A P P L I C A T I O N S

VOLUME OF SOLID OF
REVOLUTION
2nd Proposition of Pappus:
The volume of the solid generated by revolving
a plane surface about an axis is equal to the
area of the surface times the distance traveled
by the centroid of the surface.

= =
 C = 2r = 2(b/2) = b|

b b

h h

b/2 b/2

= = =
= Volume of a cylinder!
VOLUME OF SOLID OF
REVOLUTION
1. Using Circular Disk or Ring Method
2. Using Hollow Cylindrical Shell
CIRCULAR DISC OR RING
METHOD = |
| =

= |

= |

= =

CYLINDRICAL SHELL
METHOD = |
= | | =

= |

= =

BOARD PROBLEM
Given the area bounded by the curve
y 2 = x, the line x = 4 and the x axis.
What is the volume generated when this
area is revolved about the x axis?
 USING COMMON FIGURE
y2 = x |

Paraboloid of Revolution
(4, 2)

x-axis |
4 units

4 units
h=4
(4, 2)

r=2
(4, -2)

x=4| Ans: .
 USING VERTICAL STRIP

y2 = x |

(4, 2)
dx
x-axis |
y

(0, 0)

(4, -2)

x=4| Ans: .
 USING HORIZONTAL STRIP
y2 = x |

(4, 2)

x x
x-axis |
dy dy

(0, 0)

(4, -2)

x=4|
Ans: .
 USING 2ND PROPOSTION OF PAPPUS
y2 = x | For a Parabolic segment:
| centroid y = kxn
Area:
(4, 2)
=
` +
Abscissa of centroid:
x-axis |
2 units =
x c , yc +
R = yc Ordinate of centroid:
+
=
(0, 0) +

| axis or rotaion

(4, -2)

x=4| Ans: .
BOARD PROBLEM
Determine the volume generated by
rotating the curve 9x 2 + 4y 2 = 36 about
the line 3x + 4y = 20.
USING 2ND PROPOSTION OF PAPPUS
(0, 5) | + =

a=3
R

(20/3, 0)
C (0, 0)
b=2 a=3 b=2

+ = |

Ans: 482 cu. units

LENGTH OF AN ARC

2 2 2
ds = dx + dy
2 2 , 2 2
x2
dy
s= 1+ dx
1 1 , 1

x1 dx

y2 2
dx
s= + 1 dy
y1 dy
BOARD PROBLEM
Determine the length of the arc from x = 1
to x = 4 of the curve x 2 + y 2 = 25.
 s

r=5 x=1 x=4

Ans: .
AREA OF SURFACE OF
REVOLUTION
1st Proposition of Pappus:
The area of the surface generated is equal to
the length of the generating arc times the
distance traveled by the centroid of the arc.

= =
 C = 2r = 2R |

R R

L L=h

= = =
= Lateral Surface area of a cylinder!
BOARD PROBLEM
Determine the surface area generated if
the line segment intercepted by the
coordinate axes is revolved about the y
axis. Assume the equation of the line is 3x
+ 4y 12 = 0.

Ans: 20 sq. units

 L=d
(0, 3)

C (xc, yc)
h=x=3
(4, 0)

R = xc

r=x=4

Ans: .
WORK DONE ON A
SPRING


= =

BOARD PROBLEM
The natural length of a spring is 10 cm. A
force of 50 N will stretch it to a total length
of 15 cm. Find the work done in stretching
it from its original length to a total length
of 20 cm.

Ans: 500 N-cm

WORK DONE IN PUMPING
OUT LIQUID
CASE 1:
When the location of the centroid of volume is
known.

=
Or
=
WORK DONE IN PUMPING OUT
LIQUID
Discharge line

R
d

H
h

| Centroid of the liquid |

WORK DONE IN PUMPING
OUT LIQUID
CASE 2:
When the location of the centroid of volume is
unknown.

=

WORK DONE IN PUMPING OUT
LIQUID
Discharge line

R
d

r
y2= h2 H
dh h

y1= h1
BOARD PROBLEM
A conical vessel is 12 m across the top
and 15 m deep. If it contains water to a
depth of 10 m, find the work in pumping
the liquid to the top of the vessel.
WORK DONE IN PUMPING OUT
LIQUID

Discharge line 6

5
r
5/2 = 2.5 15
10

| Centroid of the liquid |

Ans: , .
WORK DONE IN PUMPING OUT
LIQUID

Discharge line 6

d = 15 h
r
y2 = h2 = 10
15
dh h

y1= h1 = 0

Ans: , .
CENTRIOD OF PLANE
FIGURES
VARIGNONS THEOREM:
The moment of the whole (area) equals
the sum of the moment of the parts (dA).
CENTRIOD OF PLANE
FIGURES

dx

=

dA
x
=

y
CENTRIOD OF PLANE
FIGURES

x
dy =
dA

y
MOMENT OF INERTIA OF
PLANE AREAS


=

dA

=
dA

BOARD PROBLEM
The curve x 2 = 4y is bounded by the line
x = 4 and x axis. What is the centroid
and moment of inertia of this area with
respect to x and y axis?

Ans: (3, 6/5), Ix = 12.19, Iy = 51.2

THANK YOU &
GOD BLESS