2010 Sentence Transformation, Collocations

Sentence Transformation, 1
For Questions 31-40, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
31 Why are you interested in taking up a new hobby?

want
Why …………………………………………… up a new hobby?
32 ‘Have you seen my gloves anywhere, Eric?’ asked Mrs Noble.
seen
Mrs Noble asked Eric …………………………………………… her gloves anywhere.
33 Suzanne was too excited to sleep.
that
Suzanne was …………………………………………… not sleep.
34 Robert has not had a job for two years.
out
Robert has …………………………………………… for two years.
35 ‘I will complete the work only if you pay me £500 extra,’ said Frank.
not
‘I will …………………………………………… you pay me £500 extra,’ said Frank.
36 The thief ran right past you so I’m sure you saw his face.
must
The thief ran right past you so …………………………………………… his face.
37 The clients demanded to stay in a first-class hotel.
staying
The clients …………………………………………… in a first-class hotel.
38 I don’t object to the council building a new road here.
objection
I …………………………………………… the council building a new road here.
39 The author wrote her latest novel while she was staying in Majorca.
was
The author’s latest novel …………………………………………… stay in Majorca.
40 The newspaper offered Lynda £5,000 for her story, but she refused.
turned
Lynda …………………………………………… of £5,000 from the newspaper for her story.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word
given. You must use between two and five words , including the word given.
1 We were surprised to see Pamela at the party.
expect
We____________________to see Pamela at the party.
2 Everyone has heard about the canals in Amsterdam
famous
Amsterdam __________________________canals
3 If you pay no attention to him, he’ll soon go away.
notice
If you____________________him, he’ll soon go away.
4 John Lennon was forty when he died.
age
John Lennon _______________________forty.
5 You can stay with my sister if you’re ever in Brighton.
put
My sister will _____________if you’re ever in Brighton.
6 She didn’t say goodbye when she left.
without
She _________________________ goodbye.
7 ‘I’m sorry I’m late,’ he said.
apologized
He_______________________late.
8 It’s possible that they didn’t get the message in time.
might
They __________________the message in time.
9 I haven’t smoked for six years.
gave
Six years______________________smoking
10 It was wrong of you to steal those apples from Mrs Brown’s garden.
should
You___________those apples from Mrs Brown’s garden.
11 It’s a four-hour journey from Swansea to London.
travel
It___________________from Swansea to London.
12 I don’t really want to leave yet.
rather
I __________________________leave yet.
Sentence transformation, 3
given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1 We hired a private nurse to look after my mother when she broke her leg.
care
We hired a private nurse ____________________my mother when she broke her leg.
2 He’s only now beginning to recover from his illness.
get
It’s taken him until _____________________his illness.
3 David lives quite near the station.
far
David _______________ the station
4 The programme was so boring that he fell aseep.
such
It______________________________________________that he fell asleep.
5 My parents don’t like us smoking at home.
approve
My parents ________________smoking at home
6 We couldn’t drive home because of heavy snow.
prevented
Heavy snow _______________ home
7 Peter wishes now that he hadn’t sold his flat.
regrets
Peter_______________________________his flat.
8 They say that caviare tastes nice.
supposed
Caviare _______________________nice
9 It was nearly midnight before everyone left.
time
By______________________it was nearly midnight.
10 She doesn’t find this course very interesting.
bored
She _______________________this course
11 Did Angela say why she arrived late?
reason
Did Angela_______________late?
12 She couldn’t concentrate because the room was so hot
difficult
The heat in the room_____________to concentrate.
given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the begining (0).
0 ‘Will you lend me five pounds?’ he asked
borrow
He asked to borrow / if he could borrow five pounds.
1 We started eating when all the guests had arrived.
until
We __________________all the guests had arrived.
2 I should very much like to play the guitar.
wish
I ______________play the guitar
3 The pop star left by the back exit so as to avoid meeting the press.
order
The pop start left by the back exit __________the press
4 Our driving laws and theirs are not the same.
different
Our driving laws _________________theirs
5 Sally hasn’t contacted me for over six weeks.
heard
I ____________________over six weeks ago
6 ‘You really must stay the night,’ he said to us
insisted
He ______________________the night
7 They make 2,000 cars a week at that factory.
turns
That factory___________2,000 cars a week.
8 He was punished for his bad behaviour.
badly
If he __________, he wouldn’t have been punished.
9 Speaking personally, I don’t care whether she comes with us or not.
matter
It ___________whether she comes with us or not.
10 I don’t really want to go out tonight.
prefer
I______________________go out tonight.
11 ‘Would you like to play tennis on Friday?’ Emily asked Nick.
felt
Emily asked Nick __________tennis on Friday
12 As soon as he came in, he switched on the television.
immediately
He came in ___________the television
given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).
0 Paul likes music
interested
Paul is interested in music
1 Do you want a sandwich?
care
_________________________a sandwich?
2 Is this pen yours?
belong
Does _______________________you?
3 David was too ill to go camping with us.
enough
David_____________________to go camping with us.
4 You can’t vote unless you are over eighteen.
must
You____________________to vote
5 I think we should go home now.
time
It _________________home now.
6 I certainly won’t go there again!
last
That ________________________I go there!
7 I regret not getting married.
wish
I _________________________ married.
8 He found it hard to start the car.
difficulty
He _______________________ the car.
9 Why wouldn’t she give you her telephone number?
refuse
Why_____________give you her telephone number?
10 John and I last quarrelled over a week ago.
fallen
John and I _______________ for over a week.
11 I doubt very much that you saw Carla at the party as she’s in Scotland at the moment.
can’t
You _________________________Carla at the party as she’s in Scotland at the moment
12 After nearly an hour the coach had still not arrived.
sign
After nearly an hour _______________of the coach.
given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).
0 ‘What’s the date today?’ Michael asked
know
Michael wanted to know what the date was today
1 Their wedding takes place on Saturday.
married
They ____________________ on Saturday.
2 Would you like some more sauce with your meat?
enough
Have _________________with your meat?
3 How likely is she to win the race?
chances
What___________________the race?
4 He wished he had gone to university.
regretted
He ______________gone to university.
5 Paul had difficulty in starting the car.
difficult
Paul ________________the car.
6 Take a jumper with you because it might get cold later on.
case
Take a jumper with you__cold later on.
7 How much did that jacket cost?
pay
How much _______________that jacket?
8 The only question I had wrong was question seven.
except
I had __________________question seven
9 I don’t think I’ll go to Jane’s party on Saturday.
doubt
I ____________to Jane’s party on Saturday.
10 It was very kind of them to help us.
grateful
We ____________________for their help.
11 My uncle had never been abroad before.
trip
It was ___________________abroad.
12 This is the best food I’ve ever eaten.
better
I’ve _______________________this
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using phrasal verbs and other words in your
answer. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at
the beginning (0).
0 Terrorists tried to destroy the bridge using dynamite.
blow
Terrorists tried to blow up the bridge.
1 He went to Spain to try to speak Spanish better.
brush
He went to Spain ________________ Spanish
2 Is she Australian?
come
___________________Australia?
3 Ask Paul to do it. You can rely on him.
let
Ask Paul to do it. He __________________
4 It’s a very formal dinner party.
dress
We are expected ___________for the dinner party.
5 An ankle injury prevented her from taking part in the race.
drop
She had to _______the race because of an ankle injury.
6 It was nearly midnight when John arrived.
turn
John _______________until nearly midnight.
7 I’m not very confident of passing my driving test.
get
I don’t ________________my driving test
8 The meeting went on until 11.30
break
The meeting _______________ until 11.30
9 Unless business improves soon, we’ll be bankrupt by the end of the year.
pick
If business _______soon, we’ll be bankrupt by the end of the year.
10 The last time my rent rose was three years ago.
put
They haven’t _______________ for three years.
11 You will support me at the meeting, won’t you?
back
You will _______________at the meeting, won’t you?
12 This form must be completed before you leave.
fill
You ____________this form before you leave.
13 I don’t think I’ll go out on Saturday.
stay
I think _______________ on Saturday.
14 Unless it stops raining soon, we’ll have to cancel the picnic.
clear
If it _______________soon we’ll have to cancel the picnic.
15 I don’t smoke as many cigarettes as I used to.
cut
I’ve managed to _________cigarettes I smoke.
For questions 31-40, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use beetween two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning
(0).
Example:
0 Mr Jones needn’t go if he doesn’t want to.
obliged
Mr Jones is not obliged to go if he doesn’t want to.
31 The football match was postponed due to the rain.
put
The football match was _____________ due to the rain.
32 There was no one here except John.
apart
There was no one here _____________ John.
33 You will have to pay at least £500 to get that watch.
impossible
You’ll find it ____________ that watch for less than £500.
34 I don’t want to eat this now.
rather
I _____________________ eat this now.
35 ‘Shall I turn on the light?’ Sue asked Jill.
wanted
Sue asked Jill _____________ the light turned on.
36 Mother walked in quietly so as to avoid waking the baby. order
Mother walked in quietly ____________ the baby.
37 It’s possible that she didn’t understand what I had said.
might
She ________________what I had said.
38 I couldn’t concentrate fully because of the loud music.
difficult
The loud music ____________ fully.
39 The tea is too hot to drink.
enough
The tea ________________ to drink.
40 She is certain to have heard about it on the news.
must
She ________________ about it on the news.
For questions 31 ·40, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
a The last time I had a dental appointment was six months ago.
since
It’s ……been six months since…. I had a dental appointment.
31 He was not reprimanded, even though he behaved rudely in class.
despite
He was not reprimanded …………………………….. in class.
32 ‘Whose mistake is this?’
blame
Who……………………… this?
. 33 I prefer ordering food than cooking it.
rather
I …………………………….. cook it.
34 The government should do something about unemployment immediately.
time
It’s ………………………………. something about unemployment.
35 I’m sure she wasn’t the one who stole the money.
can’t
She ……………………………….. the one who stole the money.
36 It would be a good idea to tidy the desk before starting work.
you
If I ………………………….. the desk before starting work.
37 Your hair needs cutting.
should
You ……………………………… cut.
38 I can’t tolerate this kind of behaviour any longer.
put
I can’t …………………………… this kind of behaviour any longer
39 The dessert was better than the main course.
wasn’t
The main course ……………………………. the dessert.
40 “Well done! You’ve got the job you applied for,” she said to him.
congratulated
She …………………………………. the job he had applied for.
Example:
obliged
o Mr Jones is not obliged to go if he doesn’t want to.
31 We would rather stop than continue in this manner.
prefer
We …………………………….. than to continue in this manner.
32 Mother told Tom that he had to go to bed early.
must
‘You to ……………………………………bed early,’ Mother told Tom.
33 I last saw her at the end of May.
since
I ……………………………………….the end of May.
34 I’ll never be able to persuade her to agree with the idea.
bring
I’ll never ………………………………… to the idea.
35 She could not understand how they were related.
connection
She could not understand …………………… to her.
36 I don’t think I can afford to buy this dress.
have
I don’t think I ………………. money to buy this dress.
37 He is helping his mother so that they can finish quickly.
order
He is helping his mother ……………………….. quickly.
38 I found my old diary by chance.
came
I ………….. my old diary by chance.
39 He was very rude when he spoke to the old man.
politely
He …………………………… the old man.
40 She caught the early bus so that she would not be late for work.
avoid
She caught the early bus ……………………………. late for work.
For questions 31 – 40, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do
not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning
(0).
Example:
o Pat says she’s going to stop smoking next week.
give
Pat says she’s … going to give up… smoking next week.
31 There is no sugar left.
run
We have ………………………………. sugar.
32 ‘New World’ Advertising is considering your application.
is
Your application ……………………. ’New World’ Advertising.
33 The shelf was so high that he couldn’t reach it.
enough
The shelf was not ………………… reach.
34 I’ve never seen such a bad film.
ever
It’s the …………………….. seen.
35 “Don’t open it!” he said.
warned
He ………………………….. open it.
36 She has never told me lies before.
first
It’s …………………………………….. told me lies.
“I didn’t start the fire!” he said.
denied
He ………………………… the fire.
38 Study hard because you may write a test tomorrow.
case
Study hard ……………….. a test tomorrow.
39 I’m sure he took the cheque-book with him.
must
He ……………………….. the cheque-book with him.
40 What a pity! don’t know how to dance.
wish
I ……………………………. how to dance.
change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0)
Example:
o Mr Jones needn’t go if he doesn’t want to.
obliged
31 Sally has not come to school because she has been sick.
absent
Sally …………………………. school because she has been sick.
32 It is often difficult to find an answer to a problem.
solution
Finding ……………………………… a problem is often difficult.
33 I was lucky you let me stay with you for the night.
put
I was lucky you …………………………………. for the night.
34 I advised him to stop smoking.
suggested
I …………………………….. stop smoking.
35 They are going to do up my room.
have
I’m going ……………………………. decorated.
36 Jane doesn’t often see Mike.
seldom
Jane ……………………………. Mike.
37 I can understand this quite well
easy
It’s ……………………………………….. understand this.
38 My mother doesn’t like us to stay out late.
approve
My mother doesn’t ……………………………… out late.
39 Mary is employed by IBM, isn’t she?
works
Mary ……………………………………… she?
40 They could not understand what she said.
difficulty
They ……………………………………. what she said.
(0).
Example:
o Everybody has left the building
one
There’s …no one left in…. the building.
31 You were late, so you missed the match.
wouldn’t
If you hadn’t ……………………………………….. missed the match.
32 I am sorry I forgot your birthday.
wish
I ………………………………………………. your birthday.
33 The burglar managed to escape without punishment.
get
The burglar managed to ……………. punishment.
34 He failed the test because he did not study enough.
attributed
His failure in the test ………………….. not studying enough.
35 I wonder if you can lend me something to wear tonight.
mind
Would ………………….. something to wear tonight?
36 We can’t decide where to go on holidays.
decision
We can’t ……………………. where to go on holidays.
37 Can you take me to the station by car?
give
Can you …………………………………. to the station?
38 You will miss the bus if you don’t hurry up.
unless
You will miss the bus ……………………………………………………….
39 It is likely that they have already left.
may
They …………………….. left.
40 How much is the bus fare from London to Cambridge?
cost
How much ………………. from London to Cambridge by bus?
change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning
Example:
Mr Jones needn’t go if he doesn’t want to.
obliged
31 He knows everything about flowers.
expert
He ……………………………… flowers.
32 If you are not old enough you cannot watch certain films.
age
If you ……………………………….. you cannot watch certain films.
33 I regret that I gave him the money.
lent
If only …………………………………………. him the money.
34 It was such a boring movie that we left.
so
The movie ………………………………………….. that we left.
35 People say that the pyramids are worth visiting.
supposed
The pyramids ………………………………………. worth visiting.
36 John cannot possibly borrow the car tonight.
question
It’s …………………………… for John to borrow the car tonight.
37 Could I continue what I was doing?
get
Could I …………………………… what I was doing?
38 Mary is slower at doing things than Jill.
fast
Mary is …………………………….. Jill at doing things.
39 I can’t make up my mind about the colour.
decide
I …………………………………….. the colour.
40 There are times when you have to do things by yourself.
own
There are times when you have to do things ……………….
(0).
Example:
o They worked very little last week.
hardly
They ….hardly worked….at all last week.
31 We have to reduce our expenses.
cut
We have to ………………………………………….. our expenses.
32 “Can you please explain this to me?” she asked the teacher.
if
She asked the teacher …………………………………… to her.
33 Perhaps he’s working late.
may
He ………………………………………. late.
34 Nobody ever told me about it.
never
I ………………………………………………. about it.
35 “I’ll pick him up from the airport,” she said.
offered
She …………………….. from the airport.
36 I was so shocked that I couldn’t react.
wasn’t
I …………………………………………………………………… react.
37 People say Greek is a difficult language to learn.
said
Greek …………………………. difficult language to learn.
38 The police have investigated the crime.
by
The crime ………………………………………………………… the police.
39 Without your help, I would never have managed.
you
If ………………………………………. , I would never have managed.
40 The manager made the employees stay late.
made
The employees …………………………… by the manager.
Example:
obliged
Mr Jones …is not obliged to go ….if he doesn’t want to.
31 He really likes correcting her English.
pleasure
He ……………………….. correcting her English.
32 It’s not necessary to take a lot of luggage when going on holiday.
much
You ……………………… luggage when going on holiday.
33 Perhaps he hasn’t received the doctor’s results yet.
may
He …………………….. the doctor’s results yet.
34 All I want you to do is to look after my dog.
care
All I want you to do is to ………………….. my dog.
35 She was not certain about the trip.
decide
She …………………………….. about the trip.
36 He locked the gate so that the dog wouldn’t escape.
prevent
He locked the gate …………………….. escaping.
37 They did not like to pay extra taxes.
objected
They ……………………………………………. extra taxes.
38 The day was so nice that we went on a picnic.
such
It was ………………………. that we went on a picnic.
39 The only person I didn’t see was Jane.
except
I …………………………………………….. Jane.
40 She decided to visit her friend and tell her the news.
drop
She decided to ………………… her friend and tell her the news.
(0).
Example:
0 They published this book in England.
came
This book …..came from…. England.
31.- Can you understand what this paper means?
sense
Can you …………………………… this paper?
32.- It wasn’t necessary to meet me at the airport yesterday.
needn’t
You ……………………… me at the airport yesterday.
33.-It was unkind of you to talk to her like that.
not
You ……………………………… to her like that.
34.-I saw the film although I strongly dislike thrillers.
spite
I saw the film in …………………… of thrillers.
35.-It’s not possible to play tennis because of the rain.
makes
The rain ………………………………. to play tennis.
36.-I’ve never tasted such good food before.
ever
It is the ………………….. tasted.
37.-Do your parents allow you to watch TV late at night?
let
Do your parents ……………………. TV late at night?
38.-”Did you write a note for Anna?” I asked my mother.
she
I asked my mother ………………………. a note for Anna.
39.-He gave me the money first, and then he left.
after
He left …………………………………….. the money.
40.-I don’t find it difficult to get up early any more.
used
I ………………………………………. up early.
TRANSFORMATION ANSWERS
31 Why are you interested in taking up a new hobby?
want
Why ……do you want | to take…… up a new hobby?
32 ‘Have you seen my gloves anywhere, Eric?’ asked Mrs Noble.
seen
Mrs Noble asked Eric ……if/whether | he/she had seen……… her gloves anywhere.
33 Suzanne was too excited to sleep.
that
Suzanne was ….so excited that | she could…… not sleep.
34 Robert has not had a job for two years.
out
Robert has ……been | out of work/a job…… for two years.
35 ‘I will complete the work only if you pay me £500 extra,’ said Frank.
not
‘I will …not complete the work | unless…… you pay me £500 extra,’ said Frank.
36 The thief ran right past you so I’m sure you saw his face.
must
The thief ran right past you so ……you must | have seen…… his face.
37 The clients demanded to stay in a first-class hotel.
staying
The clients …insisted on/upon | staying…… in a first-class hotel.
38 I don’t object to the council building a new road here.
objection
I …have no/haven’t any/make no | objection to… the council building a new road here.
39 The author wrote her latest novel while she was staying in Majorca.
was
The author’s latest novel ……was written | during her/a…… stay in Majorca.
40 The newspaper offered Lynda £5,000 for her story, but she refused.
turned
Lynda …turned down | the/an offer…… of £5,000 from the newspaper for her story.
1 We were surprised to see Pamela at the party.
expect
We___did not expect to__to see Pamela at the party.
2 Everyone has heard about the canals in Amsterdam
famous
Amsterdam ___is famous for (its)__canals
3 If you pay no attention to him, he’ll soon go away.
notice
If you__take no notice of__him, he’ll soon go away.
4 John Lennon was forty when he died.
age
John Lennon ___died at the age of__forty.
5 You can stay with my sister if you’re ever in Brighton.
put
My sister will ___put you up__if you’re ever in Brighton.
6 She didn’t say goodbye when she left.
without
She ____left without saying__ goodbye.
7 ‘I’m sorry I’m late,’ he said.
apologized
He___apologized for being___late.
8 It’s possible that they didn’t get the message in time.
might
They ___might not have got__the message in time.
9 I haven’t smoked for six years.
gave
Six years__ago I gave up___smoking
10 It was wrong of you to steal those apples from Mrs Brown’s garden.
should
You___should not have stolen__those apples from Mrs Brown’s garden.
11 It’s a four-hour journey from Swansea to London.
travel
It___takes four hours to travel___from Swansea to London.
12 I don’t really want to leave yet.
rather
I ___would rather not___leave yet.
1 We hired a private nurse to look after my mother when she broke her leg.
care
We hired a private nurse ___to take care of / to care for__my mother when she broke her leg.
2 He’s only now beginning to recover from his illness.
get
It’s taken him until ___now to get over___his illness.
3 David lives quite near the station.
far
David ___doesn’t live (very) far from / lives not very far from__ the station
4 The programme was so boring that he fell aseep.
such
It____was such a boring programme___that he fell asleep.
5 My parents don’t like us smoking at home.
approve
My parents __don’t approve of (us)__smoking at home
6 We couldn’t drive home because of heavy snow.
prevented
Heavy snow ____prevented us from driving__ home
7 Peter wishes now that he hadn’t sold his flat.
regrets
Peter____regrets selling / regrets having sold___his flat.
8 They say that caviare tastes nice.
supposed
Caviare ___is supposed to___nice
9 It was nearly midnight before everyone left.
time
By___the time everyone left__it was nearly midnight.
10 She doesn’t find this course very interesting.
bored
She __is bored by/with__this course
11 Did Angela say why she arrived late?
reason
Did Angela___give a/any reason for arriving___late?
12 She couldn’t concentrate because the room was so hot
difficult
The heat in the room___made it difficult (for her)_to concentrate.
1 We started eating when all the guests had arrived.
until
We _did not start eating until__all the guests had arrived.
2 I should very much like to play the guitar.
wish
I __wish I could/knew how to_play the guitar
3 The pop star left by the back exit so as to avoid meeting the press.
order
The pop start left by the back exit __in order not to meet / in order to avoid (meeting) _the press
4 Our driving laws and theirs are not the same.
different
Our driving laws __are different from_theirs
5 Sally hasn’t contacted me for over six weeks.
heard
I __last heard from Sally__over six weeks ago
6 ‘You really must stay the night,’ he said to us
insisted
He __insisted on us staying / that we stayed__the night
7 They make 2,000 cars a week at that factory.
turns
That factory__turns out__2,000 cars a week.
8 He was punished for his bad behaviour.
badly
If he __had not behaved badly__, he wouldn’t have been punished.
9 Speaking personally, I don’t care whether she comes with us or not.
matter
It __does not matter to me_whether she comes with us or not.
10 I don’t really want to go out tonight.
prefer
I__would prefer not to_go out tonight.
11 ‘Would you like to play tennis on Friday?’ Emily asked Nick.
felt
Emily asked Nick __if he felt like playing_tennis on Friday
12 As soon as he came in, he switched on the television.
immediately
He came in __and immediately switched on_the television
1 Do you want a sandwich?
care
__Would you care for__a sandwich?
2 Is this pen yours?
belong
Does __this pen belong to__you?
3 David was too ill to go camping with us.
enough
David___was not well/fit enough__to go camping with us.
4 You can’t vote unless you are over eighteen.
must
You_must be over eighteen__to vote
5 I think we should go home now.
time
It __is time we went/were going__home now.
6 I certainly won’t go there again!
last
That ___is the last time___I go there!
7 I regret not getting married.
wish
I _wish I had got__ married.
8 He found it hard to start the car.
difficulty
He ___had difficulty in starting__ the car.
9 Why wouldn’t she give you her telephone number?
refuse
Why___did she refuse to__give you her telephone number?
10 John and I last quarrelled over a week ago.
fallen
John and I _have not fallen out_ for over a week.
11 I doubt very much that you saw Carla at the party as she’s in Scotland at the moment.
can’t
You ____cannot have seen___Carla at the party as she’s in Scotland at the moment
12 After nearly an hour the coach had still not arrived.
sign
After nearly an hour __there was still no sign__of the coach.
1 Their wedding takes place on Saturday.
married
They ___will get/are getting married_ on Saturday.
2 Would you like some more sauce with your meat?
enough
Have __you got/had enough sauce__with your meat?
3 How likely is she to win the race?
chances
What__are her chances of winning_the race?
4 He wished he had gone to university.
regretted
He __regretted not having /that he hadn’t_gone to university.
5 Paul had difficulty in starting the car.
difficult
Paul __found it difficult to start__the car.
6 Take a jumper with you because it might get cold later on.
case
Take a jumper with you___in case it gets___cold later on.
7 How much did that jacket cost?
pay
How much ___did you pay for__that jacket?
8 The only question I had wrong was question seven.
except
I had __every question/all the questions/ everything right except__question seven
9 I don’t think I’ll go to Jane’s party on Saturday.
doubt
I ___doubt if/whether I’ll go__to Jane’s party on Saturday.
10 It was very kind of them to help us.
grateful
We __were grateful to them_for their help.
11 My uncle had never been abroad before.
trip
It was ___my uncle’s first trip__abroad.
12 This is the best food I’ve ever eaten.
better
I’ve ____never eaten/tasted better food than__this
1 He went to Spain to try to speak Spanish better.
brush
He went to Spain ___to brush up his__ Spanish
2 Is she Australian?
come
___Does he come from__Australia?
3 Ask Paul to do it. You can rely on him.
let
Ask Paul to do it. He _will not let you down__
4 It’s a very formal dinner party.
dress
We are expected __to dress up__for the dinner party.
5 An ankle injury prevented her from taking part in the race.
drop
She had to __drop out of__the race because of an ankle injury.
6 It was nearly midnight when John arrived.
turn
John __did not turn up__until nearly midnight.
7 I’m not very confident of passing my driving test.
get
I don’t __think I will / expect to get through_my driving test
8 The meeting went on until 11.30
break
The meeting __did not break up__ until 11.30
9 Unless business improves soon, we’ll be bankrupt by the end of the year.
pick
If business __don’t pick up_soon, we’ll be bankrupt by the end of the year.
10 The last time my rent rose was three years ago.
put
They haven’t __put my rent up / put up my rent_ for three years.
11 You will support me at the meeting, won’t you?
back
You will __back me up_at the meeting, won’t you?
12 This form must be completed before you leave.
fill
You __must/arerequired to/are expected to/have to fill in_this form before you leave.
13 I don’t think I’ll go out on Saturday.
stay
I think _I will stay in__ on Saturday.
14 Unless it stops raining soon, we’ll have to cancel the picnic.
clear
If it ___does not clear up__soon we’ll have to cancel the picnic.
15 I don’t smoke as many cigarettes as I used to.
cut
I’ve managed to _cut down the number of_cigarettes I smoke.
31 The football match was postponed due to the rain.
put
The football match was ______put off___ due to the rain.
32 There was no one here except John.
apart
There was no one here ______apart from____ John.
33 You will have to pay at least £500 to get that watch.
impossible
You’ll find it ____impossible to get/buy__ that watch for less than £500.
34 I don’t want to eat this now.
rather
I _______‘d rather not______ eat this now.
35 ‘Shall I turn on the light?’ Sue asked Jill.
wanted
Sue asked Jill __if/whether she wanted__ the light turned on.
36 Mother walked in quietly so as to avoid waking the baby.
order
Mother walked in quietly ____in order not to wake__ the baby.
37 It’s possible that she didn’t understand what I had said.
might
She ___might not have understood__what I had said.
38 I couldn’t concentrate fully because of the loud music.
difficult
The loud music __made it difficult to concentrate__ fully.
39 The tea is too hot to drink.
enough
The tea __ isn’t cool/cold enough_ to drink.
40 She is certain to have heard about it on the news.
must
She __must have heard__ about it on the news.
31 despite his rude behaviour / despite behaving rudely
32 is to blame for
33 would rather order food than
34 time the government did
35 can’t have been
36 were you I would tidy
37 should have your hair
38 put up with
39 wasn’t as good as
40 congratulated him on getting
31 We would rather stop than continue in this manner.
prefer
We …‘d prefer to stop….. than to continue in this manner.
32 Mother told Tom that he had to go to bed early.
must
‘You to …must go……bed early,’ Mother told Tom.
33 I last saw her at the end of May.
since
I …haven’t seen her since….the end of May.
34 I’ll never be able to persuade her to agree with the idea.
bring
I’ll never …bring her round… to the idea.
35 She could not understand how they were related.
connection
She could not understand …their connection… to her.
36 I don’t think I can afford to buy this dress.
have
I don’t think I …have enough…. money to buy this dress.
37 He is helping his mother so that they can finish quickly.
order
He is helping his mother …in order to finish….. quickly.
38 I found my old diary by chance.
came
I ……came across.. my old diary by chance.
39 He was very rude when he spoke to the old man.
politely
He ……did not speak politely to… the old man.
40 She caught the early bus so that she would not be late for work.
avoid
She caught the early bus …to avoid being…. late for work.
31 There is no sugar left.
run
We have …run out of…. sugar.
32 ‘New World’ Advertising is considering your application.
is
Your application ……is being considered by…. ’New World’ Advertising.
33 The shelf was so high that he couldn’t reach it.
enough
The shelf was not … low enough for him to … reach.
34 I’ve never seen such a bad film.
ever
It’s the ……worst film I have ever.. seen.
35 “Don’t open it!” he said.
warned
He ……warned me not to.. open it.
36 She has never told me lies before.
first
It’s ……the first time she has….. told me lies.
“I didn’t start the fire!” he said.
denied
He …denied that he had started/ starting/ having started… the fire.
38 Study hard because you may write a test tomorrow.
case
Study hard …in case you write.. a test tomorrow.
39 I’m sure he took the cheque-book with him.
must
He …must have taken.. the cheque-book with him.
40 What a pity! don’t know how to dance.
wish
I ……wish I knew…. how to dance.
31 Sally has not come to school because she has been sick.
absent
Sally …has been absent from …. school because she has been sick.
32 It is often difficult to find an answer to a problem.
solution
Finding …a solution to… a problem is often difficult.
33 I was lucky you let me stay with you for the night.
put
I was lucky you ……put me up…. for the night.
34 I advised him to stop smoking.
suggested
I ……suggested (that) he….. stop smoking.
35 They are going to do up my room.
have
I’m going to…have my room……….…. decorated.
36 Jane doesn’t often see Mike.
seldom
Jane ……seldom sees…. Mike.
37 I can understand this quite well
easy
It’s …easy for me to….. understand this.
38 My mother doesn’t like us to stay out late.
approve
My mother doesn’t ……approve of us/our staying…… out late.
39 Mary is employed by IBM, isn’t she?
works
Mary …………works for IBM, doesn’t…… she?
40 They could not understand what she said.
difficulty
They ……had difficulty in understanding…. what she said.
31 You were late, so you missed the match.
wouldn’t
If you hadn’t …been late you wouldn’t have…….. missed the match.
32 I am sorry I forgot your birthday.
wish
I …wish I hadn’t forgotten…. your birthday.
33 The burglar managed to escape without punishment.
get
The burglar managed to …get away without…. punishment.
34 He failed the test because he did not study enough.
attributed
His failure in the test …was attributed to his….. not studying enough.
35 I wonder if you can lend me something to wear tonight.
mind
Would …you mind lending me.. something to wear tonight?
36 We can’t decide where to go on holidays.
decision
We can’t …make a decision about…. where to go on holidays.
37 Can you take me to the station by car?
give
Can you …give me a lift…. to the station?
38 You will miss the bus if you don’t hurry up.
unless
You will miss the bus ……unless you hurry up…….
39 It is likely that they have already left.
may
They ……may have already.. left.
40 How much is the bus fare from London to Cambridge?
cost
How much …does it cost to go/travel…. from London to Cambridge by bus?
Sentence Transformation,14
31 He knows everything about flowers.
expert
He …is an expert on… flowers.
32 If you are not old enough you cannot watch certain films.
age
If you …are under age….. you cannot watch certain films.
33 I regret that I gave him the money.
lent
If only ……I hadn’t lent…. him the money.
34 It was such a boring movie that we left.
so
The movie ….was so boring……..….. that we left.
35 People say that the pyramids are worth visiting.
supposed
The pyramids …are supposed to be…. worth visiting.
36 John cannot possibly borrow the car tonight.
question
It’s …out of the question… for John to borrow the car tonight.
37 Could I continue what I was doing?
get
Could I …get on with… what I was doing?
38 Mary is slower at doing things than Jill.
fast
Mary is …not as fast as…….. Jill at doing things.
39 I can’t make up my mind about the colour.
decide
I …cannot decide on….. the colour.
40 There are times when you have to do things by yourself.
own
There are times when you have to do things …on your own….
31 We have to reduce our expenses.
cut
We have to ………cut down on……….. our expenses.
32 “Can you please explain this to me?” she asked the teacher.
if
She asked the teacher ………if she could explain that……… to her.
33 Perhaps he’s working late.
may
He ……may be working…. late.
34 Nobody ever told me about it.
never
I ………was never told…. about it.
35 “I’ll pick him up from the airport,” she said.
offered
She …offered to pick him up….. from the airport.
36 I was so shocked that I couldn’t react.
wasn’t
I ………wasn’t calm enough to…… react.
37 People say Greek is a difficult language to learn.
said
Greek ……is said to be a……. difficult language to learn.
38 The police have investigated the crime.
by
The crime ……has been investigated by…… the police.
39 Without your help, I would never have managed.
you
If ……you hadn`t helped me……. , I would never have managed.
40 The manager made the employees stay late.
made
The employees ……were made to stay late… by the manager.
Sentence transformation,16
31 He really likes correcting her English.
pleasure
He …takes pleasure in.. correcting her English.
32 It’s not necessary to take a lot of luggage when going on holiday.
much
You …don’t need much / needn’t take much / don’t have to take much… luggage when going on holiday.
33 Perhaps he hasn’t received the doctor’s results yet.
may
He ..may not have received.. the doctor’s results yet.
34 All I want you to do is to look after my dog.
care
All I want you to do is to ……take care of….. my dog.
35 She was not certain about the trip.
decide
She ……could not decide….. about the trip.
36 He locked the gate so that the dog wouldn’t escape.
prevent
He locked the gate ……to prevent the dog (from).. escaping.
37 They did not like to pay extra taxes.
objected
They ……objected to paying………. extra taxes.
38 The day was so nice that we went on a picnic.
such
It was …such a nice day…. that we went on a picnic.
39 The only person I didn’t see was Jane.
except
I ………saw everyone except….. Jane.
40 She decided to visit her friend and tell her the news.
drop
She decided to …drop in on… her friend and tell her the news.
31.- Can you understand what this paper means?
sense
Can you ……make sense of…… this paper?
32.- It wasn’t necessary to meet me at the airport yesterday.
needn’t
You ……needn’t have met… me at the airport yesterday.
33.-It was unkind of you to talk to her like that.
not
You …should not have talked… to her like that.
34.-I saw the film although I strongly dislike thrillers.
spite
I saw the film in …spite of my strong dislike… of thrillers.
35.-It’s not possible to play tennis because of the rain.
makes
The rain ……makes it impossible…. to play tennis.
36.-I’ve never tasted such good food before.
ever
It is the …best food I’ve ever.. tasted.
37.-Do your parents allow you to watch TV late at night?
let
Do your parents …let you watch…. TV late at night?
38.-”Did you write a note for Anna?” I asked my mother.
she
I asked my mother …whether/if she had written…. a note for Anna.
39.-He gave me the money first, and then he left.
after
He left ……after he had given me/after giving me….. the money.
40.-I don’t find it difficult to get up early any more.
used
I ……am used to getting…. up early.
Collocations, 1
Complete the sentences below with a suitable adjective plus a preposition. Choose from the following. Some of the
prepositions will be used more than once.
absent fond jealous satisfied absorbed friendly keen serious cruel good proud
short eligible grateful responsible similar famous ill rich terrified
about from of to at in on with for
1. Both my dogs are very__________________ice cream.
2. I’ve been ___________________a cold for over a week.
3. For the last time who is _________________this mess?
4. You’re not ________________leaving this country and going to live in China, are you?
5. I’ve always been ____________________ water since I nearly drowned as a child.
6. Mark’s been __________school for over a month. He’ll have a lot of catching up to do when he comes back.
7. I’m afraid only single people under the age of thirty are ___________________membership of this club
8. Julie’s my oldest friend. We’ve been _________one another since we were at Primary school
9. Our daughter has just won a scholarship to Cambridge. We are very ________________her.
10. Australia is __________________natural resources
11. Could I phone you later, Alan? I’m a bit _________ time right now.
12. He was so ______________________what he was doing that he didn’t notice me come into the room.
13. Switzerland is ________its beautiful scenery.
14. My cousin is very ______________music and can play four or five instruments
15. I like ballet but I’m not very _________opera
16. There’s no pleasing our teacher. He’s never ______ our work!
17. She is ________in character ________her sister
18. We are __________________________ you for all you’ve done for us
19. Michael was_________ his brother’s success.
20. Small children are often _______________ animals without realizing it.
Collocations, 2
Complete the sentences below with a suitable verb, using either the infinitive (to buy, to come, etc) or the -ing form
(buying, coming, etc). Choose from the following and use each verb once only. There are two examples at the
beginning (0 and 00).
be hurt pass stay think buy leave play
take walk come like save talk want get
live see teach win give meet
0 Remember to buy some milk on your way home tonight.
00 I’m busy at the moment. Would you mind coming back later?
1 I’m sorry, Joe. I didn’t mean __________your feelings.
2 When she was a child, her parents wouldn’t allow her _______________in the street.
3 There must be something wrong with Simon. He keeps _______________ he’s being followed by M15.
4 As they’d received a bomb threat, the police ordered everyone _________________the building.
5 What with inflation and everything, it’s just not worth ____________________nowadays.
6 I remember _______________ to be a pop star when I was a child.
7 Don’t pretend _________________ jazz. I know you hate it really.
8 ‘Mary hasn’t got a car. Would you mind __________ her a lift?’
‘No, not at all.’
9 I really enjoy going to parties and ________ new people.
10 Her parents were very strict and wouldn’t allow her __________________out later than 10.30 at night.
11 Parents usually warn their children against __________ to strangers.
12 I never go swimming because I dislike _____________ my hair wet.
13 I agreed _______________ her English if she helped me with my Spanish.
14 It was a very tough match, but in the end England managed _____________ by two goals to one.
15 He suggested _______________ a taxi to the station.
16 The film star disguised herself to avoid _____________ recognized
17 Would you dare _____________ through a graveyard on your own at night?
18 She was very upset when she failed ______________ her driving test.
19 He wasn’t happy with his room so he demanded ____________________the manager
20 It’s hard to imagine ____________without television, isn’t it? What on earth would you do in the evenings?
Collocations, 3
January 12, 2007
Complete the sentences below with a suitable verb plus a preposition. Choose from the following and make any
necessary changes. Some of the prepositions will be used more than once.
apologize compliment protect succeed arrive feel sorry rely suffer
believe insure remind think care lose share charge translate prefer smell
write
about by in on against for into to
among from of with at
1. You should always ______your home________fire.
2. ‘Does Peter ________you_______Michael Jackson?’ ‘No, he doesn’t look anything like him.’
3. If I were you Julie I’d ________ very carefully _______ his offer. I don’t think you’ll get a better one.
4. She made the children _______________their bad behaviour at the party.
5. The man was arrested and ____________ murder.
6. Don’t forget to wear a scarf. It will _____ you____the cold.
7. After three attempts she finally _______________ breaking the world record.
8. Hamlet was ___________________Shakespeare.
9. ‘Does Mark really _______________flying saucers?’ ‘Oh yes, he’s quite convinced they exist’
10. The mother told the group of children to _________ the sweets _____________ themselves.
11. She felt really pleased when her teacher __________ her __________ her homework.
12. It was largely my fault that we ___________ tennis. I played so badly.
13. We left Heathrow airport at 16.45 and ___________ Copenhagen at 19.30.
14. Although she had only painted the kitchen, the whole flat ________________________paint.
15. My sister _____________hay fever every summer.
16. I really _____________________ people who are tone deaf. It must be awful not to be able to sing
17. ‘Would you ______________________ another piece of cake, Frank?’ ‘No thanks, Jill. I really couldn’t eat
another thing.’
18. Most young people _____ pop music ______ classical music.
19. Ask Mike to do it. You can ________________him. He never lets you down.
20. This book has been _______________________ five languages, including Russian
Collocations, 4
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. Use one of the words in the box on the
left plus a preposition. (Most of the prepositions will be used more than once) There is an example at the beginning
(0).
air order average purpose debt random

first sight short good stock heart the moment myself the house once
work
by in at on for out of
0 We flew to Paris.
We went to Paris by air
1 Come here immediately!
Come here_________________________________!
2 My name’s Patrick, but most people call me Pat.
My name’s Patrick. Pat ________________________
3 Most people in this country work forty hours a week.
________________________people in this country work forty hours a week.
4 He left Russia in 1992 and will never go back there.
He left Russia __________________________in 1992
5 We’ll have to use the stairs. The lift’s not working.
We’ll have to use the stairs. The lift’s ______________
6 Mr Blake comes back from his holiday next week.
Mr Blake is on holiday___________________________
7 He owes the bank £5,000.
He is £5,000_______________________________
8 I memorized the poem.
I learnt the poem__________________________
9 It was no accident. He did it deliberately.
It was no accident. He did it _____________________
10 He hasn’t had a job for over two years.
He’s been _____________________for over two years
11 I fell in love with her the moment I saw her.
It was love_______________________________
12 No one helped me with the homework.
I did the homework__________________________
13 The goods you want won’t come in until next week.
The goods you want are _____________at the moment.
14 ‘You don’t have to pay for the drinks -they’re free tonight’, said the hotel manager.
‘The drinks are ________tonight’, said the hotel manager
15 When you play bingo, the numbers are not called out in any particular order.
When you play bingo, the numbers are called out ________
COLLOCATIONS ANSWERS
Collocations, 1
Both my dogs are very__fond of/keen on____ice cream.
I’ve been ___ill with__a cold for over a week.
For the last time who is _responsible for__this mess?
You’re not __serious about__leaving this country and going to live in China, are you?
I’ve always been __terrified of____ water since I nearly drowned as a child.
Mark’s been __absent from__school for over a month. He’ll have a lot of catching up to do when he comes back.
I’m afraid only single people under the age of thirty are __eligible for___membership of this club
Julie’s my oldest friend. We’ve been __friendly with__one another since we were at Primary school
Our daughter has just won a scholarship to Cambridge. We are very __proud of__her.
Australia is ___rich in__natural resources
Could I phone you later, Alan? I’m a bit _short of_ time right now.
He was so __absorbed in___what he was doing that he didn’t notice me come into the room.
Switzerland is __famous for__its beautiful scenery.
My cousin is very __good at__music and can play four or five instruments
I like ballet but I’m not very _fond of / keen on__opera
There’s no pleasing our teacher. He’s never __satisfied with_ our work!
She is _similar__in character __to_her sister
We are __grateful to___ you for all you’ve done for us
Michael was_jealous of_ his brother’s success.
Small children are often __cruel to__ animals without realizing it.
Collocations, 2
1 I’m sorry, Joe. I didn’t mean __to hurt___your feelings.
2 When she was a child, her parents wouldn’t allow her __to play_in the street.
3 There must be something wrong with Simon. He keeps _thinking__ he’s being followed by M15.
4 As they’d received a bomb threat, the police ordered everyone __to leave__the building.
5 What with inflation and everything, it’s just not worth __saving_nowadays.
6 I remember __wanting_ to be a pop star when I was a child.
7 Don’t pretend __to like_ jazz. I know you hate it really.
8 ‘Mary hasn’t got a car. Would you mind __giving__ her a lift?’
‘No, not at all.’
9 I really enjoy going to parties and __meeting_ new people.
10 Her parents were very strict and wouldn’t allow her ___to stay__out later than 10.30 at night.
11 Parents usually warn their children against _talking_ to strangers.
12 I never go swimming because I dislike __getting__ my hair wet.
13 I agreed __to teach_ her English if she helped me with my Spanish.
14 It was a very tough match, but in the end England managed __to win__ by two goals to one.
15 He suggested _taking__ a taxi to the station.
16 The film star disguised herself to avoid __being__ recognized
17 Would you dare __to walk__ through a graveyard on your own at night?
18 She was very upset when she failed __to pass__ her driving test.
19 He wasn’t happy with his room so he demanded __to see_ the manager
20 It’s hard to imagine _living_without television,isn’t it? What on earth would you do in the evenings?
Collocations, 3
1 You should always _insure_your home_against__fire.
2 ‘Does Peter __remind_you__of_Michael Jackson?’ ‘No, he doesn’t look anything like him.’
3 If I were you Julie I’d __think_ very carefully _about_ his offer. I don’t think you’ll get a better one.
4 She made the children __apologize for__their bad behaviour at the party.
5 The man was arrested and _charged with_ murder.
6 Don’t forget to wear a scarf. It will _protect_ you_from_the cold.
7 After three attempts she finally __succeeded in_ breaking the world record.
8 Hamlet was __written by__Shakespeare.
9 ‘Does Mark really __believe in__flying saucers?’ ‘Oh yes, he’s quite convinced they exist’
10 The mother told the group of children to __share__ the sweets __among__ themselves.
11 She felt really pleased when her teacher __complimented __ her _on_ her homework.
12 It was largely my fault that we _lost at__ tennis. I played so badly.
13 We left Heathrow airport at 16.45 and _arrived in_ Copenhagen at 19.30.
14 Although she had only painted the kitchen, the whole flat __smelled of__paint.
15 My sister _suffers from_hay fever every summer.
16 I really _feel sorry for_ people who are tone deaf. It must be awful not to be able to sing
17 ‘Would you __care for_ another piece of cake, Frank?’ ‘No thanks, Jill. I really couldn’t eat another thing.’
18 Most young people _prefer_ pop music __to_ classical music.
19 Ask Mike to do it. You can _rely on_him. He never lets you down.
20 This book has been __translated into_ five languages, including Russian
Collocations, 4
1 Come here immediately!
Come here____at once____________!
2 My name’s Patrick, but most people call me Pat.
My name’s Patrick. Pat __for short________
3 Most people in this country work forty hours a week.
__On average____people in this country work forty hours a week.
4 He left Russia in 1992 and will never go back there.
He left Russia __for good_____in 1992
5 We’ll have to use the stairs. The lift’s not working.
We’ll have to use the stairs. The lift’s _out of order_____
6 Mr Blake comes back from his holiday next week.
Mr Blake is on holiday____at the moment______
7 He owes the bank £5,000.
He is £5,000__in debt_______
8 I memorized the poem.
I learnt the poem__by heart___________
9 It was no accident. He did it deliberately.
It was no accident. He did it __on purpose_________
10 He hasn’t had a job for over two years.
He’s been __out of work_______for over two years
11 I fell in love with her the moment I saw her.
It was love__at first sight_______
12 No one helped me with the homework.
I did the homework__by myself______
13 The goods you want won’t come in until next week.
The goods you want are __out of stock____at the moment.
14 ‘You don’t have to pay for the drinks -they’re free tonight’, said the hotel manager.
‘The drinks are _on the house___tonight’, said the hotel manager
15 When you play bingo, the numbers are not called out in any particular order.
When you play bingo, the numbers are called out _at random__

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Sentence Transformation, 1

31 Why are you interested in taking up a new hobby?

air order average purpose debt random

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