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    17 views3 pages

    Phpnotes

    Uploaded by

    muralidhransiva

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    php

    Variables

    A variable is a special container that you can define to "hold" a value. Variables are fundamental
    to programming. preceded by a dollar sign ($). Variable names can include letters, numbers, and the
    underscore character (_). They cannot include spaces. They must begin with a letter or an underscore.

    print (2 + 4);

    $a;
    $a_longish_variable_name;
    $2453;
    $sleepyZZZZ;

    you usually assign a value to it in the same statement, as shown here:

    $num1 = 8; print $num1;


    $num2 = 23;

    Standard Data Types


    <html>
    <head>
    <title>Listing 4.1 Testing the type of a
    variable</title>
    </head>
    5: <body>
    6: <?php
    7: $testing; // declare without assigning NULL
    8: print gettype( $testing ); // null integer
    9: print "<br>"; string
    10: $testing = 5; double
    11: print gettype( $testing ); // integer boolean
    12: print "<br>";
    13: $testing = "five";
    14: print gettype( $testing ); // string
    15: print("<br>");
    16: $testing = 5.0;
    17: print gettype( $testing ); // double
    18: print("<br>");
    19: $testing = true;
    20: print gettype( $testing ); // boolean
    21: print "<br>";
    22: ?>
    23: </body>
    24: </html>

    Changing the Type of a Variable with settype()

    <?php
    7: $undecided = 3.14;
    8: print gettype( $undecided ); // double
    9: print " is $undecided<br>"; // 3.14
    10: settype( $undecided, 'string' );
    22: ?>
    23: </body>
    24: </html>

    Changing Type by Casting

    By placing the name of a data type in parentheses in front of a variable, you create a copy of that
    variable's value converted to the data type specified.

    <?php
    7: $undecided = 3.14;
    8: $holder = ( double ) $undecided;
    9: print gettype( $holder ) ; // double
    10: print " is $holder<br>"; // 3.14
    11: $holder = ( string ) $undecided;
    12: print gettype( $holder ); // string
    13: print " is $holder<br>"; // 3.14
    : $holder = ( integer ) $undecided;
    20: $holder = ( boolean ) $undecided;

    The Assignment Operator

    You have seen the assignment operator each time we have initialized a variable. It consists of the
    single character =.

    print ($name = "matt");

    The Concatenation Operator

    The concatenation operator is represented by a single period.

    it appends the right-hand operand to the left. So

    "hello"." world" Returns "hello world"

    Combined Assignment Operators

    $x = 4;
    $x = $x + 4; // $x now equals 8

    $x = 4;
    $x += 4; // $x now equals 8

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