Ecuaciones Diferenciales II Parcial

Mtodo de Laplace
1) Utilice el mtodo de las transformadas de Laplace para resolver el problema de valor
inicial dado. Aqu x, y, etc. denotan diferenciacin con respecto a t.
x'3x'+2 y = sent; x(0) = 0; 1

4x y' y = cos t; y(0) = 0; 2
Aplicando transformada de Laplace a las dos ecuaciones:
L [x'] -3 L [x ] +2 L [ y ] = L [sent ]
L [4x] - L [y'] - L [ y ] = L [cos t ]
1
5 x(s) x(0) 3x(s) + 2 y(s) = 2 ; 1 (4)(s 4
3) x(s ) 8 y(s ) = 2 ;
s +1 s +1
s
4x(s) sy(s) y(0) y(s) = ; s(s 3)
s2 +1 2 4(s 3) x(s) (s 3)(s + 1) y(s) = ;
s2 +1

1
(s 3) x(s) + 2 y(s) =
(4) 2
s +1

(s 3) s
4 x(s) (s + 1) y(s) = 2
s +1

Sumo 1 y 2, entonces se obtiene:

s 2 3s 4
[8 + (s 3)(s + 1)]y(s) =
s2 + 1
(s 4)(s+ 1)
[ ]
s 2 2s + 5 y(s) =
s2 + 1
2
(sm 3s 4) As+ B Cs+ D
y(s) = = +
(s 2s + 5)(s + 1)
2 2
s 2 2s + 5 s 2 + 1

s 2 3s 4 ( A + C)(s 3 ) + (B + D 2C)s 2 +( A 2D + 5C)s + (B + 5D)

=
(s 2 2s + 5)(s 2 + 1) (s 2 2s + 5)(s 2 + 1)

A+C =0 A = 11 /10;
BA+ D2D
2C = 1= 3 B = 1 / 2;
+ 5C
Resolviendo el sistema:
C = 11 /10;
B + 5D = 4 D = 7 /10;

11 1 11 7
s s

y(s) = 10 2 + 10 10
s 2 2s + 5 s2 + 1

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Roberto Cabrera V.