FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

JOHOR (KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG) LABORATORY MANUAL

COURSE SURVEYING

COURSE CODE ECG345

LEVEL OF OPENNESS 0

CATEGORY FULLY OPEN ENDED

DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%) 100

PERIOD OF ACTIVITY 2 WEEKS ( WEEK 03 - 04)

TITLE CONTOURING: CUT AND FILL FOR EARTHWORKS

Introduction
The traditional methods of conducting laboratory activities (assigned as
Level 0) will not be able to provide the avenue for students to enhance
independent learning activities and inculcate creativity and innovation. The
traditional method is fully prescriptive where the three elements, namely
problem, ways & means and answers are guided/fully given to the students.
However, it is still necessary to be implemented as part of the whole
laboratory course activity, especially to first and second year students.

A contour may be defined as an imaginary line passing through points of equal

elevation. In other mean, contour line may also be defined as the intersection
of a level surface with the surface of the earth. Some of the engineering uses
PREAMBLE of contour are:
i. Giving proper and precise location of engineering work such as roads
and canals can be decided with the help of a contour map
ii. Planning and designing of dams, reservoirs, aqueducts, transmission
lines and etc

Objectives
The objective of this laboratory is to determine and plot contour and
calculate volumes for earthwork

Learning Outcomes
Throughout this practical activities, the students should be able to:
1.1 Form effective teamwork,
1.1 Form effective effectively
1.2 Communicate teamwork,through laboratory reports and
1.2 oral
Communicate
communication,effectively through laboratory reports and
1.3 oral
Use communication,
of critical thinking in solving problems related to survey data
1.3 Calculate
1.4 Use of critical thinking
Reduced in solving
Level problems
(RL) using related
Rise and to survey
Fall and Heightdata
of
1.4 Collimation
Calculate Reduced
Method Level (RL) using Rise and Fall and Height of
Collimation
1.5 Produce Method and cross sectional profile with suitable scale
longitudinal
1.5 Arrange
1.6 Producethelongitudinal
reduced level
and cross
data tosectional
plot the profile
cross sectional
with suitable
according
scale
toArrange
suitablethe
scale
reduced level data to plot the cross sectional according
to suitable scale
FKA, UITM PASIR GUDANG SEPT 2017 JAN 2018
 FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
JOHOR (KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG) LABORATORY MANUAL
.

Problem

A new residential area will be built on a piece of land in Bandar Seri

Alam. A contouring survey needs to be done in order to estimate the
cut and fill for the earthwork. The existing level have to be determined
by assuming the Benchmark (BM) at point A is 108.7 m. The proposed
level for the construction base is 106.00m. This method is ideal on non-
obstacles land, especially on comparatively small sites. Squares of 5 x
5 m size are set out (according to the accuracy required) in the form of
a grid and level is taken at the corners. Using volume from spot levels
method, calculate the volumes of cut and fill for earthwork.

5m

PROBLEM
STATEMENT

5m

FKA, UITM PASIR GUDANG SEPT 2017 JAN 2018

 FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
JOHOR (KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG) LABORATORY MANUAL

Equipments
1. Auto Level
2. Tripod
3. Leveling Staff
4. Bubble level
WAYS & MEANS 5. Measurement tape

Procedure
1. Set out the contour of particular sites (25m x 25m) using the grid
method with the square of 5m x 5m size.
2. Set up the auto level at a point where every leveling point or as
much as leveling points can be observed.
3. Sited the first staff on the benchmark (BM) with the reduced level (RL)
106.00 m, at point A1.
4. Point the auto level to the sited staff and take the leveling reading.
For first staff, the reading is recorded as back-sight (BS) and then
the readings of other staff positioned are noted as intermediate-sight
(IS) until the last point noted as foresight (FS) where the instrument
is then shifted to another point. This last point is also known as
change point (CP).
5. The instrument is then shifted to the next point if the auto level
cannot observe all leveling points at the particular site.
6. Repeat steps (2),(3) and (4) until every leveling point are observed.
The first reading for the next setup will be started at the fore sight
point from the previous reading and will be recorded as back sight
(BS).

Data Acquisition
The data obtained from the observation will be tabulated in the table to
perform the leveling reading for each point using Rise and Fall method
or Height of Collimation method. The contour line will be projected using
the grid method and the volumes cut or fill for earthwork will be
calculated.

Results, Analysis and Conclusion

The group is required to submit the technical report of the
surveying practical results highlighting the equipment used,
the procedures undertaken for the practical, data acquisition process,
RESULTS analysis carried out and the relevancy of the set-out output to address
the given problem. The format of the technical report is left to the
creativity discretion of the group.

The report must be submitted on week 05

FKA, UITM PASIR GUDANG SEPT 2017 JAN 2018

 FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
JOHOR (KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG) LABORATORY MANUAL

FKA, UITM PASIR GUDANG SEPT 2017 JAN 2018