Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Daniel MEYER
Managing Director
News p 09
Events p 11
Tools p 11
2 Spring 2003
Oxygen for cleaner Energy
In January 2003, CRYOSTAR delivered a major order for expansion turbines and process
pumps to L’Air Liquide, Champigny, France. These machines are required to equip the
largest Air Liquefaction plant ever constructed, which will be built for the SASOL
petrochemical company, in South Africa.
H igh efficiency 500kW These huge volumes of oxygen Natural gas can be delivered to
saving 1MW. are required by Sasol in their the market in two forms : gas or
process to convert methane gas liquid.
CRYOSTAR’s supply included: into liquid. Natural gas currently represents
> Vertical Multistage Pumps around 18% of the world energy
> Modular Centrifugal Pumps It is interesting to note that two supply and is the fastest growing
> Liquid Turbine of CRYOSTAR’s main market energy source today.
> Generator Loaded Turbine segments - the industrial air gas The energy potential of natural
and the LNG/hydrocarbon indus- gas can be delivered to the market
The 3’500 ton/day Air Separation tries are involved in this project. as a gas or a liquid.
Unit (ASU) feeds large quantities CRYOSTAR’s unique product For delivery of gas to the market,
of oxygen to the Sasol petro- portfolio allows it to overcome three options exist: directly via
chemical plant in South Africa. the challenges of managing energy pipeline, liquefied natural gas
Our high efficiency gas expansion in this natural gas process. (LNG) or compressed natural gas
turbine, with a cold production (CNG).
exceeding 500kW, together with
Flow Pressure
a liquid expansion turbine,
reduces the plant’s overall V P 4 / 310 / 7L 1 ’ 15 0 l / m i n 41 b a r a
power consumption by over
1MW. In addition, high-duty V P 3 / 310 / 6 , 5L 752 l / min 40 bara
process pumps further improve
MCP 400 /20L 3’370 l / min 4 bara
the overall plant efficiency.
M C P 15 5 / 4 , 5 L 73 l / min 3 bara
Spring 2003 3
OXYGEN FOR CLEANER ENERGY
CRYOSTAR also supplies equip- the gas into different liquids at direct GTL, which consists
ment for the handling of LNG. ambient temperature. of Pyrolysis, Clorination and
Gas liquefied at the production
Transportation of GTL products, Oxidative Coupling of methane,
site, is then transported in large
methane tankers to the consum- due to their ambient temperatures, or Direct Oxidation of methane
er countries. CRYOSTAR equips is much easier than that of very to methanol. These methods
these methane vessels with Boil- cold LNG. are still considered very energy
off gas compressors, vaporisers
and heaters allowing, them to intensive, and are not used in the
feed the vaporised LNG (Boil-off) The tanks and vessels contain- Sasol process.
to the ships engine, as propulsion ing the GTL liquids do not
energy.
require special insulation to avoid The second technology route has
vaporisation, as do those for two options. The first called POX
Let us now consider the second the LNG. There are no product (Partial Oxidation of LNG) is
way to bring natural gas to the losses between production and used by Shell for the Bintulu Plant
market, liquid product distribu- utilisation. Furthermore, these in Malaysia, where Air Liquide
tion, which was chosen by Sasol GTL liquids can be considered as also provided the ASU, equipped
for their Gas-to-liquids (GTL) final products, such as Gasoline, with CRYOSTAR machines.
technology. Diesel or chemical products like The second option (used by
Ethylene, etc. No additional Sasol) called ATR (Auto Thermal
GTL: a high-ranking alterna- refining processes are required in Reformer), using a steam-reform-
tive to LNG. the consumer countries. A clean ing step to create a synthesis gas
First, we have to understand product is imported to the user CO: H2 (ratio 2-1). Thereafter,
why GTL technology exists, is country and this has a significant the Fisher-Tropsch (FT) reaction
developing, and can be considered impact on the reduction of the is used, to transform the synthesis
as a strong alternative to regular pollution normally caused by gas into paraffinic hydrocarbons.
LNG and the oil industry. refining processes.
Natural gas is liquefied using a Natural gas therefore, has a real Current World
physical process, by cooling down future, and will certainly compete Energy supply
the extracted pressurised gas, more heavily with oil, which
1% 18%
resulting in a cryogenic liquid represents close to 43% of the 43%
(LNG) at a very low temperature current world energy supply.
of -160°C (-265°F).
GTL, however, is produced by More about the technology
a chemical process, and various There are two major GTL
methods are used to transform technologies. The so-called
25%
2% 11%
GTL Gas to Liquids Process
Coal Hydro Other
Gas Nuclear Oil
4 Spring 2003
OXYGEN FOR CLEANER ENERGY
Typically, FT plants produce should be considered as a main Qatar has the world’s third
about 25% gaseous products. source of energy. largest gas reserves, after Russia
Part of this is recycled as feed to and Iran.
the synthesis gas generation. The Future developments
propane and butane produced is The next project for a new plant, The markets that could absorb
liquefied and exported as LPG. which will be built by Qatar those products are Singapore,
The remaining 75% liquid prod- Petroleum and Sasol, confirms Japan and Europe.
ucts are split into gasoil, kerosene this positive trend. The ASU needed to fulfil the ox-
and tops/naphta. The gasoil is This new plant, called Oryx GTL ygen requirements for the plant,
sold as diesel. Kerosene is used as Limited, in northern Qatar, is to will be double the size of the first
aircraft fuel, with the naphta/tops be built by French-based engineer- one for Sasol South Africa, with a
product being used as feedstock ing company, Technip-Coflexip. daily production of 7’000 tons.
for ethylene plants.
The GTL solution has some The project, which jointly owned
These mega-projects represent
clear advantages concerning by Qatar Petroleum (51%) and a challenging new opportu-
environment protection and the Sasol (49%), will be operational in nity for CRYOSTAR to show
quality and diversity of the final 2005. Nearly 10 million m3 of gas its expertise and competence in
products. will be used daily to providing the required special
turbines and pumps.
Spring 2003 5
CUSTOMERS
6 Spring 2003
BUSINESS CENTRES
Spring 2003 7
TECHNICAL
CRYOSTAR Turbines
for Processing Industries
Turbines for Hydrocarbon
Processing
F or more than 30 years for NGL recovery, olefin plants, PDM, outsourcing & supply
CRYOSTAR is a man- LNG production, pipeline gas management, automated data
ufacturer of expansion tur- dew point control and H2/CO acquisition, ADRE vibration
bines for hydrocarbon and processing. analysis, etc.
air gas industries. As a world The Pioneer technology role of
class manufacturer CRYO- Lube oil and seal gas CRYOSTAR in turboexpander
STAR is the preferred suppli- systems industry is underscored by:
er of turbines for hydrocar- To fulfil the Oil & Gas industry > High pressure (185 bars)
bon gas processing for many requirements the CRYOSTAR turboexpander for natural
engineering companies and lube oil and seal gas systems gas processing with API 614
end users for the Oil & Gas follows the API 614 and API 617 pressurized lube oil system
industry. This was confirmed Standards. Pressurized, drainer built in 1976
by the recent supply of 8 large and atmospheric lube oil systems > First turboexpander world-
turboexpanders to Linde and are utilized for hydrocarbon tur- wide with magnetic bear
12 HC turboexpanders for bines and are built completely in ings for air separation indus-
other customers which are to stainless steel execution, to cope try - prototype built in 1982
be delivered in the year 2003. with the harsh environmental > First turboexpander with
conditions in refineries. magnetic bearings for natu-
The CRYOSTAR hydrocarbon ral gas processing ordered in
expansion turbines are very Engineering and 1989
robust, reliable and highly Technology
efficient machines built to latest Testing
API 617 Standards. The achieved Full in house engineering During the last decade CRYOSTAR
isentropic efficiency level of up capability and expertise enable invested more than 3 Mio € in
to 92% is outstanding in the fast reaction to the market and modern and state of the art
industry and it documents the customers requirements. State of turbine test facility and data
30 years experience gained in the art design, manufacturing acquisition system with on line
aerodymanic wheel and nozzles and testing tools are utilized: performance visualization. The
design. The turboexpanders are CAD/CAM, FEA, CFD, aero- testing of HC turbines follows the
utilized for cryogenic gas process- dynamic, rotordynamic and recognized ASME PTC 10 Code.
ing, i.g. for: natural gas plants stress analysis computer tools,
8 Spring 2003
TECHNICAL
TC 600 12000 50 - 80 16 - 24 20 - 36
News
New Test Stand at CRYOSTAR Automation
Spring 2003 9
PRODUCTS
10 Spring 2003
EVENTS & TOOLS
Events
June 1-5, 2003
October 19-22, 2003
22nd World Gas Conference,
Tokyo, Japan. Arab oil and gas Show, Airport
For more details: expo Dubai, Dubai, United
www.wgc2003.com Arabes Emirates.
For more details:
August 26-28, 2003 www.araboilgas.com
18th Industrial Gases Producers
and consumers, Sao Paulo,
November 12-14, 2003
Brazil.
5th China International
September 9-11, 2003 Exhibition on Gases Technol-
ogy, Equipment and Application,
EXPOGAZ 2003, The 26th
Guangzhou Jinghan Exhibition
International Gas Exhibition,
Center, Guangzhou, China.
Congress Hall at Porte Maillot,
Paris, France.
Pounds (Lb) Kilograms (KG) Cubic Feet (SCF) Cubic Meters (Nm3) Gallons (Gal) Liters (L)
Oxygen
Nitrogen
SCF (Standard Cubic Foot) gas measured at 1 atmosphere and 70°F. Nm3 (normal cubic meter) measured at 1 atmosphere and 0°C.
Liquid measured at 1 atmosphere and boiling temperature. All values rounded to nearest 4/5 significant numbers.
Spring 2003 11
© CRYOSTAR - all rights reserved
Contact: magazine@cryostar.com
www.cryostar.com