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Geological Modeling in CMG
Contents
Creating a dataset using CMG and its Geostatistical tools ....................................................2
Create a new model: .............................................................................................................2
Defining wells:.......................................................................................................................2
Define wells deviation Survey and Coordinates: ...............................................................3
Defining the formation tops of the reservoirs:...................................................................4
Creating the top map of the reservoir based on well tops: ...............................................5
Creating the reservoir thickness map based on well data: ...............................................6
Creating reservoir Grid: .......................................................................................................7
Specify Reservoir Grid Dimensions:....................................................................................9
Well Perforations: .............................................................................................................. 10
Assigning Porosity Values to the Grid Blocks .................................................................. 11
Assigning Permeability Values to the Grid Blocks .......................................................... 17
Defining wells:
In the model tree view open the wells and recurrent
section
Right click on the wells to create new wells.
Add new wells and specify their names as
follows:
4 production wells: P001, P002, P003, P004
1 Injection well: I001
Take into account that you can add multiple wells with
the same prefix at once: e.g. add "P" and automatically
add multiple wells numbered 1 to 4.
Select table format for the file type.
Select the file units as 'm'.
Browse and load the All_Wells.wdb file.
This file contains well name, Date, X and Y coordinate of the wellhead, true vertical
depth and the measured depth of the wells.
Click on next to import the data.
If you have selected different well names other than P001 and etc. you have to relate the
well names to the trajectory names.
Defining the formation tops of the reservoirs:
In Builder,
Select ‘Import Formation Top File’…option from the Well Trajectories menu item
under the Well menu.
Select the provided file “TopTable.tdb” which contains the top values in Measured
Depth for each well.
pecify a filee name for y
Sp your top maap e.g. TOP__MAP.msh b
but do not ssave it as yo
ou
have to defin ne the method for creatting the top map.
Select the meethod tab
Note thaat several caalculation mmethods aree available. Normally O Ordinary krriging is useed
to createe well tops, which is a ggeostatisticcal method ffor linear daata interpollation. In ou
ur
case as w
we have feww number off wells we caan easily usse Inverse D Distance Estimation.
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0 – Winter 20111 J.T
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1
Creating
g the reserv
voir thickn
ness map based on we
ell data:
Go to the filee menu and click on Creeate Map filee.
G
pecify a file name for th
Sp he thickness map e.g. T
THICKNESS__MAP.msh.
Clear the preevious data in the spreaad sheet.
O
Open the file e Thicknessees.xls in Exccel.
Note thaat the file contains
c weell name, X and Y coordinate of tthe wells and reservoir
thicknessses.
Select the meethod tab.
Try different
T t calculation
n methods aand click on update file to view thee results.
Finally selectt trend estim
mation method and sav ve the file.
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0 – Winter 20111 J.T
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1
Creating reservoir Grid:
From the Create Grid option of the Reservoir menu select Cartesian.
Specify number of grid blocks in i, j and k directions. Specify grid block widths in
I and j direction (e.g. 11* 100).
If the created grid does not cover all wells, click on the probe mode, and then the
edit grid buttons.
Under the reservoir menu, in the Edit grid option, select Modify Position to
change grid position.
Change X and Y Offset values and reposition the grid.
It would be required to activate grid modification option by clicking probe mode and
Edit grid buttons:
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Specify Reservoir Grid Dimensions
Click on specify properties tab (if it is not active, click on probe mode).
Grid Top
Select cell at row Layer 1 and column Grid Top. Right click and select Geological
map from the context menu. Note that maps were generated in mesh (.msh)
format.
On the Property Specification dialog, click the Values in file1 button and navigate
to and select the Top Map file previously created.
Grid Thickness
Well Perforations:
Under the well menu go to Well trajectories and select Trajectories Perforation Intervals
to define well perforations. Select quick perf. To perforate all grid blocks that are
connected to each well.
Select Add New Custom Property in the Output Property pull‐down list, and add a
suffix such as PoroSim, and any comments you want.
Loading Well Log Data
Click the Tools button and select "Import logs or tables of measured depth values"
option.
After importing all well logs, click the Select Wells button, click the >> button to
select all wells and OK to close the dialog.
Populating Percentage Porosity Values
Select the Methods tab of the Create Geostatistical Objects.
Use ‘Gaussian Geostatistical Simulation’ as the calculation method.
Select the Bi‐Directional option from the pull‐down list of the Horizontal Variogram
Direction. Click on match Variogram to see if the variograms are matched.
Change horizontal variogram direction to Omni‐Directional and check for variogram
matching.
Click to edit variogram data for zero and 90' Horizontal variogram. Try different
variogram types and different search radiuses.
The Property Specification dialog will appear. Select the Porosity – Fraction formula
and Click OK to close the dialog. Click OK again to close the General Property
Specification dialog.
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Specifying Permeability Property
Use the same method as Porosity to assign the calculated permeability values to
permeability in I and j directions.
Create a new formula for permeability in z direction. Kz is equal to 0.3 of Ki,j
Note that you had created different porosities with different variogram properties. You
should generate and save several models for these different realizations and use them
in future.