PROBLEM SET 2 MASS AND ENERGY BALANCES. Note: For every problem, state all the assumptions.

Determine which of the energy terms are negligible and come up with the suitable final equation.

1. Ethane is flowing through a 1-m I.D. pipe at the rate of 6530 kg/h. If the density of ethane is
1.3567 g/L what is (a) the volumetric flow rate? (b) the mass velocity?(c) the flow velocity?

2. Air flows through the piping system shown below. If the flow velocity at A is 10 m/s, what is the
flow velocity at B and at C?

3. A jet pump injects water at 120 ft/s through a 2-in. pipe into a secondary flow in an 8-in. pipe
where the velocity is 10 ft/s. Downstream the flows become fully mixed with a uniform velocity
profile. What is the magnitude of the velocity where the flows are fully mixed? Answer: 16.5
ft/s

4. Liquid water at 1 atm is being pumped at a rate of 0.189 m 3/s from a large storage tank by a
pump with a rating of 2 kW. The water is pumped through a heat exchanger, where it gives up
758 kW of heat and is then delivered to a storage tank at 18.76 m above the first tank. What is
the total change in temperature for the water? For water: density= 1 g/cm 3, cP = 4.184 J/g∙K.
Answer: -1K

5. Water flows from an elevated reservoir through a conduit to a turbine at a lower level and out
of the turbine through a similar conduit. At a point 100 m above the turbine the pressure is 207
kPa, and at a point 3 m below the turbine the pressure is 124 kPa. What must the water flow
rate be if the turbine output is 1.00 MW? Answer: 915 kg/s

6. Methanol is contained in a large tank under a pressure of 3.1 bar absolute. When a valve on the
bottom of the tank is opened, the methanol drains freely through a 1-cm ID tube whose outlet is
 7.00 m below the surface of the methanol. The pressure at the outlet of the discharge pipe is 1
atm. Use the Bernoulli equation to estimate the methanol discharge velocity and flow rate in
L/min when the discharge valve is fully opened. Neglect the rate of fall of the methanol level in
the tank. Answer: 25.8 m/s, 122 L/min

7. A chemical plant gets its bunker oil from a distributor 50 km away through a pipeline 10 cm in
diameter. The pressure at the pump discharge is 1379 kPa and the plant receives the oil at the
end of the line at 137.9 kPa. If the oil flow rate is 100 m3/hr, what is the power requirement of
the pump? The specific gravity of oil is 0.94. Assume the specific volume of the oil remains
constant. Answer: 34.47 kW
9. Two large open tanks are filled with the same liquid. Flow from both the tanks mixes together
and moves through a common pipe. If the common pipe discharges to the atmosphere, find an
expression for the flow rate through the common pipe. Assume smooth frictionless flow and no
𝝅
negligible pressure variations in the mixing regions. Answer: 𝒒 = 𝟒 [𝒅𝟐𝟏 √𝟐𝒈(𝒛𝟏 + 𝒛𝟑 ) +
𝒅𝟐𝟐 √𝟐𝒈(𝒛𝟐 + 𝒛𝟑 )]

10. Water is drained from a large open reservoir by means of a frictionless siphon tube. If the
distance bet-ween the liquid level in the tank and the end of the tube is h = 6 ft., calculate the
fluid velocity in the tube. Assume the cross sectional area of the tube is uniform. Answer: 19.66
ft/s