PLEDGE (Arts.

2085-2123)
a. Common provisions governing pledge and mortgage
b. Distinctions between pledge and real mortgage
c. Provsions applicable only to pledge
d. What is the liability of pawnshops in not insuring the jewelries against fire and
burglary? (Sondayon v. P.J. Lhuiler, Inc, 547 SCRA 16) FORTUNATO
e. Pactum Commisorium. Reason for prohibition.
i. Lumayag v. Heirs of Jacinto (GR No. 162112 July 3, 2007) SOKOKEN
ii. Yau Chu v. CA, GR No. L-78519, 1989
iii. Sps. Ong v. Roban Lending Corporation (GR No. 172592, 2008) MALIAMAN
f. Foreclosure of Pledge
V. REAL MORTGAGE (Art. 2124-2131, Bar Exam Syllabus Include: Act 3135, as
amended by R.A. No. 4118)
a. Definition. Characteristics
b. REM v. Sale with a right to repurchase
c. Effect of Mortgage
i. Pactum Commossorium stipulation
ii. Equitable Mortgage
d. Nature of a Mortgage Contract; Coverage
i. PNB v. Sps Tajonera (GR No. 195889, Sept. 24, 2014) DOMINGO
e. Inclusion of Improvements in REM
i. Midway Maritime v. Marissa Castro et. al (GR No. 189061 Aug. 6, 2014)
JUANITEZ
f. Error in Notice of Sale, Belated Objection
i. BPI v. Sps Castro (GR No. 195272, January 14, 2014) NAY-UD
g. Notice of Sale or mortgaged property must be published
i. Atty. Leo Caubang v. Crisologo (GR No. 174581 Feb. 4, 2015) MADANOM
h. May a mortgagee of a property sell the property mortgaged?
i. Reyes v. de Leon (126 Phil. 710, 716, [1967]) LAGAO
ii. Homeowners Savings v. Felonia (GR No. 189477 Feb. 26, 2014) PENA
i. May a mortgagor sell the property mortgage without the consent of the
mortgagee?
i. Teoco v. Metrobank (GR No. 162333 Dec. 23, 2008) CHONGAEL
ii. Cinco v. CA (GR No. 151903 Oct. 9, 2009) FLORES
iii. Sps. Antonio v. SSS (GR No. 181672 Sept. 20, 2010) EMING
j. Accomodation Mortgagor. Nature, Effects and Rights.
i. Sps. Sierra v. PAIC Savings (GR No. 197857 Sept. 10, 2014) NICOLAS
k. Concept of Blanket Mortgage Clause or Dragnet Clause
i. Mojica v. CA (GR No. 94247) ORYAN
ii. China Banking v. CA 333 Phil 158 [1996] GUIMBUNGAN
l. Effect of Forged SPA
i. Rural Bank v Melecio-Yap (GR No. 178451, 2014) LAWANGEN
m. Stipulation Forbidding Alienation of Mortgaged Property
n. Foreclosure of Mortgage
o. When Foreclosure may be annulled
i. Anchor Savings Bank v. Pinzman Realty (GR No. 192304, Aug. 13, 2014) BUENO
p. May the mortgagor whose property was foreclosed rightfully take possession of
the mortgaged property even if he was not the actual buyer at the public
auction?
i. Sps. Gatuslao v. Yanson (GR No. 191540, 2015)LEO
q. Redemption. An action to foreclose must be limited to the amount mentioned in the
mortgage
i. Sps. Guevarra v. The Commoner Lending (GR No. 204672, Feb. 18, 2015) MILO
ii. Exception?: continuing guaranty (Bank of Commerce v. Flores (GR No.
174006 Dec. 8, 2010) MACLI-ING

r. Mortgagors Right to the excess in the proceeds of foreclosure sale

s. Kinds of Redemption
i. Requisites of Valid Redemption
t. Effect of Failure to Redeem
i. Cabiling v. Tan (GR No. 196950, June 18, 2014) FORTUNATO
u. Writ of Possession
v. Remedy of Terceria