ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL SYSTEM

System Diagram

SEF660V

EC-12
 ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL SYSTEM

Vacuum Hose Drawing

SEF661V

Charge air cooler to vacuum gal-
lery
Throttle control valve to throttle
control solenoid valve
Vacuum pump to 3-way connector
Vacuum gallery to wastegate valve
actuator
3-way connector to throttle control 3-way connector to EGRC-sole-
solenoid valve noid valve B
3-way connector to EGRC-sole- EGR valve and 3-way connector
noid valve A
3-way connector to EGRC-sole-
noid valve A

Refer to ‘‘System Diagram’’, EC-12 for vacuum control system.

EC-13
 ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL SYSTEM

System Chart

Camshaft position sensor (PUMP) Fuel injection control Electric governor

Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)

Control sleeve position sensor Fuel injection timing control Injection timing control valve

Fuel temperature sensor

Engine coolant temperature sensor

Fuel cut control Fuel cut solenoid valve

Needle lift sensor

Glow control system Glow relay & glow lamp

Accelerator position sensor

Accelerator position switch

ECM Malfunction indicator lamp

(ECCS-D On board diagnostic system (On the instrument panel)
Accelerator switch (F/C)
control
module)

Neutral position switch

Ignition switch EGR valve & throttle control EGRC-solenoid valve A, B &
valve control throttle control solenoid valve

Battery voltage

Vehicle speed sensor Cooling fan control Cooling fan relay

Air conditioner switch

Mass air ow sensor Air conditioning cut control Air conditioner relay

Charge air temperature sensor

Heat up switch Charge air cooler fan control Charge air cooler fan relay

EC-14
 ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Fuel Injection System

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Three types of fuel injection control are provided to accommodate engine operating conditions; normal control,
idle control and start control. The ECM determines the appropriate fuel injection control. Under each control,
the amount of fuel injected is compensated to improve engine performance. The ECM performs duty control
on the electric governor (built into the fuel injection pump) according to sensor signals to compensate the
amount of fuel injected to the preset value.

START CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Engine coolant temperature
Engine coolant temperature sensor

Engine speed
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)
ECM Electric
governor
Start signal
Ignition switch

Control sleeve position

Control sleeve position sensor

When the ECM receives a start signal from the ignition switch, the
ECM adapts the fuel injection system for the start control. The
amount of fuel injected at engine starting is a preset program value
in the ECM. The program is determined by the engine speed and
engine coolant temperature.
For better startability under cool engine conditions, the lower the
coolant temperature becomes, the greater the amount of fuel
injected. The ECM ends the start control when the engine speed
reaches 400 rpm (for M/T models), 600 rpm (for A/T models) and
shifts the control to the normal or idle control.
SEF648S

EC-15
 ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Fuel Injection System (Cont’d)
IDLE CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Engine coolant temperature
Engine coolant temperature sensor

Engine speed
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)

Gear position
Neutral position switch

Battery voltage
Battery

ECM
Control sleeve position Electric
Control sleeve position sensor
governor

Idle position
Accelerator position switch

Vehicle speed
Vehicle speed sensor

Air conditioner signal

Air conditioner switch

Heat up switch signal

Heat up switch

When the ECM determines that the engine speed is at idle, the fuel injection system is adapted for the idle
control. The ECM regulates the amount of fuel injected corresponding to changes in load applied to the engine
to keep engine speed constant. The ECM also provides the system with a fast idle control in response to the
engine coolant temperature and heat up switch signal.

NORMAL CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Engine speed
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)

Control sleeve position

Control sleeve position sensor
ECM Electric
governor
Accelerator position
Accelerator position sensor

Vehicle speed
Vehicle speed sensor

The amount of fuel injected under normal driving conditions is

determined according to sensor signals. The crankshaft position
sensor (TDC) detects engine speed and the accelerator position
sensor detects accelerator position. These sensors send signals to
the ECM.
The fuel injection data, predetermined by correlation between vari-
ous engine speeds and accelerator positions, are stored in the
ECM memory, forming a map. The ECM determines the optimal
amount of fuel to be injected using the sensor signals in compari-
son with the map.
SEF649S

EC-16
 ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Fuel Injection System (Cont’d)
FUEL TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION
Input/output signal line
Fuel temperature
Fuel temperature sensor

Engine speed ECM Electric

Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)
governor

Control sleeve position

Control sleeve position sensor

The amount of fuel leaking at or around high-pressure parts inside fuel injection pump varies with fuel tem-
perature and engine speed. This will result in a difference between the target amount of fuel injected and the
actual amount. The ECM compensates for the actual amount depending on the signal from the fuel tempera-
ture sensor which detects fuel temperature.

DECELERATION CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Accelerator position
Accelerator switch (F/C)
Electric
ECM
governor
Engine speed
Camshaft position sensor (PUMP)

The ECM cuts power supply delivery to the electric governor during deceleration for better fuel efficiency. The
ECM determines the time of deceleration according to signals from the accelerator switch (F/C) and camshaft
position sensor (PUMP).

EC-17
 ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Fuel Injection Timing System

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The fuel injection timing system provides the optimal fuel injection timing for the target amount of fuel injected
according to engine speed. The timing is compensated when the vehicle is being driven or when starting
depending on the engine coolant temperature.
The ECM performs duty control on the timing control valve, allowing the valve to provide optimal fuel injection
timing. The ECM also performs feedback control on the timing control valve using the signal from the needle
lift sensor which detects the actual fuel injection timing.

BASIC CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Engine speed
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)
Injection
ECM timing con-
Injection timing trol valve
Needle lift sensor

The optimal fuel injection timing data, predetermined in proportion

to engine speeds and amount of fuel injected, are stored in the
ECM memory. The ECM uses the data to control the fuel injection
timing.

SEF650S

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (When starting)

Input/output signal line
Engine speed
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)

Engine coolant temperature

Engine coolant temperature sensor
Injection
ECM timing con-
Ignition timing trol valve
Needle lift sensor

Start signal
Ignition switch

For better startability under cool engine conditions, the fuel injec-
tion timing is compensated according to the engine coolant tem-
perature.

Engine coolant
temperature

Engine rpm

SEF651S

EC-18
 ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Fuel Injection Timing System (Cont’d)
ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (During driving)
Input/output signal line
Engine speed
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)

Engine coolant temperature Injection

Engine coolant temperature sensor ECM timing con-
trol valve

Injection timing
Needle lift sensor

For better exhaust efficiency under cool engine conditions, the fuel
injection timing is controlled within a compensation range depend-
ing on the engine speed, engine coolant temperature and amount
of fuel injected.

SEF652S

Air Conditioning Cut Control

INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Air conditioner ‘‘ON’’ signal
Air conditioner switch

Accelerator valve opening angle

Accelerator position sensor
Air
ECM conditioner
Vehicle speed relay
Vehicle speed sensor

Engine coolant temperature

Engine coolant temperature sensor

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This system improves acceleration when the air conditioner is used.
When the accelerator pedal is fully depressed, the air conditioner is turned off for a few seconds.
When engine coolant temperature becomes excessively high, the air conditioner is turned off. This continues
until the coolant temperature returns to normal.

EC-19
 ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Fuel Cut Control (at no load & high engine

speed)
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Vehicle speed
Vehicle speed sensor

Neutral position
Neutral position switch

Accelerator position
Accelerator position switch or Accelerator
ECM Electric
switch (F/C)
governor

Engine coolant temperature

Engine coolant temperature sensor

Engine speed
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)

If the engine speed is above 3,000 rpm with no load (for example,
in neutral and engine speed over 3,000 rpm) fuel will be cut off after
some time. The exact time when the fuel is cut off varies based on
engine speed.
Fuel cut will operate until the engine speed reaches 1,500 rpm,
then fuel cut is cancelled.
NOTE:
This function is different from deceleration control and fuel cut
solenoid valve control listed under ‘‘Fuel Injection System’’,
EC-15 and ‘‘TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR DTC 36, 37, 38’’,
EC-130.

EC-20