SIX WEEKS INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PROJECT

REPORT

ON

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

AT

PUNJAB COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED

(MOHALI)
SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF
THE

AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH

(2014-2018)
 SUBMITTED BY:
SUBMITTED TO:
NAME: AMANIQBAL SINGH
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGG.
REG.No: 11401256
SEMESTER: 7TH

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

DAV UNIVERSITY,JALANDHAR(PUNJAB)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my gratitude to all those who helped me in various stages of the

development of this project. First, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to
Dr.Jasbir Rishi (Dean Academics) and Er. Chetan Vasudeva, Coordinator (Department
of Electrical Engineering) and DAV University for allowing me to undergo the
summer training of six weeks at Punjab Communications Limited (PUNCOM),
Mohali.

I am also thankful to the Department of Electrical Engineering for guiding and

helping me for the preparation of the final report and presentation.

At last, I pay my sincere thanks and gratitude to all the staff members of PUNCOM
for their support and for making my training valuable.
 DECLARATION

I,hereby declare that the work which is being presented in this project tilted
“PUNJAB COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED” in the partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of degree in Bachelor of Technology in “Electrical
Engineering” is an authentic record of my own work carried under the guidance of
PUNCOM Engineers.

The matter emboided in this Report has not been submitted by me for the award of
any other degree elsewhere.

SIGNATURE OF STUDENT:

NAME: AmanIqbal Singh

REG.No: 11401256

SEMESTER: 7TH
SIGNATURE EXAMINED BY:

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING.

INDEX

S.no Contents Page no.

* COMPANY PROFILE 1-3

1. CHAPTER-1 :E1 CARRIER SYSTEM 4-18

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The Carrier System

1.2.1 What is E1 Protocol & how does it works?

1.2.2 PCM Communication System

 1.2.3 Common points between E1 and T1

1.2.4 Difference between E1 and T1

1.3 E1 PCM Signal

1.3.1Pulse Common Modulation(PCM)

1.3.2 PCM Framing

1.4 E1 Primary Frame

1.5 E1 Frame Alignment

1.5.1 Frame Alignment Signal(FAS)

1.5.2 Non Frame Alignment System(NFAS)

1.6 Frame Synchronisation

1.7 E1 Signallimg

1.7.1 E1 CAS

1.7.2 Signalling Multiframe

1.8 E1-Cycling Redundancy Check(CRC)

1.8.1 E1- CRC4 Method and multifrane

1.8.2 E1- Frame synchronisation

1.9 E1 -Alarms

2. CHAPTER-2 :VMUX 19-28

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Salient features

2.3 Applications

2.4 VMX-0100 Network diagram

2.5 System Architecture

2.5.1 System Architecture Cards

 2.6 Sub-Rack Mechanical details

2.7 Wiring and termination

2.8 Equipment Id

2.9 Functional description

2.9.1 Programmable time slot

2.9.2 Programmable alarms

2.9.3 NMT for control diagnosis

2.9.4 Cross connectivity of PCM Trunks

2.9.5 Omni bus conferencing

3. CHAPTER-3 :POWER PLANT 29-33

3.1 General description

3.2 Rectifier specific configuration

3.3 Rectifier module general description

3.4Mini CSU-2

4. CHAPTER-4 :PLCC 34-36

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Features

4.3 Applications of PLCC

4.4 Advantages and DisAdvantages of PLCC

* WORKSHOPS IN PUNCOM 38-44

 LIST OF FIGURES

 Figure 1: Time and frequency domain of analog and

PAM signal

 Figure 2: Principle of time division multiplexing

 Figure 3: E1-primary frame

 Figure 4: E1- frame alignment

 Figure 5: Frame synchronisation

 Figure 6: CAS

 Figure 7: Signalling multiframe

 Figure 8: CRC

 Figure 9: E1-CRC4

 Figure 10: E1 alarms

 Figure 11: V-MUX 0100 applications

 Figure 12: V-MUX 0100 network diagram

 Figure 13: Power plant description

 Figure 14: Typical 3-rectifier modular power supply

 Figure 15: Typical 4-rectifier modular power supply

 Figure 16: PLCC

 Figure 17: Wave soldering machine

 Figure 18: U-link 1

 Figure 19: U-link 2

 Figure 20: MDF

 Figure 21: Equipment of winding

 Figure 22: Primary winding of Transformer

 Figure 23: specication of winding equipment

 Figure 24: Front view of MTU

 Figure 25: Back view of MTU

LIST OF TABLES

 Table 1: Common points between E1 and T1

 Table 2: Difference between E1 and T1

 Table 3: FAS

 Table 4: NFAS

 Table 5: U-link color coding

 Table 6: MDF color coding

 ABBRIEVATIONS

 FDM : Frequency Division Multiplexing

 PCM : Pulse Code Modulation

 ITU-T : International Telecommunication for Telecommunication

 FAS : Frame Alignment Signal

 NFAS : Non Frame Alignment Signal

 CAS : Channel Associated Signalling

 CRC : Cyclic Redundancy Check

 V-MUX : Versatile Multiplexer

 UDT : Universal Data Card

 TME : Two Mb Ethernet Card

 TPC : Teleprinter Card

 PSU : Power Supply Unit

 LPC : Loop Protection Card

 GDT : G.703-Data Card

 UIF : User Interface Card

 FEI : Fractional E1 Card

 DAC : Data Acquistion Card

 NMS : Network Management System

 SMR : Switch Mode Rectifiers

 PMB : Power Mother Board

 DSCC : Digital Secondary Control Card

 CLC : Control Loop Card

 PAFC : Primary Auxiliary Flyback Converter

 NMT : Network Management Terminal

 E&M : Ear And Mouth Card

 TTL : Transistor Transistor Logic

 TDM : Time Division Multiplexing

 AIS : Alarm Indication Signal

 LVDS : Low Voltage Disconnect Switch

 EEPROM : Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

 MUIB : Mini User Interface Board

 POTS : Plane Old Telephone Services

 DTE : Data Terminal Equipment

 DCE : Digital Communicate Equipment

 FXO : Foreign Exchange Office

 FXS : Foreign Exchange Subscriber

 SCADA : Supervisory Control And Data Aquisition

 ISAM : Isolated Shunt Amplitude Module