05/07/2017

Real power balance equations

1
n
S i  Pi  jQi  Vi Y
k 1
ik
V
k


n n
 Vi Vk e jik ( Gik  jBik )   Vi Vk (cos  ik  j sin  ik )( Gik  jBik )
k 1 k 1
n n
Vi e j i  Yik e  jik Vk e  j k  Vi  Yik Vk e j( i  k ik )
k 1 k 1

Considering the real and imaginary parts

 Cartesian form

n n
Pi   Vi Vk ( Gik cosik  Bik sin ik ) Qi   Vi Vk ( Gik sin ik  Bik cosik )
k 1 k 1

 Polar form
n n
P i  Vi  Yik Vk cos(  i   k   ik ) Q i  Vi  Yik Vk sin(  i   k   ik )
k 1 k 1

Gauss power flow

2

 We first need to put the equation in the appropriate form,

with power balance expressed in the form V=h(V)
 n  n
S i  Vi I i  Vi 

YikVk   Vi
  Yik Vk 
 k 1  k 1
n
S i  V i I i  Vi  YikVk
k 1
Si n n

Vi
  YikVk YiiVi   YikVk
k 1 k 1,k  i
 Si n 

   h (V )
1
Vi   YikVk
Yii V  i
 i k 1,k  i 