h1 ≔ 3.6 m h2 ≔ 3.6 m h3 ≔ 3.6 m h4 ≔ 3.6 m h5 ≔ 3.

6 m
2 2 2 2
s s s s
m1 ≔ 18 tonf ⋅ ― m2 ≔ 18 tonf ⋅ ― m3 ≔ 18 tonf ⋅ ― m4 ≔ 18 tonf ⋅ ―
m2 m m m
s
m5 ≔ 18 tonf ⋅ ― E ≔ 29000 ksi
m

4 4 4 4
I1 ≔ 2535.28 cm I2 ≔ 2535.28 cm I3 ≔ 2535.28 cm I4 ≔ 2535.28 cm
4
I5 ≔ 2535.28 cm
I1 I1 I1 I1
k1 ≔ 12 ⋅ E ⋅ ―― k2 ≔ 12 ⋅ E ⋅ ―― k3 ≔ 12 ⋅ E ⋅ ―― k4 ≔ 12 ⋅ E ⋅ ――
3 3 3 3
h1 h1 h1 h1

I1
k5 ≔ 12 ⋅ E ⋅ ――
3
h1
⎡ k1 + k2 −k2 0 0 0 ⎤ ⎡ m1 0 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢ −k2 k2 + k3 −k3 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 0 m2 0 0 0 ⎥
K≔ ⎢ 0 −k3 k3 + k4 −k4 0 ⎥ M ≔ ⎢ 0 0 m3 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 −k4 k4 + k5 −k5 ⎥ ⎢ 0 0 0 m4 0 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 0 −k5 k5 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 0 0 0 0 m5 ⎥⎦

Cálculo de valores y vectores propios

⎡ VP ⎤
‾‾‾‾‾
4,0
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ‾‾‾‾‾
VP ⎥ ⎡ 0.13 ⎤ ⎡ 7.74 ⎤
⎢ 3,0
⎥ ⎢ 0.38 ⎥ ⎢ 2.65 ⎥
1 ω ⎢ ⎥ 1 1 ⎢
VP ≔ genvals (K , M)) ― ω ≔ ⎢ ‾‾‾‾‾
VP ⎥ f ≔ ―― = 0.59 ― T ≔ ― = 1.68 ⎥ s
s
2
⎢
2,0
⎥ 2 ⋅ π ⎢ 0.76 ⎥ s f ⎢ 1.31 ⎥
⎢ ‾‾‾‾‾
VP ⎥ ⎢⎣ 0.87 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 1.15 ⎥⎦
⎡ VP ⎤ 1,0
Ω2 ≔ ⎢ 4,0 ⎢ ⎥
⎥ ‾‾‾‾‾
⎣ ⋱⎦ ⎢ VP ⎥
⎣ 0,0 ⎦

⎡ 0.55 −0.92 1.00 −0.76 0.28 ⎤ EN MATHCAD LA ULTIMA

⎢ −0.92 0.76 0.28 −1.00 0.55 ⎥ FILA CORRESPONDE AL
PHI ≔ genvecs (K , M) = ⎢ 1.00 0.28 −0.92 −0.55 0.76 ⎥ PISO MAS ALTO Y LA
⎢ −0.76 −1.00 −0.55 0.28 0.92 ⎥ ULTIMA COLUMNA A LA
⎢⎣ 0.28 0.55 0.76 0.92 1.00 ⎥⎦ PRIMERA FRECUENCIA
NATURAL

⟨4⟩⟩ ⟨3⟩⟩ ⟨2⟩⟩ ⟨1⟩⟩ ⟨0⟩⟩

ϕ1 ≔ PHI ϕ2 ≔ PHI ϕ3 ≔ PHI ϕ4 ≔ PHI ϕ5 ≔ PHI

⎡ 0.28 −0.76 1.00 −0.92 0.55 ⎤

⎢ 0.55 −1.00 0.28 0.76 −0.92 ⎥
Φ ≔ augment (ϕ1 , ϕ2 , ϕ3 , ϕ4 , ϕ5) = ⎢ 0.76 −0.55 −0.92 0.28 1.00 ⎥
⎢ 0.92 0.28 −0.55 −1.00 −0.76 ⎥
⎢⎣ 1.00 0.92 0.76 0.55 0.28 ⎥⎦
La ortogonalidad de los modos da origen a las matrices
diagonales Ko y Mo:
T
Ki ≔ Φ ⋅ K ⋅ Φ
T
Mi ≔ Φ ⋅ M ⋅ Φ
⎡ 0.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ⎤
⎢ 0.00 5.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 ⎥
−1 1
Ki ⋅ Mi = ⎢ 0.00 0.00 13.97 0.00 0.00 ⎥ ―
2
⎢ 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.05 0.00 ⎥ s
⎢⎣ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.98 ⎥⎦

Si se escalan los modos de manera que se cumpla

Se dice que los modos son ortogonales y normalizados respecto a m

Cálculo de los factores de participación para las coordenadas modales

⎡1⎤ ⎡ 0.28 ⎤ ⎡ −0.76 ⎤ ⎡ 1.00 ⎤ ⎡ −0.92 ⎤ ⎡ 0.55 ⎤
⎢1⎥ ⎢ 0.55 ⎥ ⎢ −1.00 ⎥ ⎢ 0.28 ⎥ ⎢ 0.76 ⎥ ⎢ −0.92 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢
r ≔ 1 ϕ1 = 0.76 ⎥ ⎢
ϕ2 = −0.55 ⎥ ϕ3 = −0.92 ϕ4 = 0.28 ϕ5 = ⎢ 1.00 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢1⎥ ⎢ 0.92 ⎥ ⎢ 0.28 ⎥ ⎢ −0.55 ⎥ ⎢ −1.00 ⎥ ⎢ −0.76 ⎥
⎢⎣ 1 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 1.00 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 0.92 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 0.76 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 0.55 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 0.28 ⎥⎦

−1 ⋅ ⎛⎝ϕ1 ⋅ M ⋅ r⎞⎠ −1 ⋅ ⎛⎝ϕ3 ⋅ M ⋅ r⎞⎠

T T
τ1 ≔ ―――――― = −1.25 τ3 ≔ ―――――― = −0.21
⎛⎝ϕ1 T ⋅ M ⋅ ϕ1⎞⎠ ⎛⎝ϕ3 T ⋅ M ⋅ ϕ3⎞⎠

−1 ⋅ ⎛⎝ϕ2 ⋅ M ⋅ r⎞⎠ −1 ⋅ ⎛⎝ϕ4 ⋅ M ⋅ r⎞⎠

T T
τ2 ≔ ―――――― = 0.39 τ4 ≔ ―――――― = 0.12
⎛⎝ϕ2 T ⋅ M ⋅ ϕ2⎞⎠ ⎛⎝ϕ4 T ⋅ M ⋅ ϕ4⎞⎠

−1 ⋅ ⎛⎝ϕ5 ⋅ M ⋅ r⎞⎠
T
τ5 ≔ ―――――― = −0.05
⎛⎝ϕ5 T ⋅ M ⋅ ϕ5⎞⎠
1. Ahora se debe calcular la respuesta de cada modo
en coordenadas modales

2. Se deberá acoplar aplicando la ecuacion:

Hagamos el ejemplo para exitación armonica

La resuesta de 1GDL :

1 tonf
po ≔ 1 tonf
1
wf ≔ 2 ―
s
Modo 1:

k1f ≔ Ki k2f ≔ Ki k3f ≔ Ki

0,0 1,1 2,2

‾‾‾‾‾
Ki ‾‾‾‾‾
Ki ‾‾‾‾‾
Ki
0,0 1 1,1 1 2,2 1
w1 ≔ ―― = 0.81 ― w2 ≔ ―― = 2.37 ― w3 ≔ ―― = 3.74 ―
Mi s Mi s Mi s
0,0 1,1 2,2

k4f ≔ Ki k5f ≔ Ki ⎡ 0.81 ⎤

3,3 4,4
⎢ 2.37 ⎥
‾‾‾‾‾ ‾‾‾‾‾ 1
Ki Ki ω = ⎢ 3.74 ⎥ ―
3,3 1 4,4 1 ⎢ 4.80 ⎥ s
w4 ≔ ―― = 4.80 ― w5 ≔ ―― = 5.48 ―
Mi s Mi s ⎢⎣ 5.48 ⎥⎦
3,3 4,4

po 1 po 1
u1 (t) ≔ τ1 ⋅ ―― ⋅ 1 ―――― ⋅ sin (t) u2 (t) ≔ τ2 ⋅ ―― ⋅ 1 ―――― ⋅ sin (t)
2 2
k1f ⎛ wf ⎞ k2f ⎛ wf ⎞
1 − ⎜―― ⎟ 1 − ⎜――
⎝ w1 ⎠ ⎝ w2 ⎟⎠
po 1 po 1
u3 (t) ≔ τ3 ―― ⋅ 1 ―――― ⋅ sin (t) u4 (t) ≔ τ4 ⋅ ―― ⋅ 1 ―――― ⋅ sin (t)
2 2
k3f ⎛ wf ⎞ k4f ⎛ wf ⎞
1 − ⎜―― 1 − ⎜――
⎝ w3 ⎟⎠ ⎝ w4 ⎟⎠
po 1
u5 (t) ≔ τ5 ⋅ ―― ⋅ 1 ―――― ⋅ sin (t)
2
k5f ⎛ wf ⎞
1 − ⎜――
⎝ w5 ⎟⎠

x1 (t) ≔ u1 (t) ⋅ ϕ1 + u2 (t) ⋅ ϕ2 + u3 (t) ⋅ ϕ3 + u4 (t) ⋅ ϕ4 + u5 (t) ⋅ ϕ5

0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0

x2 (t) ≔ u1 (t) ⋅ ϕ1 + u2 (t) ⋅ ϕ2 + u3 (t) ⋅ ϕ3 + u4 (t) ⋅ ϕ4 + u5 (t) ⋅ ϕ5

1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0

x3 (t) ≔ u1 (t) ⋅ ϕ1 + u2 (t) ⋅ ϕ2 + u3 (t) ⋅ ϕ3 + u4 (t) ⋅ ϕ4 + u5 (t) ⋅ ϕ5

2,0 2,0 2,0 2,0 2,0

x4 (t) ≔ u1 (t) ⋅ ϕ1 + u2 (t) ⋅ ϕ2 + u3 (t) ⋅ ϕ3 + u4 (t) ⋅ ϕ4 + u5 (t) ⋅ ϕ5

3,0 3,0 3,0 3,0 3,0

x5 (t) ≔ u1 (t) ⋅ ϕ1 + u2 (t) ⋅ ϕ2 + u3 (t) ⋅ ϕ3 + u4 (t) ⋅ ϕ4 + u5 (t) ⋅ ϕ5

4,0 4,0 4,0 4,0 4,0

t ≔ 0 , 0.1 ‥ 9
 0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00 x1 (t) (m)

0.00 x2 (t) (m)

0.00 0.90 1.80 2.70 3.60 4.50 5.40 6.30 7.20 8.10 9.00

0.00
x3 (t) (m)

-0.01
x4 (t)) (m)

x5 (t) (m)
-0.01

-0.01

-0.01

⎛1 ⎞
t ⎜― ⋅s
⎝ s ⎟⎠