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LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Lyceum of the Philippines University – International School

Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Academic Performance among Selected Lyceum of the

Philippines University – Cavite Students

School Year 2017 - 2018

A Research Paper
Submitted to Mr. Kier Martin P. Evangelista
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in
PRAS02 – Practical Research 2

Costa, Olsen M.
Cubcubin, Kate Zinnia P.
Dimailig, Krizia Camil R.
Edjan, Danielle May A.
Erni, Aeron Ace Joshua F.
Garcia, Maria Isidra Cassandra M.
Kim, Yeil
Lu, Shelley O.
Mojica, Anne Jelene R.
Pucate, Lizbeth Angelika N.
Renzales, James Jardi A.
Reyes, Kimberly P.

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Sleep is a state on which the body and mind of an individual is relatively inactive and

its muscles are relaxed. In human body, sleep aids with all the cognitive function such as:

memory, learning, decision making, and critical thinking. Sleep is also said to be a

physiological adaptation to conserve energy. With enough sleep, an individual can function

better and the condition of which an individual suffers from lack of sleep is called sleep

deprivation. Sleep deprivation can result to weight gain, dysfunction in cognitive ability, and

even life-threatening health risks.

Sleep is vital and plays an important role in human system. According to the National

Sleep Foundation (2015) an individual needs at least 7 to 10 hours of sleep to store energy and

be able to function properly. It helps people work at an ideal level and is used for critical

processing of the brain. This makes sleep necessary on academic performance. Being able to

understand the impact of sleep deprivation on academic performance will aid in

comprehending the importance of sleep especially for students to maintain a quality academic

performance.

However, not everyone is getting sufficient sleep to function duly, especially students.

Many studies in the past have shown that sleep deprivation does correlate with poor academic

performance because of lower abilities in cognition as a result of poor sleep quality. In the

study done by Gilbert and Weaver (2010), the two researchers found that sleep loss interferes

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with a student’s academic, extracurricular and vocational choices. Being unable to have

adequate amount of sleep results to negative outcome while having enough sleep will not only

result to an individual who’s more functional but also healthy.

In maintaining a good academic performance, an individual should also recognize

factors that can either help or hinder his goal. And as said beforehand, sleep plays a vital role

when it comes to academic performance, a sleep deprived individual is/can be dysfunctional

during day time, therefore, there are chances of having low academic scores and because of

experiencing sleep deprivation, and one could experience flunking.

According to Leonidas (2014), a medical news report from America stated that school

stress keeps 68 percent of students awake after their head hits the pillow. Only 30 percent of

students sleep eight hours a night, the average recommended amount of sleep for young adults.

Twenty percent of students pull an all-nighter at least once a month. The purpose of adequate

sleep is to maintain better memory and boost learning. Sleep loss means mind loss. It restricts

critical thinking, messes up memory and mood, delays reasoning, and shutters quantitative

skills. In the Philippines, Arceo-Dumlao (2014) have said that based on the research done by

Sun Life Financial Asia, almost half of the Filipinos sleep less than six hours a day. Poor

quality sleep has significant impacts on daytime behavior and academic performance, as well

as concentration, attention, and mood.

In today's fast-paced society, five or six hours of sleep may sound pretty good but in

reality, it is not, it could lead to chronic sleep deprivation and can cause greater dysfunction.

Yet, no matter how important sleep is, not everyone is able to have an adequate amount of

sleep and students are some of the individuals who are in great need of adequate amount of

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sleep however, not being able to get. Most of these teens just are not sleeping enough.

In this study, the researchers’ objective is to find out the impacts of sleep deprivation

on the academic performance of the students and if such impacts are significant. One

must also be able to identify their level of sleep deprivation and what causes them to

reach its level.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

General Problem

This research attempts to identify the impact of sleep deprivation and how it affects

the academic performance of the selected students of Lyceum of the Philippines University –

Cavite.

Specific Problems

1. How may the demographic profile of the students be described in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

2. What is the level of impact of sleep deprivation to selected students of Lyceum of the

Philippines University – Cavite in terms of:

2.1 Cognitive Skills

2.2 Mood

2.3 Motor Skills

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3. What is the level of the academic performance of the selected students of Lyceum of

the Philippines University – Cavite who are sleep deprived in terms of:

3.1 Performance Task

3.2 Written Works

3.3 Exam

4. Does sleep deprivation has a significant impact on the academic performance of the

selected students of Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite?

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This study was theoretically rooted to Brain Plasticity Theory elaborated by Dr.

Robert Stickgold (2007). Sleep researchers study the role of sleep in learning and memory

formation in two ways. The first approach looks at the different stages of sleep (and changes

in their duration) in response to learning a variety of new tasks. The second approach examines

how sleep deprivation affects learning. Low-quality sleep and sleep deprivation also negatively

impact mood, which has consequences for learning. Alterations in mood affect our ability to

acquire new information and subsequently to remember that information.

The researchers have constructed the figure below to show the process among

the variables used in the study:

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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

In 2016 Healthy Living Index survey, Philippines scored low due to the level of sleep

deprivation in the country. Estimated at around 22 percent of Filipino students are sleep

deprived with this result, the research entitled “Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Academic

Performance among Selected Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite Students”, is

timely and relevant since the percentage of Filipinos who are sleep deprived is increasing and

academic performance is one of the major aspect that could be affected.

As the study deals with the Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Academic Performance

among Selected Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite Students, the result would be

beneficial to the following:


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Students. In this study, students become knowledgeable about how they are affected

by sleep deprivation in terms of academic performance. This helps them to prevent sleep

deprivation so they could study well.

Parents. This study will give information to the parents on how their child’s academic

performance is being affected by sleep deprivation since as said beforehand sleep deprivation

can cause huge consequences. In that way, they can offer help or they can guide their child

regarding his/her academic works done at home. By doing so, it might help their child to have

enough sleep.

Teachers. This study explains to the teachers how sleep deprivation affects the

performance of the students at school. Hence, they can give extra activities at school rather

than giving them activities at home.

Future Researchers. This study benefits the future researchers in a way that this

becomes their guide or reference in conducting a new study related with this.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study is limited to the selected students enrolled in Lyceum of the Philippines

University – Cavite with ages range from 16-18 years old and is only for the academic year

2017-2018.

The scope of the research study is the impact of sleep deprivation on the academic

performance. It also aims to know if sleep deprivation has a significant impact on the

performance of a student in terms of academic.

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The study does not include any other matter regarding sleeping deprivation that is not

related to the academic performance of the students. This study is only for the students in

Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite for the result may vary depending in the

university.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

• Academic Performance – Represents performance outcomes that indicate the extent

to which a person has accomplished specific goals that were the focus of activities in

instructional environments, specifically in school, college, and university. (Oxford

Bibliographies. Modified July 30, 2014)

• Brain Plasticity – The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural
connections throughout life. (MedicineNet. Retrieved 2017)

• Cognitive Skills – Are the core skills your brain uses to think, read, learn, remember,

reason, and pay attention. Working together, they take incoming information and move

it into the bank of knowledge you use every day at school, at work, and in life.

• Sleep Deprivation – Defined as not obtaining adequate total sleep. (American Sleep

Association. Retrieved 2017)

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CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter presents a review of relevant literature, studies and concepts essential to

the development of the conceptual framework and the direction of the study.

RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature

Sleep Deprivation

According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Sleep is an

important part of your daily routine—you spend about one-third of your time doing it. Quality

sleep – and getting enough of it at the right times -- is as essential to survival as food and

water. Without sleep you can’t form or maintain the pathways in your brain that let you learn

and create new memories, and it’s harder to concentrate and respond quickly.

Sleep deprivation is a term meaning loss of sleep. Drummond and McKenna (2009)

stated that “sleep deprivation in humans can be broadly classified into three categories: total

sleep deprivation, partial sleep deprivation, and sleep fragmentation.”

In addition, being sleep-deprived affects both the brain and cognitive function. Besides

the many physical consequences of insufficient sleep, perhaps the most important

consequences of sleep deprivation are deficits in working memory and attention. It appears

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that carrying out tasks that require attention is in direct correlation to the number of hours the

person sleeps each night; with these functions declining with the number hours of sleep

deprivation.

The quality of sleep that one receives depends on two factors, basal sleep and sleep

debt. Basal sleep is the amount of sleep a body needs on a regular basis for optimum. Sleep

debt is the accumulated sleep that is lost to poor sleep behaviors, illness, environmental factors,

or other causes. Sleep debt results in lowered sleep quality sleep (National Sleep Foundation,

2014). It should be mentioned that sleep quality is just as important as sleep quantity, but the

two work concurrently. Although some people may feel rested with a few hours of sleep per

night, studies show that reduced hours of sleep is associated with low performance on complex

mental tasks. For college students performance on complex tasks is important due to the critical

thinking atmosphere encouraged by the academic environment. Sleep deprived adults are not

only affecting their capacity for critical thinking, those who do not meet sleep requirements

also have a higher risk of mortality (Morgenthaler, 2014).

The optimal amount of sleep for a teenager is approximately nine hours (Noland 225;

Epstein; School of Public Health 18). If a teenager sleeps less than nine hours then they may

experience sleep deprivation (Bergin 45; School of Public Health 18). Therefore, a student’s

academic ability, behavior, or physical potential can be affected by sleep deprivation (Bergin

45; Black 34; Gibson, Powles, and Thabane 116; School of Public Health 19). Hence, a

student’s grades will drop if they continually miss sleep (Black 35; Epstein; Noland 224). Sleep

deprivation could also cause health problems by increasing stress and obesity (Black 35;

Epstein; Noland 224).

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Insufficient sleep time is particularly common in undergraduate students. Pace-Schott

et al. (2009) found that the average sleep duration among university students has drastically

decreased over the last 30 years. Countless studies have been performed that indicate bodily

organs and systems are greatly affected by such sleep loss. Sleep deprivation is a common

problem in society and can have serious consequences on both physical and mental health.

According to, Jane F. Gaultney PhD (2010), sleep patterns or disorders among students

may vary depending on one’s age and gender. It was reported that sleep disorders in adults

tend to increase with age, but they may also occur among students. In terms of gender, she

stated that females were at greater risk for RLS/PLMD, insomnia, affective disorder,

nightmares, and more likely to be at risk for at least one sleep disorder than males.

Sleep Deprivation and Academic Performance

All students are required to maintain a satisfactory academic record and meet the

obligations.

Many studies in the past have shown that sleep deprivation does correlate with poor

academic performance because of lower abilities in cognition as a result of poor sleep

quality. In the study done by Gilbert and Weaver (2010), the two researchers found that sleep

loss interferes with a student’s academic, extracurricular and vocational choices. They also

found that the amount of hours students sleep in a 24-hour period has greatly decreased over

the years while sleep dissatisfaction has increased.

On the contrary, Shot and Banks (2014) stated that an experiment failed to show that

sleep deprivation has a high impact on academic performance. Moreover, the sleep deprived

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participants in the experiment did not possess cognitive skill deficits or poor sustained

attention. Hence, an individual’s subjective feelings of sleepiness and alertness is not a

reliable source in assessing one’s cognitive or behavioral impairments.

Local Literature

In a Philippine newspaper – The Philippine Daily Inquirer stated that Filipinos are the

most sleep-deprived people in Asia. According to their research sleep-deprivation in the

Philippines affects half of the population or close to 50 million Filipinos, who sleep less than

six hours a day.

Every students should have about eight to ten hours of sleep before taking and

examination to have a better performance and adding a nap in the afternoon will also help

improve your memory. The more we study the effects of sleep loss, the more we could find

the importance of a good sleep resulting to achieve better memory and improved learning.

Sleep loss means mind loss. It binds learning in many ways. It reduces critical thinking, messes

up memory and mood, retards reasoning, and shutters quantitative skills. (Leodinas, 2012)

Academic performance refers to how students deal with their studies and how they

accomplish different tasks given to them by their teachers (Banquil et al, 2009). It also refers

on how students deal with their studies and how they cope with different factors affecting their

performance. Academic performance can also refer to “how well a student meets standards set

out by local government and the institution itself”

The quality of our sleep directly affects the quality of our waking life, including our

productivity, emotional balance, creativity, physical vitality and even our weight. Therefore,

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sleep is an essential human need and not a luxury, because it is in the state of rest that our brain

oversees the great work of biological maintenance to keep our bodies in good condition. Mild

sleep deprivation does not cause serious impairment but chronic sleep deprivation does.

RELATED STUDIES

Foreign Studies

According to School of Public Health studies, 70% to 83% of students do not obtain

the optimal level of sleep. Due in caffeinated beverages and leisure time activities it lead to

students staying up to late part of students staying up late doing homework and studying.

The Brain

Sleep deprivation adversely affects the brain and cognitive function. A study completed

by the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System in San Diego and the UCSD School of Medicine

monitored activity in the brains of sleep-deprived people whilst they performed basic verbal

learning tasks by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI). The results of the

study showed that, in sleepier subjects, more activity was found in certain areas of the

prefrontal cortex of the brain: The prefrontal cortex is an area of the brain that supports such

mental faculties as logical and practical (‘means-ends’) reasoning and working memory. These

results were interpreted by the researchers as indicating that, in order to complete a specific

task, the average non-sleep-deprived subject’s brain needed to exert a lot more effort than the

brain of an average non-sleep deprived person. They were able to infer from these results that

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the brains of sleep-deprived people were trying to compensate for the adverse effects created

by sleep deprivation.

Memory and Cognitive Impairment

Similar studies have been done to assess stress as a consequence of sleep deprivation.

A study conducted at James Madison University worked with 124 college students, and results

from the research revealed that over 50 percent of the students reported high levels of stress

that was related to academic workload and time management, which was linked to unhealthy

behaviors such as decreased quantity of sleep (Britz & Pappas, 2014).

Sleep Deprivation on the Academic Performance

A study implemented with college students showed that 33% of sleep deprived students

took longer than 30 minutes to fall asleep, and 43% of the students studied also reported

prematurely waking up more than once on a nightly basis (Forquer et al, 2008). Some people

may have the belief that college students have different sleep hygiene depending on their class

standing and majors. Although it may be true that some majors have different amount of work

load, Forquer et al. (2008) found that there is no differences between freshman, sophomores,

juniors, seniors, and graduate students for the time to fall asleep, number of premature waking

per night, and total hours of sleep per night.

Sleep loss results in the loss of concentration, and increased sleepiness during the day.

College students who are struggling with excessive sleep loss are increasing those symptoms

and affecting their ability to perform well in school.

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Synthesis

In the study done by Gilbert and Weaver (2010), the two researchers found that sleep

loss interferes with student’s academic performance. The past study is particularly related to

the present study since they identified the effect of sleep deprivation on the academic

performance. Their study which is distinctly relative to the present study, cited that sleep

deprived individuals also have difficulty in retrieving words and delivering them which

affects their communication, these effects due to a lack of sleep are all vital skills needed not

only for survival but also for learning process; in order to obtain the most out of education, it

is imperative to have proper functioning of cognitive skills, memory, attention,

concentration, and alertness. However, all of these skills are affected by lack of sleep.

Moreover, Soliven (2016) stated that the quality of sleep directly affects the quality of

productivity, emotional balance, creativity, and physical vitality, as same to what the present

study also aims to point out. Likewise, the findings discoursed by the researches have aided

the present researchers define their goal in conducting the study.

On the other side, Shot and Banks (2014) stated that an experiment failed to show that

sleep deprivation has a high impact on academic performance. The experiment showed that

the sleep deprived participants in the experiment did not possess cognitive skill deficits or

poor sustained attention. Hence, an individual’s subjective feelings of sleepiness and

alertness is not a reliable source in assessing one’s cognitive or behavioral impairments.

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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Sleep deprivation is a persistent problem occurring among students especially

regarding their academic performance. Specifically, this research was designed to answer

how sleep deprivation impacts on the academic performance of the students chosen as the

respondents. This chapter is divided into several parts addressing the research design, locale,

and data collection procedures.

Research Design

This study utilized the descriptive and correlational type of research. It addresses the

"how" question.

The method used in the study is the survey method. With the survey method, the

participants answered questions administered through survey-questionnaires. After the

participants answered the questions, researchers described the responses given. But, in order

for the survey to be both reliable and valid, the questions were constructed properly. Thus, if

properly designed, results gained could be seen as real and unbiased.

The study is quantitative in nature, therefore, the research questions will be answered

by numerical data. Correlational design was used in establishing this study since it is a

quantitative method of research in which the researchers have 2 or more variables and are

trying to determine if there is a relationship between the present variables (Waters, 2017).

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Locale

The study was conducted at the Lyceum of the Philippines University - Cavite Campus

as the preferred respondents are students of the university.

Sources of Data

The group gathered primary data by conducting a survey among Science, Technology,

Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) students in the Lyceum of the Philippines University

– Cavite. Questionnaire concerning the impact of sleep deprivation towards the academic

performance was distributed.

On the other hand, secondary data used in the study are gathered from internet sources

and books.

Research Instrument

Researchers used the survey questionnaire in gathering data. In choosing this, the group

created a 13 – item survey-questionnaire answerable by Strongly Agree (5), Slightly Agree (4),

Neither Agree nor Disagree (3), Slightly Disagree (2), and Strongly Disagree (1).

The survey-questionnaire was answered by STEM students of Lyceum of the

Philippines University Cavite, and aimed to determine the impact of sleep deprivation in their

academic performance.

Data Analysis

The data were gathered in response to the problems stated in the Chapter 1. The goal

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of this research study is to find out whether there is a significant relationship between sleep

deprivation and academic performance.

The study employed quantitative data analysis procedure where descriptive statistic

frequency was used. Thirty surveys in form of questionnaire were given to STEM students

both from morning and afternoon classes of the Lyceum of the Philippines University- Cavite.

Gathered information were analyzed through tables and figures to summarize data which is an

organized tabulation of the number of individuals and scores located under each categories of

frequency distribution. From the table, results are reported from the surveyed students being

sleep deprived and the impacts encountered with the said situation.

A 13 – item questionnaire was given to the selected STEM senior high school students

of Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite. Each of the answers from the different

questions will correspond to a certain interpretation.

The following tables were used as a basis on to interpret and analyze the data gathered:

Table 1. Scale of Sleep Deprivation Experiences

Rating Scale Adjectival Scale Main Interval Scale Verbal

Interpretation

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1 Strongly Disagree 1.0 – 1.75 Never experienced

2 Disagree 1.76 – 2.50 Rarely experienced

3 Neither agree or 2.51 – 3.25 Slightly experienced

disagree

4 Agree 3.26 – 4.00 Moderately

experienced

5 Strongly Agree 4.01 – 5.00 Always experienced

Based from the Mean Interval Scale, data results can be interpreted as:

Never experienced. The participant has not encountered having negative effects on

his/her cognitive skills, mood and/or motor due to being sleep deprived, therefore, the

participant has not experienced any of them at all.

Rarely experienced. The participant has infrequently encountered having negative

effects on his/her cognitive skills, mood and/or motor due to being sleep deprived, in other

words, the participant seldom experiences it.

Slightly experienced. The participant has sometimes but not often encountered having

negative effects on his/her cognitive skills, mood and/or motor due to being sleep deprived,

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hence, the participant experiences it once in a while.

Moderately experienced. The participant has frequently encountered having negative

effects on his/her cognitive skills, mood and/or motor due to being sleep deprived, in other

words, the participant repeatedly experiences it in numerous occasions.

Always experienced. The participant has constantly encountered having negative

effects on his/her cognitive skills, mood and/or motor due to being sleep deprived.

Table 2. Scale of respondents’ GWA

Rating Scale Adjectival Scale Main Interval Scale Verbal

Interpretation

90-99 High 2.0 – 1.75 Rarely affected

80-89 Average 1.76 – 2.50 Normally affected

70-79 Low Average 2.51 – 3.25 Moderately affected

60-69 Low 3.26 – 4.00 Strongly affected

Based from the Mean Interval Scale, data results can be interpreted as:

Rarely affected. The participant experiences sleep deprivation but still has a high

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GWA, therefore, his/her GWA is seldom affected of sleep deprivation.

Normally affected. The participant experiences sleep deprivation but still has an

average GWA, therefore, his/her GWA is averagely affected of sleep deprivation.

Moderately affected. The participant experiences sleep deprivation but still has a low

average GWA, therefore, his/her GWA is frequently affected of sleep deprivation.

Strongly affected. The participant experiences sleep deprivation but still has a low

GWA, therefore, his/her GWA is affected of sleep deprivation.

Data Gathering Procedure

First, the researchers consulted their professor in the subject Practical Research II to

validate the instruments they constructed and a faculty of CITHM to validate the survey

questionnaire and checklist.. After the instruments have been validated, the researchers

conducted a small-scale trial to check if the problems of the study can be answered by the

instruments. Then, the researchers formally asked a permission from the headmaster in

Lyceum of the Philippines University-Cavite International School to conduct the study.

The researchers selected the respondents who are Senior High School students of

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) strand. Then the researchers

arranged a schedule to conduct the study that will be convenient to the respondents.

For this study, there were two sources of information: primary data source using the

survey questionnaire distributed to the respondents and the secondary data source from books,

journals, related research, and internet sources.


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The secondary data were gathered and can be shown through the review of related

literature and studies which were obtained through books, journals, and internet source.

The data for this research were collected using a survey questionnaire. The survey was

created using questions modified from related research and questions formed by the

researchers. The questionnaires comprised of 13 questions.

The questionnaires were then distributed to 30 students of the Lyceum of the Philippines

University Cavite.

The researchers started the program by instructing the students on how to fill up the

survey questionnaires and assured them the confidentiality of their responses. They asked the

students to fill out the form regarding their demographic profile (age and gender).

Subsequently, the 13 – item questionnaire was answered by checking the boxes that best

correspond to the answers and to the level of agreement of the respondents on the given

statements which was estimated to take up less than 10 minutes of the respondent’s time.

After having the tests done, the researchers personally collected the outputs of the

respondents. The researchers used Microsoft Excel to compute the gathered data. The data

gathered from the students’ answers were analyzed to determine the impact of sleep

deprivation on academic performance of Lyceum of the Philippines University-Cavite.

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10. Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S.M. et al, National Sleep Foundation’s sleep

time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health. 2015;1:40–

43.

11. J. F. Gaultney PhD (2010) The Prevalence of Sleep Disorders in College Students:

Impact on Academic Performance, Journal of American College Health, 59:2, 91-97.

12. L. Leonidas (2014), “Students need more sleep”. Philippine Daily Inquirer from

http://opinion.inquirer.net/69035/students-need-more-sleep.

13. M. A. Short, Ph.D., S. Banks, Ph.D. (2014) Centre for Sleep Research, University of

South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

14. Morgenthaler, T. (2014). How many hours of sleep are enough for good health? Mayo

Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Retrieved from

http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/adult-health/expert-answers/how-manyhours-of-

sleep-are-enough/faq-20057898.

15. Office of Communications and Public Liaison, National Institute of Neurological

Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.

16. P. Gilbert, Steven & Weaver, Cameron. (2010). Sleep Quality and Academic

Performance in University Students: A Wake-Up Call for College Psychologists. Journal of

College Student Psychotherapy. 24. 295-306. 10.1080/87568225.2010.509245.

17. P. S. Soliven (2016), “Sleepless sleep”. The Philippine Star from

http://www.philstar.com/education-and-home/2016/05/26/1587063/sleepless-sleep.

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18. T. Arceo-Dumlao (2014), “Filipinos have worst health habits in Asia, says study”.

Philippine Daily Inquirer from http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/175286/filipinos-have-worst-health-

habits-in-asia-says-study/.

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APPENDICES

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APPENDIX I

Research Instrument

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General Instruction: Please fill in all the details needed on the blanks

provided and check the box that corresponds to your answer.

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Name(optional):__________________________________________________

Section:_________________________________________________________

Gender: Female Male

Age: 16 17 18

Direction: Check the box that best corresponds to your level of agreement

towards the statements given below.

5 – Strongly agree

4 – Agree

3 – Neither agree nor disagree

2 – Disagree

1 – Strongly disagree

STATEMENT 5 4 3 2 1

I. Cognitive Skills

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1. Due to insufficient sleep, I feel that my

academic performance is hindered.

2. Due to lack of sleep, I am unable to focus

during exams.

3. On the day where I did not get sufficient

sleep the night before, I find it hard to stay

awake/focused during my classes.

4. I often find myself cramming for most of my

exams.

II. Mood

5. On average, I fall asleep at night easily.

6. I feel that I am irritable when I have less

sleep.

7. I feel that I have less motivation throughout

the day when I have less sleep.

8. School workload does not impact my ability

to feel well rested.

III. Motor

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9. After a night of very little sleep, I experience

clumsiness or awkward movements.

10. I feel that I have less energy after a night of

very little sleep.

What is your current G.W.A?

60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99

1. Written Works

2. Performance Task

3. Exams

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APPENDIX II

Letter of Approval

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LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY – CAVITE

International High School

General Trias, Cavite

October 26, 2017

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Mhar Angelo Bayot

Head Master

Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite, IS

Dear Sir:

Pleasant Greetings!

We are currently taking up the subject Practical Research II and in partial fulfillment for this

subject, we are presently doing our research and would like to ask permission from your office

to conduct a survey for our research entitled, “Impact of Sleep Deprivation on the Academic

Performance of the Selected Students of Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite”.

Your approval to conduct this study will be deeply appreciated.

Thank you in advance for your interest and assistance with this research.

Sincerely,

Olsen M. Costa

Kate Zinnia P. Cubcubin

Krizia Camil R. Dimailig

Danielle May Edjan

Aaron Ace Joshua F. Erni

Maria Isidra Cassandra M. Garcia

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LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Ye Il Kim

Shelley O. Lu

Anne Jelene R. Mojica

Lizbeth Angelika N. Pucate

James Jardi A. Renzales

Kimberly P. Reyes

Researchers

Noted by: Approved by:

Mr. Kier Martin Evangelista Mr. Mhar Angelo A.

Bayot

Professor, Practical Research Headmaster, International

School

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APPENDIX III

Research Instrument Validation

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LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY

International School

General Trias, Cavite

October 27, 2017

Ms. Sharmaine S. Herrera

Faculty of CITHM

Dear Ma’am:

Good day!

We, the grade 12 students of Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite from section

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STEM 2112 are in the process of writing a research study entitled “Impact of Sleep

Deprivation on Academic Performance among Selected Lyceum of the Philippines

University – Cavite Students,” as one of the requirements for our subject Practical Research

2.

Objectives of the study:

The main inquiry of this study is to determine the impact of sleep deprivation on the

selected STEM students from the Senior High School department of Lyceum of the Philippines

University – Cavite.

Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions:

1. How may the demographic profile of the students be described in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

2. What is the level of impact of sleep deprivation to selected students of Lyceum of the

selected students of the Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite in terms of:

2.1 Cognitive Skills

2.2 Mood

2.3 Motor Skills

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3. What is the level of the academic performance of the selected students of Lyceum of

the Philippines University – Cavite who are sleep deprived in terms of:

3.1 Performance Task

3.2 Written Works

3.3 Exam

Methodology:

The researchers will be utilizing a descriptive and correlational research method in the

form of survey questionnaire as a primary instrument in gathering data with regards to the

demographic profile of the respondents and frequency level of students encountering sleep

deprivation.

With your expertise, we are humbly asking for your permission to validate the attached

survey questionnaire and checklist using the attached validation sheet.

We are looking forward that our request would merit your positive response.

Thank you for your time and God bless!

Respectfully,

Costal, Olsen M. Erni, Aeron Ace Joshua F. Mojica, Anne Jelene R.

Cubcubin, Kate Zinnia P. Garcia, Cassandra M. Pucate, Lizbeth N.


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Dimailig, Krizia Camil R. Kim, Yeil Renzales, James A.

Edjan, Danielle May A. Lu, Shelley O. Reyes, Kimberly P.

Researchers

Noted by:

Mr. Kier Martin Evangelista Ms. Michelle Chung Wu – Crucido Mr. Mhar Angelo Bayot

Research Adviser IS Coordinator Headmaster

Approved by:

_______________________

Signature over printed name

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APPENDIX IV

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Researcher’s Profile

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Full Name: Olsen M. Costa

Address: Buna Lejos II, Indang, Cavite

Cellphone No: 09205869286

Email Address: Olsencosta17@yahoo.com

Birthplace: Dasmariñas City, Cavite

Birthday: October 4, 1999

Gender: Male

Civil status: Single

Age: 18 years old

Religion: Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines Cavite

Junior High School: Royal Palm Academy of Cavite Inc.

Elementary: Royal Palm Academy of Cavite Inc.,

Kindergarten: Royal Palm Academy of Cavite

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Dancing, playing basketball and tennis,

Motto: If you believe, you can achieve

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Full Name: Kate Zinnia P. Cubcubin

Address: 137 Buenavista 1 General Trias City, Cavite

Cellphone no: 09491970929

Email Address: kzcubcubin@yahoo.com

Birthplace: Cavite City, Cavite

Birthday: September 14, 1999

Gender: Female

Civil Status: Single

Age: 18 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Governor Ferrer Memorial National High School

Elementary: Our Lady of Remedios Montessori School

Kindergarten: Our Lady of Remedios Montessori School

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Reading, Watching TV series, Drawing.

Motto: Feel the fear and do it anyway

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Full Name: Krizia Camil R. Dimailig

Address: Pasong Kawayan 1 General Trias Cavite

Cellphone no: 09179133037

Email Address: krzcmldmlg@yahoo.com

Birthplace: Batangas

Birthday: November 26, 1999

Gender: Female

Civil Status: Single

Age: 17 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

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Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Governor Ferrer Memorial National High School

Elementary: Pasong Kawayan 1 Elementary School

Kindergarten: Pasong Kawayan 1 Elementary School

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Listening to music, watching vlogs, and reading blogs

Motto: Nothing worth having comes easy

Full Name: Danielle May A. Edjan

Address: Brgy. Hugo Perez Trece Martires City

Cellphone no: 09278125003

Email Address: dandanedjan@gmail.com

Birthplace: General Trias City, Cavite

Birthday: May 01,1999

Gender: Female

Civil Status: Single

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Age: 18 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Gazellian College Foundation Inc.

Elementary: Gazellian College Foundation Inc.

Kindergarten: Gazellian College Foundation Inc.

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Playing badminton, Dancing, and Taking care of pets

Motto: Always do what you are afraid to do

Full Name: Aeron Ace Joshua F. Erni

Address: Blk. 241 Lt. 37 Metrogate Subd.,

Trece Martirez City, Cavite

Cellphone no: 09177608114

Email Address: ace.erni.24@gmail.com

Birthplace: Tanza Cavite

Birthday: November 25, 1999

Gender: Male

Civil Status: Single

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Age: 17 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Elim Christian Academy

Elementary: Notre Dame Academy, New Generation International School, & Dei Gracia

Academy

Kindergarten: Golden Heart Preschool

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Playing basketball, parkour, videogames, writing, reading,

Art, and Photography

Motto: Fight it, Take the pain, Ignite it.

Full Name: Maria Isidra Cassandra M.Garcia

Address: Blk 9 Lot 7 Jordan Subd., Noveleta City,

Cavite

Cellphone no: 09976019366

Email Address: cassandra.garcia65@yahoo.com

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Birthplace: Rosario, Cavite

Birthday: June 22, 2000

Gender: Female

Civil Status: Single

Age: 17 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Patnubay Academy

Elementary: Patnubay Academy

Kindergarten: Patnubay Academy

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Singing and Dancing

Motto: Find a way or make one

Full Name: Ye Il Kim

Address: La Mediterranea, Sampaloc IV,

Dasmariñas City, Cavite

Cellphone No: 09959643745

Email Address: yeil99@naver.com

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Birthplace: Incheon, South Korea

Birthday: Oct 15, 1999

Gender: Male

Civil Status: Single

Age: 18 years old

Religion: Christian

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Elementary: Incheon Ma-jang Elementary

Kindergarten: World of Kindergarten, Incheon

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Watching movie and interested in mathematics

Motto: If you do not walk, you will run tomorrow.

Full Name: Shelley O. Lu

Address: Blk 7 Lot 7 Beverly Homes Brgy.

Hugo Perez Trece Martires City Cavite

Cellphone no: 09054124124

Email Address: shyski20@hotmail.com

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Birthplace: Bacoor, Cavite

Birthday: April 20, 1999

Gender: Female

Civil Status: Single

Age: 18 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Saint Jude Parish School

Elementary: Academia de Alexandria

Kindergarten: University of Perpetual Help System DALTA

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Photography and Digital Art

Motto: See the good in everything.

Full Name: Anne Jelene R. Mojica

Address: 0461, Brgy. San Agustin,

Trece Martires City

Cellphone no: 09481774933

Email Address: annemojica17@gmail.com

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Birthplace: Brgy. De Ocampo, Trece Martires City, Cavite

Birthday: November 17,1999

Gender: Female

Civil Status: Single

Age: 17 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Trece Martires National High School and Lyceum of the Philippines

University – Cavite

Junior High School: Trece Martires National High School

Elementary: Krislizz International Academy

Kindergarten: Krislizz International Academy

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Photography, cooking and playing badminton

Motto: If you get tired, learn to rest, not to quit.

Full Name: Lizbeth Angelika N. Pucate

Address: Mary Cris Complex, General Trias, Cavite

Cellphone no: 09757147092

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Email Address: lizbethxpucate@gmail.com

Birthplace: Quezon City

Birthday: June 15,1999

Gender: Female

Civil Status: Single

Age: 18 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Family Life Integrated Montessori School

Elementary: Family Life Integrated Montessori School

Kindergarten: Family Life Integrated Montessori School

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Writing calligraphy and drinking coffee

Motto: Don't be afraid, just have faith.

Full Name: James Jardi Alba Renzales

Address: Blk 2 Lot 12, Lapaz Homes II, Brgy. Cabezas,

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Trece Martirez City, Cavite

Cellphone No: 09956370016

Email Address: jjrenzales@gmail.com

Birthplace: Dasmariñas City, Cavite

Birthday: June 03, 2000

Gender: Male

Civil Status: Single

Age: 17 years old

Religion: Christian

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Saint Francis Academy-La Salle Greenhills Supervised

Elementary: Dasmariñas Elementary School

Kindergarten: Jesus Son of Mary Academy

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Playing Basketball and reading some devotional books

Motto: Nothing is impossible with God

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Full Name: Kimberly P. Reyes

Address: City Homes Resort Ville, Langkaan II,

Dasmariñas City, Cavite

Cellphone no: 09368042121

Email Address: kimberlyperlinreyes@gmail.com

Birthplace: Dasmariñas City, Cavite

Birthday: November 24, 1999

Gender: Female

Civil Status: Single

Age: 17 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Secondary

Senior High School: Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite

Junior High School: Langkaan II National High School

Elementary: Christar Academy Inc.,

Kindergarten: Christar Academy Inc.,

Skills, Hobbies, & Interest: Reading book, watching bands, and journalistic writing

Motto: It is better to take the hardship of education than to taste the bitterness of ignorance.

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