MCQ

3. (B) the case involves a purely administrative matter

4. (B) fiscal autonomy

Test 2

2. This case partially abandoned the rulings in Ang Bagong Bayani vs COMELEC and BANAT
vs COMELEC. In qualifying party-lists, the COMELEC must use the following parameters:
a) Three different groups may participate in the party-list system: (1) national parties or
organizations, (2) regional parties or organizations, and (3) sectoral parties or
organizations.
b) National parties or organizations and regional parties or organizations do not need to
organize along sectoral lines and do not need to represent any marginalized and
underrepresented sector.
c) Political parties can participate in party-list elections provided they register under the
party-list system and do not field candidates in legislative district elections. A political
party, whether major or not, that fields candidates in legislative district elections can
participate in party-list elections only through its sectoral wing that can separately
register under the party-list system. The sectoral wing is by itself an independent sectoral
party, and is linked to a political party through a coalition.
d) Sectoral parties or organizations may either be marginalized and underrepresented or
lacking in well-defined political constituencies. It is enough that their principal
advocacy pertains to the special interest and concerns of their sector. The sectors that are
marginalized and underrepresented include labor, peasant, fisherfolk, urban poor,
indigenous cultural communities, handicapped, veterans, and overseas workers. The
sectors that lack well-defined political constituencies include professionals, the elderly,
women, and the youth.
e) A majority of the members of sectoral parties or organizations that represent the
marginalized and underrepresented must belong to the marginalized and
underrepresented sector they represent. Similarly, a majority of the members of sectoral
parties or organizations that lack well-defined political constituencies must belong to
the sector they represent. The nominees of sectoral parties or organizations that represent
the marginalized and underrepresented, or that represent those who lack well-defined
political constituencies, either must belong to their respective sectors, or must have a
track record of advocacy for their respective sectors. The nominees of national and
regional parties or organizations must be bona-fide members of such parties or
organizations.
f) National, regional, and sectoral parties or organizations shall not be disqualified if some
of their nominees are disqualified, provided that they have at least one nominee who
remains qualified.

9. (a) Stop and Frisk - Where a police officer observes unusual conduct which leads him
reasonably to conclude in light of his experience that criminal activity may be afoot and that the
person with whom he is dealing may be armed and that the person with whom he is dealing may
be armed and presently dangerous, where in the course of investigation of this behavior he
identifies himself as a policeman and makes reasonable inquiries, and where nothing in the initial
stages of the encounter serves to dispel his reasonable fear for his own or others safety, he is
entitled for the protection of himself and others in the area to conduct a carefully limited search
of the outer clothing of such person in an attempt to discover weapons which might be used to
assault him

(b) Exigent and Emergency Circumstances - circumstances that would cause a reasonable person
to believe that entry (or other relevant prompt action) was necessary to prevent physical harm to
the officers or other persons, the destruction of relevant evidence, the escape of a suspect, or
some other consequence improperly frustrating legitimate law enforcement efforts

Test 3

2. No, excepted from the coverage of the disciplinary authority of the Ombudsman is the
Judiciary.

14. The tarpaulins are not election propaganda. This act of the Bishop is covered by the
constitutional guarantee on freedom of expression. No unreasonable restrictions of the
fundamental and preferred right to expression of the electorate during political contests no matter
how seemingly benign will be tolerated. There is no compelling and substantial state interest
endangered by the posting of the tarpaulin as to justify curtailment of the right of freedom of
expression. There is no reason for the state to minimize the right of non-candidate petitioners to
post the tarpaulin in their private property. Diocese of Bacolod vs. COMELEC (2015)