UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY

SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
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Chapter 3

METHODS AND PROCEDURES

This Chapter presents the methods and procedures,

sampling technique, the measuring instrument, the data

gathering procedure and the statistical tools that were

used in this study.

Research Design

The study will employ the Descriptive Method since it

deals on the role of the PNP in prevention of crime in the

Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan. According to Henry (1997),

descriptive studies are purposive processes of gathering,

analyzing, classifying and tabulating data about prevailing

conditions, practices, processes, trends and cause-effect

relationships and then making adequate and accurate

interpretation about such data with or without the aid of

statistical tool.

The researchers will also make use of the

correlational research since it correlates variables

between the assessments of the police respondents on the

role of the PNP in prevention of crime and their profile

variables.
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SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
30
Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study are the PNP personnel of

Baggao Police Station, Brgy Captains/Officials and

community residents to be selected among the professional,

business, transport, farmers, clergy and other professions

in the selected barangays, namely; San Jose, Bitag Grande,

Bitag Pequeño, Bagunot and Poblacion Centro, all barangays

of Baggao, Cagayan.

Table 1

Distribution of the Respondents

Respondents F %
PNP 21 13.04
Brgy Officials 40 24.84
Community Residents 100 62.11
Total 161 100.00

Data Gathering Tool

The study will make use of a survey questionnaire

checklist as a data gathering tool since it deals on the

role of the PNP in prevention of crime in the Municipality

of Baggao, Cagayan.

The survey questionnaire which was patterned to the

study of Recolizado (2016) entitled “ROLE OF BARANGAY

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SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
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OFFICIALS IN THE MAINTENANCE OF PEACE AND ORDER” and was

revised to suit the study.

to be answered by two groups of respondents will be

divided into three (3) sections.

Section 1 contains the profile of the PNP respondents.

Section 2 contains the role of the PNP in prevention of

crime in the Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan. Last section

contains the problems encountered by the PNP on crime

prevention program.

A 3-point scale will be employed for the purpose of

determining the degree of responses of the respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will make use of different procedures

in gathering the necessary data for the study.

The researchers will write a letter of permission

address to Dean of School of Criminology, UVC and to

prepare a letter to Mayor of Baggao, Cagayan to be noted by

the Department Dean for the conduct of the study.

Prior to the actual survey, the respondents will be

given letter of consent about the survey to inform the

respondents about the confidentiality of the study and ask

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SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
32
voluntarily to join the survey. The selected respondents

will be given questionnaire individually.

During the actual survey, respondents will be given

enough time to answer intelligently and carefully the

survey questionnaire. They will be also guaranteed of the

utmost confidentiality of their responses.

After retrieval of the questionnaires, the responses

of the respondents will be recorded, tallied, collated and

finally to review with the help and assistance by a

Statistician preparatory to proper presentation,

appropriate analysis and interpretation.

Statistical Tool

The data to be obtained on the profile of the

respondents will be analyzed using the frequency count and

percentage distribution.

The data to be obtained on the assessments of the two

groups of respondents on the role of the PNP in prevention

of crime in the Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan will be

analyzed using weighted mean. Weighted mean will be further

interpreted using the 3-point scale below.

Numerical Value Range Descriptive Scale

3 2.34 -3.00 Always

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SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
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2 1.67 – 2.33 Sometimes
1 1.0 - 1.66 Never

The data on the problems encountered by the PNP on

crime prevention program will be analyzed using weighted

mean. Weighted mean will be further interpreted using the

3-point scale below.

Numerical Value Range Descriptive Scale

3 2.34 -3.00 Serious Problem

2 1.67 – 2.33 Problem
1 1.0 - 1.66 Not a problem

Furthermore, t-test will be used to compare means

between the assessments of the two groups of respondents on

the role of the PNP in prevention of crime in the

Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan relative to the above

dimensions.

Pearson r will be used to correlate the assessment of

the police-respondents on the role of the PNP in prevention

of crime in the Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan relative to

the above dimensions and their profile variables.