CHAP 2: OSHA IN MALAYSIA AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATION Factories and Machinery Act (FMA) SAFETY

Factories and Machinery Act (FMA) - HEALTH To prevent accidents due to use and handling of machines
To prevent disease due to excessive use and exposure to To provide a standard minimum requirement for the protection of workers
1. Lead 3. Mineral dust REQUIREMENTS
2. Asbestos 4. Noise 1. STEAM BOILER -Safety valves (2 or more) -Feed check valve
AND UNFIRED -Water gauges (2 pcs) -Inspector's test pressure gauge
Reducing exposure limits (Hierarchy of Hazard Control) PRESSURE -Feed pumps (2pcs) OR Feed attachment
VESSEL pump + injector -Fusible plug
Remove the hazard -Steam pressure gauge -Low-water alarm
-Blow down valve or cock -Low-water fuel cut-out
Replace the hazard
Increase Effectiveness

-Main steam stop valve -Manufacturer's name plate

2. PERSON IN -Certificate of Competency
Isolate worker from hazard CHARGE -Machines:
(1) Steam boiler (3) Internal combustion engine
Change the way people work (2)Steam engine (4) Dredge
(e.g. safe work procedure)
3. ELECTRIC -Design, construction, installation, testing
Protect workers PASSENGER AND o Lifts load and capacity
GOODS LIFT o Lift safety equipment
o Operation and control
APPLY TO CONTROL -Approval for lift installation
1. LEAD All factories processes that use -Respiratory protection equipment o Information and dimension of lift
lead EXCEPT -Mechanical ventilation and o Drawing showing design and location of lift
construction sites or works of recirculation of air o Certificate from manufacturer
engineering construction -Job rotation o Certificate of lift safety equipment test
2. ASBESTOS All manufacturing process that -Respiratory protective equipment o Certificate of wire rope
use asbestos EXCEPT -Exhaust equipment -Maintenance
cleaning of premise, equipment -Protective clothing o Inspect lifts every 3 months
and factory facilities -Proper housekeeping o Conduct and maintain maintenance record for each lift
-Change room, lockers, shower 4. FENCING OF -Fence every dangerous part of machines
facilities MACHINERY -Constantly maintained and kept securely fastened in position at
-Substitution AND SAFETY all times
3. MINERAL All factories where there are -Clothing covers the whole body 5. SAFETY, HEALTH -Floor: level, good, non-slippery condition, no holes
DUST processes using mineral dust -Gloves, hats, shoes AND WELFARE -Stairway: guard rail & handrail
**Sandblasting process can be -Face shields, goggle -Working at a height: safety belts or ropes
used ONLY with written -Hygiene facilities -Firefighting appliances: provided, maintained, accessible
approval from the Chief -Disposal of clothing and equipment -Ventilation: natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation
Inspector -Water spray -Temperature: cool the air, create adequate air movement (reduce
4. NOISE All factories involving exposure -Hearing protection device the body temperature of employee)
< 90 dB to excessive noise level (e.g. -Job rotation -Lighting: intensity of illumination >2 fc (foot-candles)
steel, chemical, palm oil mill, -Drinking water: provided and maintained, suitable drinking cups
textile factory) -First aid: injury must have immediate first-aid treatment
6. NOTIFICATION, - Notify machine installation: machine other than electric To Persons Other Than Their Employees
CERTIFICATES OF passenger and goods lifts Conduct activities that does not endanger and expose them (person other than
COMPETENCY -Notify accidents: report to an Inspector in case of accident employees) to safety & health risks
AND -Certificate of fitness for machine: steam boiler, unfired pressure Provide necessary information to them on the manner of his actions that might
INSPECTION vessel affect their safety or health
-Regular inspection: 15 36 months An Occupier of a Place of Work to Persons Other Than His Employees
7. BUILDING -Slipping Hazards: remove slippery footing caused by oil, grease Premise is made available to use by the other person
OPERATION -Dust and Gases: controlled by ventilation Any material provided for use there is safe and without risk to health
AND WORKS OF -Corrosive Substances: store alkalis, acid, toxic, hazardous Penalty
ENGINEERING substances, provide suitable PPE RM 50, 000 max or
CONSTRUCTION -Protective Apparel: safety helmet, waterproof boots, safety vest Imprisonment 2 years max or both
-Disposal of Debris: method that will not endanger persons
2. DUTIES OF DESIGNERS, MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS
OSH Act 1994 Plant
To promote and encourage occupational safety and health Plant is of safe design and construction and without risk to health when properly
To secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against risks used
Apply to sectors: Arrange/carry out necessary test/examination
1. Manufacturing 8. Wholesale and Provision of adequate information of plant
Sector Retail Trades Substances
2. Mining and 9. Hotel and Substance is of safe and without risk to health when properly used
Quarrying Restaurant Arrange/carry out necessary test/examination
3. Construction 10. Finance Provision of adequate information of substances
4. Agriculture 11. Insurance Penalty
5. Forestry and 12. Real Estate and
RM20,000 max
Fishing Business
Imprisonment 2 years max or both
6. Utilities Service Sector
7. Storage and 13. Public Services
3. DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES
Comm
General
Reasonable care for safety and health of himself and others;
1. DUTIES OF EMPLOYER AND SELF-EMPLOYED PERSONS (>5 EMPLOYEES)
Cooperate with employer and others;
General
Wear and use PPE
Ensure practice of the safety, health and welfare at work
Comply with instructions on OSH
Provide and maintain working environment that is safe and without health risks
Not to Interfere with Or Misuse Things Provided
Ensure safety of worker and absence of risk during operation, handling, storage
Dont intentionally, recklessly or negligently interferes with or misuses anything
and transport of plant and substances
provided
Provide information, instruction, training and supervision
Discrimination
Provide adequate facilities for workers welfare at work
Employer cant dismiss, injure employee or alter his position unless he complaints
Formulate Safety & Health Policy
Prepare a written general OSH Policy (revise when appropriate)
Acknowledge his/her employees on any revision of the policy
OSHA Regulations 3. NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENT, DANGEROUS OCCURRENCE, OCCUPATIONAL
1. CLASSIFICATION, LABELLING AND SAFETY DATA SHEET OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS POISONING AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE
2. CLASSIFICATION, PACKAGING AND LABELLING OF HAZARDOUS' CHEMICALS
Serious injury
Duties of Supplier Notify Send report
(cant work more
To Classify Chemicals DOSH within 7days
than 4 days)
To Ensure Chemicals Supplied in Good Packaging
To Label Packages
To Furnish Chemical Safety Datasheet
Notify Poisoning/
Death
Director Sick
Chemical Classification

4. USE AND STANDARDS OF EXPOSURE OF CHEMICALS HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH

Register of chemicals hazardous to health (employer identify and record)
Exposure does not exceed 8 hours
Follow permissible exposure limit
Control the exposure
o Eliminate o Safe work o Modify process parameters
o Substitute practices o Local exhaust ventilation
o Enclosure o Approved PPE
Label & Re-labelling, Chemical Safety Data Sheet
Information, instruction and training
Supervision
Labelling Exposure monitoring
Warning sign

5. SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER

Purpose of Regulation
To provide legal framework for registration & notification of Safety & Health
Officer
To lay down duties of SHO

Duties of Safety and Health Officer (SHO)

Packaging seal properly To advise employer on safety and health
Safety Data Sheet To inspect place of work to determine any hazard liable to cause bodily injury
To investigate any accident, near miss, dangerous occurrence, poisoning or disease
To assist employer or S&H committee in organising and implementing OSH
programme &inspections
To collect, analyse & maintain statistics
To assist any officer in carrying his duty under the act and regulations
To carry out any other instruction made by the employer on safety & health at
workplace matter
 SHO Qualification Functions
Diploma in OSH or equivalent approved by Minister Assist in development of rules and systems
Completed a course of training in OSH & passed any examination or equivalent Assist in development and review of programmes
approved by Minister & has minimum 3 years experience in OSH Perform analysis of incident trends and statistic
(SHO Course conducted by NIOSH is one of the approved course) Review and recommend amendments to safety and health policy
Been working in OSH for at least 10 years Perform inspections and recommend preventive measures
Holds other qualification or has received training as prescribed by Minister Perform immediate investigation of accidents and recommend corrective measure
Investigate complains of unsafe practices and recommend corrective measure
Difference Site Safety Supervisor (SSS) & Safety and Health Officer (SHO) Assist in development of promotional and education programmes
Site Safety Supervisor (SSS) Safety and Health Officer (SHO) Discuss reports and matters from safety officer, enforcement officers, etc
Comply to FMA Comply to OSHA Advise employer on safety and health matters
Appointed by the main contractor Appointed by occupier/employer
Helps the main contractor to meet the Total project cost >RM20 million 7. CONTROL OF INDUSTRIAL MAJOR ACCIDENT HAZARDS
requirements of FMA Helps the occupier/ employer to meet Identification and notification of an industrial activity and changes
Promote the safe conduct of work the requirements of OSHA Demonstration of safe operation for non-major hazard installation
generally within the worksite Promote safe conduct of work at the Registration of competent person
place of work Report on industrial activity.
On-site emergency plan keep updating
6. SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE Notification of major accident
A group of responsible people committed in their all-out effort to provide a safe and Penalty
healthy workplace

Objective
To promote consultation and cooperation between management and workers in
upgrading safety & health at work
To provide a two-way communication channel for dissemination of information on
safety & health issues
To enhance interest and motivation of all groups of management and workers at
workplace of work in safety & health
EMPLOYERS EMPLOYEES
CHAIRMAN SECRETARY
REPRESENTATIVES REPRESENTATIVES
Employer or his Safety and health Division managers Representatives
authorised officer / directors from various
manager Sections section
supervisors