THE PRIMARY SECTOR

Extraction of raw materials from the ground (directly from nature)

ARABLE FARMING

- It is the cultivation of land to produce crops.

- Two types:

o DRY CROPS: they only need rainwater: Cereals, grapes,

olives…

o IRRIGATED CROPS: They need extra water to grow: fruit,

vegetable, rice…

LIVESTOCK FARMING

- May be:

o By and sell animals

o Produce food and other products.

- Two types:

o EXTENSIVE FARMING: outdoors, in open spaces

o INTENSIVE FARMING: animals are kept in enclosed spaces.

FISHING

- Catching fish and other animals from rivers, lakes, seas and oceans.

- Two types:

o DEEP SEA FISHING: far away from the coast

o COASTAL FISHING: near the coast

MINING

- Taking natural materials from the Earth´s crust

- Two types:
 o UNDERGROUND MINING: below the Earth´s surface

o OPEN CAST MINING: on the surface.

FORESTRY

- Exploitation forest and tree plantations ----- DESFORESTATION

RAW MATERIALS
We usually take raw materials and process them to transform them into
new products.

Examples: sand, trees, minerals…

SPAIN

1900; 60% of the active population

2000: 5% of the active population

- Arable farming: olives (Andalucía), oranges (Valencia)

- Livestock: pig farming (Extremadura)

- Fishing: important activity due to the coast

- Mining; not important nowadays

- Forestry; cork for bottling wine