RCA s*Lr*.

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Hobby Circuits
Manual

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 Gircuits
Fig. 7l - Completed circuit board Jor the automatic keyer.
CIRCUIT NO. 7 _ MICROPHO]UE PREAMPLIFIER
The microphone preamplifier is
capable of boosting the output of a
dy'namic microphone to a 0.5- to l-volt
l:r'el. This level is compatible with the
rni.xer, volume compressor, and line
amplifier (Circuit No. 8) and the audio
aorver amplifier circuit (Circuit No.
l -) described in this Manual.
Gircuit Operation
The schematic diagram and parts
list for the microphone preamplifier
are shown inFig. 72. The circuit con-
fti sists of a two-stage direct-coupled
il amplifier that is stabilized by the use of
$ dc feedback. The circuit works well
*'ith dynamic microphones having
t
il
impedances from 200 ohms to 30,000
ohms.
tt:
When the circuit is in operation,
i
base bias current for the input transis-
4
tor Qr is obtained from the emitter of
output transistor Q z through Rs. Q z
t
obtains its base bias current through
j, the collector iesistor of Q r, Rr. This
.nil
d
unique bias circuit provides dc feed-
back for stabilization of the operating
points of the transistors. For example,
69
if the operating current of Qr increases,
the collector voltage of Qr decreases
and reduces the voltage of the base of
Qz This lower voltage causes a reduc-
tion in the operating current of Qr.
When the operating current of Qz
decreases, the voltage at the emitter of
Qz also decreases. This voltage
decrease is reflected back to the base of
Qr, which undergoes a current reduc-
tion that offsets the initial increase.
This preamplifier circuit is designed
to operate from an l8- to 20-volt
source; voltage in this range can be
obtained from batteries or from a
power supply. The power circuit can be
common to the power amplifier. The
preamplifier circuit can tolerate vol-
tages greater than 20 volts if R8 is
increased about 400 ohms for every
volt above 20 volts. The current drain
of the preamplifier is approximately
2.5 milliamperes; the voltage gain is
about 1700.
Special Gonsiderations
When the preamplifier is used with
a low-impedance dynamic microphone
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Circuits 91

crRcurT ruo. 15- ELEcTRorurc FUzz BoX

The fuzz box is intended to be used
rith a guitar; however, it may be used
rith any instrument whose musical
output is electrically amplified. It can
bc used with the audio power amplifier
cirorit described in this Manual. The
fu:z box changes the character of the
round produced by an instrument and
makes possible the generation of a
rariety of sounds of which the instru-
mcnt alone is not capable.
Gircuit Operation
The schematic diagram and parts
list for the electronic ltzz box are
shown in Fig.97. The output of transis-
tor Q r, a basic emitter-follower that
gives the Iuzzbox a high-impedance
input, is applied to the base of Qz. Qz is
biased at almost cutoff and, therefore,
amplifies only half the input signal.
Potentiometer Rs is used to adjust the

Frrts List

Cr : 0.01 microfarad, 25 volts or Rs : potentiometer, 5000 ohms, lin-

greater ear taper
CrCsCr = 5 microfarads, 15 volts, R6 : 15,000 ohms, l/Zwatt, lUVo
electrolytic Rs Rro :
2700 ohms, I 12 watt, l\Vo
Q'Q, : transistor, RCA SK3020 :
R, 47,000 ohms, I l2watt, ll%o
Q1 : transistor, RCA SK3005 R1r :potentiometer, 10,000 ohms,
R.r Rz Rs R? : 100,000 ohms, l/2 linear taper
watt, lj%o S1 : switch, double-pole, double-
R. : 3300ohms, l/2watt, l0% throw

Fig. 97 - Schematic diagram and parts list Jor the electronic Juzz box.
 -r-
92 RCA Hobby Circuits Manual

input signal level to Q, (to approxi- Construction

mately I volt) and the amount of
"flzz." Transistor Qa receives the
output from Qz through Rs; Qa is
biased in such a way that the top half
of the sigral input to it is clipped; this
clipping action tends to create a square
wave. Potentiometer Rrr is used to
vary the output level of the circuit.
The input voltage of this circuit
should be approximately I volt. The
current drain for this circuit is approxi-
mately 5 milliamperes.
In operation , the fuzz box is nor-
mally cut in and out as music is being
played. When the fttzz box is cut out
the musical instrument is connected
directly to the amplifier.
The drilling template for the elec-
tronic fuzz box is shown at the back of
this Manual; a component placement
diagram and a photograph of a com-
pleted circuit board are shown in Figs.
98 and 99 respectively.
4

On, cr R2
++ Ra
++ Rro
o

[til
.lofig
+ [ ca lf,@q
C4
+
+
t
il'il",
fi ++ o
++
65
Fig. 98 - Component placement diagram
Jor the electronic Juzz box.

Fig. 99 - Cornpleted circuit board

Jor the eleetronic Juzz box