Dyeing method & characteristics of natural dyestuffs.

In recent years, synthetic fiber and synthetic dyes have caused some people allergic skin possible. The
international off a hot return to nature. Natural dyes are non-toxic,

In recent years, synthetic fiber and synthetic dyes have caused some people allergic skin possible.
The international off a hot return to nature. Natural dyes are non-toxic, harmless, non-polluting
and make a comeback. Natural dyes mineral dyes, animal fuels and vegetable dyes, fabric dye as
the main body. Plant dyes features: In addition to the hue naturally, some plants such as madder,
indigo, turmeric dyed fabrics as well as pest control and sterilization, regret and fun with
vegetable dyes dyed color, natural fragrance, natural appreciated by some consumers.

The vegetable dyes should be application characteristics can be classified as follows: (1) the
natural pigment of water have higher solubility, can be adsorbed by the fiber, such as yellow tiller
(berberine); (2) the natural pigment of the water solubility,

The vegetable dyes should be application characteristics can be classified as follows: (1) the
natural pigment of water have higher solubility, can be adsorbed by the fiber, but in order to
improve the firmness mordant such as sumac (Hustin dihydro fisetin) Su Fang, carmine (carminic
acid); natural pigment of (3) is almost insoluble in water, with sugar dissolved in water, fiber
adsorption, fixation after mordant, such as green thatched, gardenia (Crocetin, reservoir acid),
cassia, cedar, plum; (4) the natural pigment of the water solubility small chelate coordination
sites, thus forming a coordination bond with the first mordant metal ions adsorbed on the fiber
fixing, such as purple Turf, alizarin; (5) Dye in plants has become a form exists in front of the
natural pigment, the pigment in the formation of insoluble fibers in the dyeing process, such as
indigo, purple shellfish, 6,6 '- dibromo-indigo; (6 pyrogallol Tannin) The use of the different
solubility of the acid or alkali, so that the solid adsorbed on the fiber, such as saffron, turmeric;
(7) adsorbed tannins after the color development after mordanting solid tannins are divided into
Department and Department of catechol two categories.

Natural dyes sufficiently dyeing protein fibers such as silk and wool, and exhibit a variety of
hues, but in order to improve the fastness ships mordanting method. Natural dyes for cellulose
fibers such as cotton, linen, dyeing rate is very low, generally repeated mordant dyeing. The
history of Japan, lye, iron syrup and alum mordant. Take safflower dyeing lye is an alkali agent,
for example, because co-exist in the safflower yellow pigment hidden in the the safflower yellow
water extracted with lye pigment dissolution. However, the fiber is hard to occur in the lye
adsorption, therefore, to acetic acid was added to make it acidic, the precipitated dye, dyeing
fibers inputs. The iron slurry dark brown liquid. Its main component is iron acetate. The role of
iron slurry is formed by means of a ferric ion complexing liquid. Such as reaction with tannin, the
resulting composition of the complex black tannin. Focus phenolic tannins than the catechol
system provides more black black. Of course, no matter what kind of natural dyes, once mordant
is not black, you must go through repeated dyeing. However, iron syrup or other iron salts
mordant fiber, with the passage of time would be subjected to damage. Alum potassium alum,
aluminum sulfate and potassium sulfate double salt. When used as a mordant, by means of an
aluminum ion to ligand binding. The aluminum ion is typical of metal ions capable of forming a
stable six-coordinate complexes. Aluminum ions is typical of metal ions capable of forming a
fairly stable 6-ligand complexes, but because it is the outer rail type complex, compared to
migration of metal ions such as iron ions and chromium ions are formed in the inner rail type
network weaker complexes, in turn, mordant dyeing phase change is small, bright colors and
excellent features. Such as Japan someone with alizarin staining, aluminum mordant, making
bright red, good fastness. Implementation of mud stained, long time. It is the composition of iron
in the mud by composition of the aluminum mordant, showing location of the mud unique hue.

Traditional natural dyes: (1) the configuration of the dye; chopped bark, trunk, roots, leaves and
other plant into a container of water, heat cook for 20-30min, extraction dextrose. This method
has been repeated several times, extract dextrose, for the preparation of dye. (2) boiling dyeing:
heating the above-described dye, the immersed yarn or fabric. (3) mordant: cook after
transfection, the rotation of the dye until the cooling, but mordant. Mordant as the requirements
of color, the use of aluminum-containing, copper, iron, tin and other chemicals. Cook-dyed yarn
and fabric impregnated with these mordant liquid mordant about 30min after washing.

Above first staining after mordant Law. After the first dyeing mordant rule is to mordant, and
then stained. Order: mordant washing dyeing washing drying. No staining mordant
law or mordant before staining, visual need to be repeated one or several times. Mordant before
staining staining concentration. First after dyeing mordant law uniformity. In general, compared
with silk, wool and natural dyes on cotton, hemp dyeability poor.

For instance of saffron staining; dyeing weight Safflower about 2 times the weight of dye was
placed in a cotton bag, and immersed in water. Yellow pigment was extracted by weight safflower
cake 8% by weight of sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, dissolved in water at about 2520
times, adding. At room temperature, the red pigment fully dissolved, the the eluate pH value of
10 or so. It prepared for the dye bath, put a silk cord or silk. Heating in the dye bath is equivalent
to prune juice or vinegar acidity of dilute acid, slightly acidic dye bath, the dissolution of red
pigment silk adsorption