PS Active Package Management (GBSS15.0 - 02)

GSM BSS
GBSS15.0
PS Active Package Management

Feature Parameter Description
Issue 02
Date 2013-11-15
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2017. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written
consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or
representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Industrial Base
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Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
GSM BSS
PS Active Package Management Feature Parameter
Description Contents
Contents
1 About This Document.................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Scope.............................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Intended Audience.......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Change History............................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Overview......................................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.2 NEs Supporting the Feature............................................................................................................................................4
3 Technical Description...................................................................................................................5
4 Related Features.............................................................................................................................8
5 Engineering Guidelines............................................................................................................... 9
5.1 Deploying PS Active Package Management.................................................................................................................. 9
5.1.1 Deployment Requirements.......................................................................................................................................... 9
5.1.2 Activation.................................................................................................................................................................. 10
5.1.3 Activation Observation.............................................................................................................................................. 11
5.1.4 Deactivation...............................................................................................................................................................12
6 Parameters..................................................................................................................................... 13
7 Counters........................................................................................................................................ 18
8 Glossary......................................................................................................................................... 19
9 Reference Documents................................................................................................................. 20
Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

GSM BSS
Description 1 About This Document
1 About This Document
1.1 Scope
This document describes GBFD-119904 PS Active Package Management, including its
technical principles, related features, and engineering guidelines.
1.2 Intended Audience

This document is intended for personnel who:
l Need to understand the features described herein

l Work with Huawei products
1.3 Change History

This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There are
two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
l Feature change
Changes in features of a specific product version
l Editorial change
Changes in wording or addition of information that was not described in the earlier
version
02 (2013-11-15)
This issue includes the following changes.
Change Type Change Description Parameter Change
Feature change None None
Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

GSM BSS
Description 1 About This Document
Editorial change None Added the following

parameters:
l AqmM(BSC6900,
BSC6910)
l AqmNinit(BSC69
00,BSC6910)
01 (2013-05-06)
This issue does not include any changes.
Draft A (2013-02-27)
Compared with Issue 01 (2012-04-28) of GBSS14.0, Draft A (2013-02-27) of GBSS15.0
includes the following changes.
Feature change l Added descriptions about the BSC6910. None

l Added descriptions about the eGBTS.
l Added 2.2 NEs Supporting the Feature.
Editorial change Added 5.1 Deploying PS Active Package None

Management.

GSM BSS
Description 2 Overview
2 Overview
2.1 Introduction
The PS Active Package Management feature applies an algorithm called Active Queue
Management (AQM). With this algorithm, the BSC maintains the buffer queue length within
an appropriate range by discarding packets in the buffer queue. This increases the throughput
and reduces service delay at the price of low buffer utilization.
This feature applies to scenarios in which bandwidth is limited and congestion is likely to
occur. It not only ensures high link utilization but also reduces the delay of services that
require high interactivity. In addition, it ensures fair utilization of bandwidth among services
and increases the throughput.
Compared with the wired link bandwidth, the wireless link bandwidth is small. Therefore, the
wireless link bandwidth bottlenecks the end-to-end data transmission. This feature can relieve
network congestion due to excessive transmission control protocol (TCP) data flows. When
network congestion occurs, AQM enables the BSC to discard packets actively according to a
specified packet discarding policy. After detecting packet loss, the TCP receiver informs the
TCP transmitter of the packet loss by using the retransmission acknowledgement mechanism.
Then, the TCP transmitter decreases the size of the transmit window according to the
congestion control mechanism, reducing the transmission rate. This relieves the network
congestion.
At present, most data services use the TCP. The TCP protocol, however, has its limitations.
When multiple TCP connections are set up at the same time in the communications system,
one TCP connection may occupy higher bandwidth, and as a result, the transmission delay is
long for other TCP connections. For example, a user clicks an area on a Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP) web page when file transfer protocol (FTP) downloading is ongoing. In such
a case, a long time elapses before the corresponding web page is displayed because the link
resource is occupied by the FTP service. If this feature is used, the BSC actively discards
packets for services with excessive traffic while ensuring high link utilization. This decreases
the data transmission rate and therefore reduces the delay of services that require high
interactivity. This also ensures fair utilization of bandwidth among services.
PS Active Package Management is applicable to interactive services, background services,

and best effort (BE) services (namely, services without QoS requirements). It is not applicable
to conversational services or streaming services.

GSM BSS
Description 2 Overview
2.2 NEs Supporting the Feature

Table 2-1 NEs supporting the feature
Feature BSC6900 BSC6910 GBTS eGBTS
PS Active √ √ √ √
Package
Management
NOTE
√ indicates that the NE supports this feature. × indicates that the NE does not support this feature.

GSM BSS
Description 3 Technical Description
3 Technical Description
Parameters
To enable PS Active Package Management (that is, to enable the AQM algorithm), set
AqmSwitch(BSC6900,BSC6910) to OPEN(Open). In addition, set the following related
parameters in specific application scenarios:
l AQM Congestion Threshold
This parameter specifies the lower threshold at which the buffer queue is congested. If
the buffer queue length exceeds this threshold, packets are discarded actively.
l AQM Maximum Threshold
This parameter specifies the upper threshold for the buffer queue length. If the buffer
queue length exceeds this threshold, a packet is discarded each time it arrives at the
queue.
l AQM Target Threshold
This parameter specifies the target threshold at which the buffer queue is congested. This
parameter is used to adjust the interval at which packets are discarded.
l Aqm Ninit
This parameter specifies the initial value of the interval (indicated by N) at which
packets in the buffer queue are discarded. The value of N indicates the frequency at
which packets are discarded. The larger the value of N, the lower the frequency of
discarding packets, and a less number of packets are discarded over a certain period of
time.
l AQM Packet Discard Interval Lower Threshold
This parameter specifies the lower threshold of the interval (indicated by N) at which
packets in the buffer queue are discarded.
l AQM Packet Discard Interval Upper Threshold
This parameter specifies the upper threshold of the interval (indicated by N) at which
packets in the buffer queue are discarded.
l Aqm M
This parameter specifies the frequency (indicated by M) of updating the value of N, that
is, how many packets are transmitted before the value of N is updated.

GSM BSS
Policy for Discarding Packets

PS Active Package Management is implemented in the BSC. For interactive services,
background services, or BE services, this feature manages the buffer queue of downlink LLC
PDUs of each MS.
The key part of PS Active Package Management is the packet discarding policy. Huawei PS
Active Package Management uses the following packet discarding policy:
l If the length of the buffer queue is smaller than AqmMinTh(BSC6900,BSC6910), no

packet is discarded.
l If the length of the buffer queue is greater than AqmMinTh(BSC6900,BSC6910) and
smaller than AqmMaxTh(BSC6900,BSC6910), a packet is discarded each time N
packets arrive at the queue.
l If the length of the buffer queue is greater than AqmMaxTh(BSC6900,BSC6910), a
packet is discarded each time a packet arrives at the queue. The two methods of
discarding packets are tail drop and head drop. PS Active Package Management uses the
head drop method.
Based on the relationships among the length of the buffer queue,

AqmMinTh(BSC6900,BSC6910), and AqmTarTh(BSC6900,BSC6910), the AQM algorithm
adjusts the interval at which packets are discarded. PS Active Package Management changes
the value of N based on the value of M. The algorithm of dynamically adjusting the value of
N is as follows:
l If the length of the buffer queue is greater than AqmTarTh(BSC6900,BSC6910) and

smaller than AqmMaxTh(BSC6900,BSC6910), the value of N is decreased by one each
time M packets arrive at the queue. Therefore, the number of packets that are discarded
over a certain period of time increases. When the value of N reaches
AqmNLowerBound(BSC6900,BSC6910), it no longer decreases.
l If the length of the buffer queue is greater than AqmMinTh(BSC6900,BSC6910) and
smaller than AqmTarTh(BSC6900,BSC6910), the value of N is increased by one each
time M packets arrive at the queue. Therefore, the number of packets that are discarded
over a certain period of time decreases. When the value of N reaches
AqmNUpBound(BSC6900,BSC6910), it no longer increases.
NOTE
The values of M and N are specified by AqmM(BSC6900,BSC6910) and

AqmNinit(BSC6900,BSC6910), respectively.
Technologies Related to PS Active Package Management

l Methods of discarding packets
PS Active Package Management supports two methods of discarding packets: head drop
and tail drop. In the head drop method, packets at the head of the buffer are discarded
when necessary. In the tail drop method, new packets are discarded when necessary. The
response speed in the head drop method is faster than that in the tail drop method. In
addition, in the head drop method, packets are not continuously discarded. Huawei PS
Active Package Management uses the head drop method.
l Service types supported by PS Active Package Management
PS Active Package Management is applicable to interactive services, background
services, and BE services. It is not applicable to conversational services or streaming
services.

GSM BSS
l Upper-layer protocols supported by PS Active Package Management

The logical link control (LLC) layer provides services for the upper-layer sub-network
dependent convergence (SNDC), GPRS mobility management (GMM), short message
service (SMS), and tunneling of messages (TOM) protocols. This feature manages only
the LLC PDU queues which provide services for the SNDC protocol.

GSM BSS
Description 4 Related Features
4 Related Features
Prerequisite Features
None
Mutually Exclusive Features

None
Impacted Features
None

GSM BSS
Description 5 Engineering Guidelines
5 Engineering Guidelines
5.1 Deploying PS Active Package Management
5.1.1 Deployment Requirements

Table 5-1 Deployment requirements
Aspect Requirement
Related See 4 Related Features.

features
BSC A built-in packet control unit (PCU), PS service processing boards, and
Gb interface boards have been configured.
BTS None
GSM None
networking
MS None
MSC None
License The license controlling this feature has been activated. For details on how
to activate the license, see License Management Feature Parameter
Description. For details about license items, see License Control Item
Description.
Others None

GSM BSS
5.1.2 Activation
Using MML Commands
On the BSC LMT, run the SET BSCPSSOFTPARA command with AQM Switch set to
OPEN(Open) and the following parameter set to appropriate values:
l AQM Congestion Threshold
l AQM Target Threshold
l AQM Maximum Threshold
l AQM Packet Discard Initial Interval
l AQM Packet Discard Interval Lower Threshold
l AQM Packet Discard Interval Upper Threshold
l AQM N Update Interval
You are advised to set these parameters to recommended values.
MML Command Examples

SET BSCPSSOFTPARA: AqmMinTh=256, AqmTarTh=384, AqmMaxTh=1024,
AqmSwitch=OPEN, AqmNinit=20, AqmNLowerBound=10, AqmNUpBound=20,
AqmM=20;
Using the CME

NOTE
When configuring the PS Active Package Management feature on the CME, you must perform a single
configuration first, and then perform batch modifications if required.
You must perform a single configuration for a parameter before batch modifications of the parameter.
You are advised to perform batch modifications before logging out of the parameter setting interface.
Step 1 Configure a single object on the CME. (CME single configuration)

Set parameters on the CME configuration interface according to the operation sequence
described in Table 5-2. For the method of performing the CME single configuration, see
CME Single Configuration Operation Guide.
Step 2 (Optional) Modify objects in batches on the CME. (CME batch modification center)
To modify objects, such as BSCs, BTSs, cells, and TRXs, in batches, click the icon on the
CME configuration interface to start the batch modification wizard. For the method of
performing batch modifications through the CME batch modification center, press F1 on the
wizard interface to obtain online help.
----End

GSM BSS
Table 5-2 Configuring parameters on the CME
SN Managed NE Parameter Parameter Supports

Object Name ID CME Batch
(MO) Modificati
on Center
1 BSCPSSOF BSC6900/ AQM AqmSwitch Yes

TPARA BSC6910 Switch
AQM AqmMinTh
Congestion
Threshold
AQM Target AqmTarTh

Threshold
AQM AqmMaxT
Maximum h
Threshold
AQM Packet AqmNinit

Discard
Initial
Interval
AQM Packet AqmNLowe

Discard rBound
Interval
Lower
Threshold
AQM Packet AqmNUpB

Discard ound
Interval
Upper
Threshold
AQM N AqmM
Update
Interval
5.1.3 Activation Observation

Step 1 Use an MS to download a large file whose size is equal to greater than 2 MB using the FTP.
After the download starts, use the MS to download a 200-KB small file.
Step 2 Check the FTP downloading result for the small file.
Expected result: After AQM Switch is set to OPEN(Open), the time for small file
downloading becomes short. However, the download rate for large files decreases during the
small file downloading.
----End

GSM BSS
5.1.4 Deactivation
Using MML Commands

On the BSC LMT, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Run the SET BSCPSSOFTPARA command with AQM Switch set to CLOSE(Close).
Step 2 Run the LST BSCPSSOFTPARA command to query the value of AQM Switch.
Expected result: The value of AQM Switch is Close.
----End
MML Command Examples

SET BSCPSSOFTPARA: AqmSwitch=CLOSE;
LST BSCPSSOFTPARA:;
Using the CME

NOTE
When configuring the PS Active Package Management feature on the CME, you must perform a single
configuration first, and then perform batch modifications if required.
You must perform a single configuration for a parameter before batch modifications of the parameter.
You are advised to perform batch modifications before logging out of the parameter setting interface.
Step 1 Configure a single object on the CME. (CME single configuration)
Set parameters on the CME configuration interface according to the operation sequence
described in Table 5-3. For the method of performing the CME single configuration, see
CME Single Configuration Operation Guide.
Step 2 (Optional) Modify objects in batches on the CME. (CME batch modification center)
To modify objects, such as BSCs, BTSs, cells, and TRXs, in batches, click the icon on the
CME configuration interface to start the batch modification wizard. For the method of
performing batch modifications through the CME batch modification center, press F1 on the
wizard interface to obtain online help.
----End
Table 5-3 Configuring parameters on the CME
SN MO NE Parameter Parameter Supports

Name ID CME Batch
Modificati
on Center
1 BSCPSSOF BSC6900/ AQM AqmSwitch Yes

TPARA BSC6910 Switch

GSM BSS
Description 6 Parameters
6 Parameters
Table 6-1 Parameters

Parame NE MML Feature Feature Description
ter ID Comma ID Name
nd
AqmM BSC690 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Update frequency of the value N (packet
0 BSCPS 19904 Active drop interval), indicating that the packet drop interval
SOFTP Package is updated after N packets are transmitted.
ARA Manage GUI Value Range: 1~65535
ment
Unit: packet
Actual Value Range: 1~65535
Default Value: 20
AqmM BSC691 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Update frequency of the value N (packet
0 BSCPS 19904 Active drop interval), indicating that the packet drop interval
SOFTP Package is updated after N packets are transmitted.
ment
Unit: packet
Default Value: 20

GSM BSS

nd
AqmNi BSC690 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Initial value of the interval (indicated by N)
nit 0 BSCPS 19904 Active at which the packets in the TBF buffer queue are
SOFTP Package discarded. The value N indicates the frequency of
ARA Manage discarding the packets in the TBF buffer queue. The
ment greater the value N, the lower the frequency of
discarding packets, and the smaller the number of
discarded packets within a certain period. The smaller
the value N, the greater the number of discarded
packets.
GUI Value Range: 1~65535
Unit: packet
Default Value: 20
AqmNi BSC691 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Initial value of the interval (indicated by N)
nit 0 BSCPS 19904 Active at which the packets in the TBF buffer queue are
SOFTP Package discarded. The value N indicates the frequency of
ARA Manage discarding the packets in the TBF buffer queue. The
ment greater the value N, the lower the frequency of
discarding packets, and the smaller the number of
discarded packets within a certain period. The smaller
the value N, the greater the number of discarded
packets.
Unit: packet
Default Value: 20
AqmSw BSC690 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: AQM switch

itch 0 BSCPS 19904 Active GUI Value Range: CLOSE(Close), OPEN(Open)
SOFTP Package
ARA Manage Unit: None
ment Actual Value Range: CLOSE, OPEN
Default Value: CLOSE(Close)
AqmSw BSC691 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: AQM switch

itch 0 BSCPS 19904 Active GUI Value Range: CLOSE(Close), OPEN(Open)
SOFTP Package
ARA Manage Unit: None
ment Actual Value Range: CLOSE, OPEN
Default Value: CLOSE(Close)

GSM BSS

nd
AqmMi BSC690 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Congestion threshold of the TBF buffer
nTh 0 BSCPS 19904 Active queue. If the congestion level in the TBF buffer queue
SOFTP Package exceeds this threshold, whether the packets are
ARA Manage discarded actively is determined according to the
ment packet discarding policy.
Unit: bit
Default Value: 256
AqmMi BSC691 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Congestion threshold of the TBF buffer
nTh 0 BSCPS 19904 Active queue. If the congestion level in the TBF buffer queue
SOFTP Package exceeds this threshold, whether the packets are
ARA Manage discarded actively is determined according to the
ment packet discarding policy.
Unit: bit
Default Value: 256
AqmMa BSC690 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Upper length threshold of the TBF buffer
xTh 0 BSCPS 19904 Active queue. If the length of the TBF buffer queue exceeds
SOFTP Package this threshold,the BSC determines whether to actively
ARA Manage discard data packets based on packet loss policies.
ment GUI Value Range: 1~65535
Unit: bit
Default Value: 1024
AqmMa BSC691 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Upper length threshold of the TBF buffer
xTh 0 BSCPS 19904 Active queue. If the length of the TBF buffer queue exceeds
SOFTP Package this threshold,the BSC determines whether to actively
ARA Manage discard data packets based on packet loss policies.
ment GUI Value Range: 1~65535
Unit: bit
Default Value: 1024

GSM BSS

nd
AqmTa BSC690 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Target threshold of the TBF buffer queue. If
rTh 0 BSCPS 19904 Active the length of the TBF buffer queue is greater than or
SOFTP Package equal to the target threshold specified by this
ARA Manage parameter, the BSC determines whether to actively
ment discard data packets based on packet loss policies.
Unit: bit
Default Value: 384
AqmTa BSC691 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Target threshold of the TBF buffer queue. If
rTh 0 BSCPS 19904 Active the length of the TBF buffer queue is greater than or
SOFTP Package equal to the target threshold specified by this
ARA Manage parameter, the BSC determines whether to actively
ment discard data packets based on packet loss policies.
Unit: bit
Default Value: 384
AqmNL BSC690 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Lower threshold of the interval for
owerBo 0 BSCPS 19904 Active discarding the packets in the TBF buffer queue, that
und SOFTP Package is, the minimum value of N (packet drop interval).
ment
Unit: packet
Default Value: 10
AqmNL BSC691 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Lower threshold of the interval for
owerBo 0 BSCPS 19904 Active discarding the packets in the TBF buffer queue, that
und SOFTP Package is, the minimum value of N (packet drop interval).
ment
Unit: packet
Default Value: 10
AqmNU BSC690 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Upper threshold of the interval for
pBound 0 BSCPS 19904 Active discarding the packets in the TBF buffer queue, that
SOFTP Package is, the maximum value of N (packet drop interval).
ment
Unit: packet
Default Value: 20

GSM BSS

nd
AqmNU BSC691 SET GBFD-1 PS Meaning: Upper threshold of the interval for
pBound 0 BSCPS 19904 Active discarding the packets in the TBF buffer queue, that
SOFTP Package is, the maximum value of N (packet drop interval).
ment
Unit: packet
Default Value: 20

GSM BSS
Description 7 Counters
7 Counters
There are no specific counters associated with this feature.

GSM BSS
Description 8 Glossary
8 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see Glossary.

GSM BSS
Description 9 Reference Documents
9 Reference Documents
1. 3GPP TS 44.060 "Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol"

2. 3GPP TS 23.107 "Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture"
3. 3GPP TS 48.018 "BSS GPRS Protocol (BSSGP)"


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PS Active Package Management

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

1 About This Document.................................................................................................................. 1

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

1 About This Document

1.2 Intended Audience

l Need to understand the features described herein

1.3 Change History

Change Type Change Description Parameter Change

Feature change None None

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

Change Type Change Description Parameter Change

Editorial change None Added the following

Change Type Change Description Parameter Change

Feature change l Added descriptions about the BSC6910. None

Editorial change Added 5.1 Deploying PS Active Package None

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2

PS Active Package Management is applicable to interactive services, background services,

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3

2.2 NEs Supporting the Feature

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 4

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 5

Policy for Discarding Packets

l If the length of the buffer queue is smaller than AqmMinTh(BSC6900,BSC6910), no

Based on the relationships among the length of the buffer queue,

l If the length of the buffer queue is greater than AqmTarTh(BSC6900,BSC6910) and

The values of M and N are specified by AqmM(BSC6900,BSC6910) and

Technologies Related to PS Active Package Management

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 6

l Upper-layer protocols supported by PS Active Package Management

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 7

Mutually Exclusive Features

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 8

5.1 Deploying PS Active Package Management

5.1.1 Deployment Requirements

Related See 4 Related Features.

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 9

MML Command Examples

Using the CME

Step 1 Configure a single object on the CME. (CME single configuration)

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 10

Table 5-2 Configuring parameters on the CME

SN Managed NE Parameter Parameter Supports

1 BSCPSSOF BSC6900/ AQM AqmSwitch Yes

AQM Target AqmTarTh

AQM Packet AqmNinit

AQM Packet AqmNLowe

AQM Packet AqmNUpB

5.1.3 Activation Observation

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 11

Using MML Commands

Expected result: The value of AQM Switch is Close.

MML Command Examples

Using the CME

Step 1 Configure a single object on the CME. (CME single configuration)

Table 5-3 Configuring parameters on the CME

SN MO NE Parameter Parameter Supports

1 BSCPSSOF BSC6900/ AQM AqmSwitch Yes

Issue 02 (2013-11-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 12