $(19.20 + 6.60 + 14.85) = $40.65
100 100 100
i/ their new monthly savings = $1080+$240-$40.65 = $1279.35
ii/ their percentage increase in their monthly savings
1279.35 - 1080
= 100% 18.46%
1080

Problem 2.
A six-faced die was throw 28 times. The table shows the number of times that each
possible score occurred
Score 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency 8 6 6 2 4 2
a/ Write down the modal score

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b/ After the 27th throw the median score was 2. What was the least possible score on the
28th throw?
c/ Theo die was then throw twice more. The mean score of all 30 throes war exactly 3.
What were the scores on the extra two throws?
Solution:
a/ The modal score was 1
b/ Because 27 is an odd number so median score was the score of the 14 th throw. Deduce
the score which was on the 14th throw was 2. But the sum of all frequencies of 1 and 2
scores were 14. Therefore, the least possible score which was on the 28 th throw was 3
c/ The total scores on the extra two throws
= 3 30 - (18 + 2 6 + 3 6 + 4 2 + 5 4 + 6 2) = 12
Let the score on the extra two throws are a and b. We have a 6; b 6; a + b = 12
Therefore a = b = 6
The scores on the extra two throws are 6 and 6

Problem 3.
A childs toy is formed by joining the plane face of a solid hemisphere of radius 6 cm to
the base of a solid cone of radius 6cm, as shown in the diagram. In this question take p
4 3 1
tobe 3.142. The volume of a sphere of radius r is p r . The volume of a cone is base
3 3
area height.
a/ Find the volume of the hemisphere
b/ The volume of the cone is 408 cm3. Find its height
c/ The hemispherevis made of metal alloy which has a density of 1.1 grams per cubic
centimetre
The cone is made of wood which has a density of 0.8 grams per cubic centimetre. Find
the total mass of the toy
d/ The hemispherical based of a number of these toys are fomed by melting down a solid
cylinder of the alloy of radius 8 cm and length 24 cm. Find the number of complete
hemispheres that can be made from the cylinder

Solution:
1 4 1 4
a/ The volume of the hemisphere: V1 = p r = 3.142 6 = 452.448 cm
3 3 3

2 3 2 3
b/ Let the volume of the cone be V2. We have the height of the cone

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3V2 3 408
h= = = 10.821 cm
pr 2
3.142 62
c/ The total mass of the toy: 452.448 1.1 + 408 0.8 = 824.0928 g
d/ The volume of the solid cylinder V = p R 2 h = 3.142 82 24 = 4826.112 cm3
The number of complete hemispheres that can be made from the cylinder
4826.112
= 10
452.448
Therefore the number of complete hemispheres that can be made from the cylinder is 10.

Problem 4.
In normal weather conditions, an aircraft travelled 648 nautical miles between A and B at
a average speed of x knots. In bad weather, the distance travelled was increased to 700
nautical miles and the average speed was reduced to (x 40) knots
a/ Write down expressions involving x for
i/ the normal weather flying time in hours;
ii/ the bad weather flying time in hours;
b/ Given that the difference between the flying times is y minutes, write down, but do not
simplify, an equation involving x and y
c/ Given that x = 540, calculate y?

Solution
648
a/ i/ the normal weather flying time in hours equal to hours
x
700
ii/ the bad weather, flying time was hours (condition x > 40)
x - 40
b/ Because the difference between the flying time is y minutes, so we have an equation
involving x and y:
700 648 y
- = (1)
x - 40 x 60
700 648 y
c/ Replace x = 540, (1) become: - = y = 12
540 - 40 540 60
So the result is y = 12 minutes

Problem 5.
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ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 2m marked out on level ground. Three vertical
posts are driven in at the vertices; AP is of height 6m; BQ is of height 3m; Cris of height
4m. The line PQ meets the ground at U; The line RQ meets the ground at V. Find the
length of BU and BV. Calculate the length of the perpendicular from B to line UV and

21
deduce that the inclination of the plane PQR to the horizontal is arctan
3

Solution:
Consider the triangle APU, we have BQ//AP
BU BQ 3 1
Thus = = = . Hence BU = AB = 2m
AU AP 6 2
Consider the triangle CRV, we have BQ // CR
Thus

BV BQ 3
= = or 4 BV = 3CV = 3(CB + BV ) = 3CV + 3BV .
CV CR 4
Hence BV = 3CB = 6m
Let H be the foot of the altitude from B to UV
Consider the triangle BUV, we have
= 22 + 62 - 2 2 6 cos600 = 28
UV 2 = BU 2 + BV 2 - 2BU BV cosUBV

Therefore UV = 28m= 2 7 m
Denote by S the area of triangle BUV
1 1
= 2 6 sin600 = 3 3m2
So S = BU BV sinUBV
2 2

BH UV 2S 2 3 3 3 21
But S = , deduce that BH = = = m
2 UV 2 7 7

3 21
So, the length of the perpendicular from B to the line UV is m
7
The inclination of the plane PQR to the horizontal is the angle BHQ
Becau se the triangle BHQ is a right-angled triangle with the right angle at B, we have:

= BQ 3 21
tan BHQ = =
BH 3 21 3
7

= arctan 21 (Q.E.D)
That's why, BHQ
3

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