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i. Which possible types of motion following a disturbance do you know?

Damped oscillation

Divergent oscillation

Undamped oscillation

Subsidence

Divergence

Neutral stability

ii. Criteria for longitudinal stability

The change in the angle of attack of the airplane could be due to:

the airplane encountering a vertical gust of velocity (Vgu)

the pilot deflecting the elevator by asmall angle


Then it should produce Mcg such that the airplane returns to the original angle of attack in other

words a disturbance which causes positive , should result in negative Mcg

(dMcg / d) or (dCmcg / d) < 0 Explain


effect of downwash from wing on angle of attack of tail

While producing lift a wing induces an upwash and downwash. Behind the wing at distances

where the tail is located, the downwash angle (fb) is approximately twice of c/4.

Tail may be in the wake of the wing. If the tail lies within the wake of the wing, then

the dynamic pressure on the tail will be lower than the free stream dynamic pressure.
iii. Explain limitation of cg
iv. Advantage/disadvantage of canard on longitudinal stability

When the horizontal stabilizer is behind the wing it is called conventional tail configuration.

The lift produced by the wing has not only to balance the airplane weight but also the

negative lift on the tail.

If a control surface is located ahead of the wing it is called canard. A canard, being ahead of

c.g., has destabilizing contribution to Cm. airplanes which neither have a horizontal tail nor

a canard surface is called Tailless configuration


v. Difference between stick fixed and stick free regarding longitudinal stability
vi. describe contribution of swept wing to directional stability
vii. Explain dihedral effect
Static directional stability
viii. What is rudder lock?
ix. Explain short and long period oscillations
x. Explain Lancaster model
xi. Moments about hinges

xii. Static margins


xiii. Small perturbation
Dutch Roll

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