Practical Research ! PDF

CABUYAO INTEGRATED NAT IONAL HIGH SCHOOL i
PERCEPTION IN SCIENCE LABORATORY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO
THE EXPERIMENTAL SKILLS
ANGELO O. MARIANO
CHRISTIANA JADE M. GOMBA
GERALDINE M. GALUPO
JAMAICA C. FERNANDO
MARICAR S. ENRIQUEZ
MARK DANIEL T. LAMPA
MELVIN P. MENDOZA
STEM A
CABUYAO INTEGRATED NAT IONAL HIGH SCHOOL ii
PERCEPTION IN SCIENCE LABORATORY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO
A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of the Senior High School
Cabuyao Integrated National High School
Cabuyao City, Laguna
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Academic Track
ANGELO O. MARIANO
GERALDINE M. GALUPO
JAMAICA C. FERNANDO
MARICAR S. ENRIQUEZ
MELVIN P. MENDOZA
MARCH, 2018
CABUYAO INTEGRATED NAT IONAL HIGH SCHOOL iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers want to give their utmost gratitude for the people who
continuously guided, supported and gave them inspiration and knowledge during
the development of the research.
To Mr. Rowel Elca, their subject teacher in Inquiries who helped them and
gave ideas at the improvement of their study.
To the Senior High School Department Teachers, their kind and patient
teachers who continuously guiding and supporting them.
Their friends and classmates who gave them support, inspiration and
suggestions for the study.
Their cherished families, Galupo Family, Mendoza Family, Gomba Family,
Fernando Family, Enriquez Family, Mariano Family, and Lampa Family, who
gave them endless love, inspiration and support that pushed them to further
improve and finish the study.
And most of all, the Almighty God, who gave them the strength and never let
them down during the study and He is the one who deserved their offered utmost
gratitude.
CABUYAO INTEGRATED NAT IONAL HIGH SCHOOL iv
Abstract
Title: PERCEPTION IN SCIENCE LABORATORY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO
Researchers: ANGELO O. MARIANO
GERALDINE M. GALUPO
JAMAICA C. FERNANDO
MARICAR S. ENRIQUEZ
MELVIN P. MENDOZA
School: Cabuyao Integrated National High School
Year: 2017-2018
Research Adviser: MR. ROWEL ELCA
The Problem
The goal of this study is to find out the general insights of the students to the
science laboratory, the significances of science laboratory to the performance and
skills of the students in science experiments and the possible general impacts of
science laboratory to the science experimental skills of the students. Ten (10)
randomly selected Grade 12 STEM 1 students of Cabuyao Integrated National High
School were the respondents of the study. The findings showed that, the science
CABUYAO INTEGRATED NAT IONAL HIGH SCHOOL v
laboratory is high-class, albeit, cramped on a single room, clean, some of its
equipment are not usually used, lacks equipment,sometimes useful sometimes
not,have a lot of apparatus, the experiment are very enlightening,organized and
helpful to the students, very useful in experimenting especially in science subjects.
The lab and its materials/equipment are very significant especially for Physics,
Chemistry, Biology and other Science subjects, laboratory helps in some
experiments, student will have a knowledge by discovering into something new, can
enhance experimental skills, it helps students in understanding every lesson,
improves experimental skills. Science Laboratory helps students to achieve
experimental skills in science, students tend to learn more about a concept , gained
and also developed student’s performance and skills in science experimental
skills,affects academic performance in science subject, science lab affects enhances
experimental and technical skills of students, students excel a lot, science laboratory
do help us in understanding lesson, help to improve student’s skills and at the same
time, can get more knowledge about the things, helps students to become
disciplined and take seriously those activities given.

CABUYAO INTEGRATED NAT IONAL HIGH SCHOOL vi
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Tables viii
List of Figures ix
CHAPTER
1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction 1
Background of the Study 2
Theoretical Framework of the Study 3
Conceptual Framework of the Study 5
Statement of the Problem 6
Scope and Limitations of the Study 7
Significance of the Study 7
Definition of Terms 8
2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Foreign Literature 9
Local Literature 13
Foreign Studies 14
Local Studies 15
CABUYAO INTEGRATED NAT IONAL HIGH SCHOOL vii
Synthesis and Relevance of the Related Literature 16
3 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
Method of Research 17
Population, Sample size, and Sampling Technique 17
Description of Respondents 18
Research Instrument 18
Data-gathering Procedure 18
Ethical Consideration 19
4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION
OF DATA
5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary 25
Findings 26
Conclusions 27
Recommentdations 28
Bibliography 29
Appendices 30
Curriculum Vitae 38
CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL viii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1
The general insights of the students to the science laboratory. 20 viii
Table 2
The significance of science laboratory to the performance and skill of 21

the students in science experiments
Table 3
The possible general impacts of science laboratory to the science 23
experimental skills of students

CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL ix
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Reseach Paradigm 5
ix
CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL x
APPENDICES
Appendix A Research Instrument 30

x
Appendix B Participants’ Responses 36
CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
1
The Learning environment is a place where students learn with diverse place,
culture and people. The atmosphere where students learn is affected by a variety of
factors such as school policies, norms, the physical structure of the place and any
other features may also be accounted as elements of “learning environment”.
A number of studies proved that the educational environment has an impact
to student’s performance and success. Hence, the place where students learn
should be in good quality. The condition of this place signifies either positive or
negative effect to the student’s academic performance.
Laboratories, libraries and specially classrooms are places where students
learn and acquire knowledge. These places play an important role to the foundation
of student’s learning. In addition, these places are fundamentals toward the literacy
of a student.
Science Laboratory is one of the known laboratory in school. This is where
the students and teachers, conduct different experiments where the students learn
and discover different things.
The student’s perceptions toward his/her learning environment can be a bans
for executing more altered and adds to student’s satisfaction.

The Cabuyao Integrated National High School has Science Laboratory with a
variety of science materials and equipment to use. In this study, the researchers
want to know the perception of Grade 12 STEM students of the school and its
2
significance to their skills and performance in science experiments.
Background of the Study
The Department of the Education had implemented a new curriculum for the
country’s basic education that would enable Filipinos to be able to compete globally.
Under the K to 12 program, which adds two years to the basic education system,
Grade 11 and graduating Grade 12 students can choose a track to specialize on.
The STEM student have three (3) major science subjects (chemistry, biology
and physics) that is require to have a hands-on works on the laboratories. Science
laboratory is a place providing opportunity for experimentation, observation or
practice in a field of study. But students would not work properly if there's a lack
facilities that needed of their school like Science Laboratory. Especially to those
students who taking up STEM. Competency can only be developed through hands-
on learning and practice, if the student wants to study dressmaking, then that
student will have to operate an actual sewing machine. If he wants to learn
cabinetmaking, he cannot do it without carpentry tools. So the the government is
trying to complete this lack laboratories in the Philippines, To help DepEd solve this
problem, the government said the Senate has added P1 billion to the Basic
Education Facilities (BEF) budget for 2015.This amount can be added to the P1.137
billion for new tech-voc facilities, Under DepEd’s P53.9 billion BEF budget for 2015,
P48.1 billion is allocated for new classrooms and structures, including tech-voc
3
laboratories; P2.94 billion to repair existing facilities; P1.2 billion for new desks,
furniture, fixtures; and P1.63 billion for classrooms built under partnerships between
the government and the private.
For the Grade 12 STEM 1 students of Cabuyao Integrated National High
School, the laboratory was important to develop and express their ideas and
information confidently and creatively. Also the course that they taking up has
connection to Science.Doing Science experiments develop students natural
curiosity. Also they gain knowledge and ideas in observing and investigating. Their
function properly and develop their experimental skills.The study aims to distinguish
the perceptions in Science Laboratory and its significance to the experimental skills.
Theoretical Framework
Students and instructors agreed that the most important objectives of a
Chemistry laboratory work should be targeted in helping students to learn basic
practical skills (Tafa 2012). It explains that its better that there is a laboratory
because it is a big help for the students to improve their skills and to know what they
aim. Also most students are hardly cannot understand sometimes the objectives of
the experiments and moreover, the students face difficulty in understanding why
laboratory activities are important. Depending on the particular goal of the laboratory
and the prevailing local context of the organic chemistry course, different activities
(like demonstration, experience, exercise and investigative) should be designed to

4
accommodate the different levels of difficulty and guidance. If there are different
activities to do in the laboratory it will be helpful for the students to learn and
understand what they want to know. But in the contrary, it will be more helpful for the
students if the teachers or the instructors guide them what to do and teach them how
to do it so it is not complicated for them. For the students, it is better to have
instruments or materials for the laboratory activities because its easy to do task
when they do experiments. Edward (2016) states that reports on an internal survey
of staff and student perceptions of the practical work and its value in their courses in
the School of Engineering at the Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen. It discusses
the degree to which practices both within and outwith the School appear to match
the declared aims of participants. It concludes by suggesting some strategies, which
may lead to laboratory work becoming more effective. The laboratory is important
component for the students if the experiments are well-designed work, it may make
a invaluable contributions for the students. When doing the experiments it is
important outcome for the students if they work as a team and follow the instructions
accurately. Well-designed laboratory work can capitalise on the students
conceptions.
Conceptual Framework of the Study
Figure 1 shows the input, process and output on how the research
conceptualized. It shows step and flow of the study, from consolidating a topic, 5
creating statements of the problem on what the researchers what to determined,
gathering data, and to analysing to its interpretation in answering the questions.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
1. The significance of 1. Consolidation and Perception in

Science Laboratory to finalizing of Research Science
the performance and topic Laboratory and its
skills of Students in significance to the
2. Preparation of experimental
Science Experiments
Interview questionnaire skills.
2. The general insight of
the students to the 3. Validation of
Interview questionnaire
Science Laboratory
4. Distribution and
3. The possible impact
of Science Laboratory to Retrieval of Interview
questionnaire
the science
experimental skills of 5. Data Analysis
the students
FEEDBACK
Figure 1.Reseach Paradigm

Research Paradigm explains the process of finding the perception of Grade
12 STEM-1 students in science laboratory and its significance to the experimental
skills. The researchers got the input based on the perception of the students in
6
science laboratory in terms of: the significance to their performance and skills in
science experiments and, the possible impact to their experimental skills.
In the process stage, the researcher prepared an interview questionnaire that
will provide the input. After the preparation of interview questions, it will validated by
the research adviser. The approval will give the researcher to distribute the
questionnaire to the students of Senior High School and retrieved in the same day.
The answer was analysed, evaluated and interpret by the researchers to find the
perception in science laboratory and its significance to their experimental skills. The
output stage gives perception in science laboratory and its significance to their
experimental skills.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to comprehend the perception of Grade 12 STEM students
about the significance of science laboratory to their performance and skills in
science experimenting in Cabuyao Integrated National High School.
Specially, it sought to answer the leading question for the problems:
1. What are the general insights of the students to the science laboratory?
2. What are the significances of science laboratory to the performance and skills
of the students in science experiments?
3. What are the possible general impacts of science laboratory to the science
7
experimental skills of the students?
Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study aims to know the perception of the students to the science
laboratory and its significance to their experimental skills in Cabuyao Integrated
National High School during the Academic year 2017-2018. The aspects looked into
are the perception of the students to the science laboratory and the significance of
the laboratory to their experimental skills.
Significance of the Study
The significance of this study is to know the perception of the Grade 12 STEM
students in CINHS towards to their science laboratory. This will help the schools
science laboratory to know how important this matter are to the STEM students of
CINHS.
Students. This study will help the CINHS STEM-1 students because they will give
their own perceptions about the schools science laboratory and how it is important to
them when it comes to their Science experiment skills.
Teachers. When it comes to the teacher they will also get benefits from the
researchers study. They will know what are the perceptions of their students about
the schools science laboratory because for the STEM students,it is really important
to them to use this kind of facilities for their science experiments or activities.
Future Researchers. They will also get benefits with this study because they will 8
have references when they start their own study in the near future.
Definition of Terms
Equipment. Tools or things that will be useful and can be used for special
purposes.
Experiment. An activity which the person will perform actions to find some
answers.
Facilities. A place where built for some specific purpose.
Laboratory. It is the place where the students or other persons do their
experimental activities.
Perceptions. It is the ability of one person to understand something.
School. Part of the institution that help to build the character and knowledge of the
students.
Skills. Ability of a person to perform something that he/she really likes.
Students. Person who goes to school and they also perform studies about
something.
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Foreign Literature
The laboratory as a learning forum is under constant scrutiny by educational
researchers with the goal of improving its educational merit and solidifying its place 9
in science education (Hofstein & Lunetta, 2004). Hodson (1993) asserted that [The
laboratory] is over-used in the sense that teachers engage in practical work as a
matter of course, expecting it to assist the attainment of all learning goals. It is
under-used in the sense that its real potential is only rarely fully exploited. Instead,
much that we provide is ill-conceived, muddled and lacking in real educational value.
(Hodson, 1993, p105). Scientific process skill The main aim of science teaching is to
enable students to develop their inquiry, critical thinking and problem solving skills,
to become lifelong learners and to continue their senses of curiosity towards their
environments.
Therefore, it is very important for students to acquire scientific process skills,
which enables them to produce scientific knowledge as well as learning about the
nature of science through experiences (Aydoğdu, 2006). To achieve this aim,
students have to use certain scientific process skills during their research at the
science laboratory (Kanlı, 2007). Individuals, who attain scientific process skills,
possess problem-solving skills and know how to attribute meanings to the events
happening by looking at them, form a different perspective. Furthermore, students
with the said skills manage to think like a scientist (Aydoğdu, 2006). Improving
scientific process skills enable students to solve problems, think critically, take
decisions, find answers and satisfy their curiosities. In the light of all these reasons,
teaching scientific process skills should be essential.
The importance to be attributed would enable students to improve their

10
scientific process skills in time (Cited by Aydoğdu, 2006). Hofstein and Naaman
(2007) reviewed and reported several studies conducted in various countries about
laboratory applications. In their evaluation, they stated that laboratory applications
aimed to enhance students’ science process and problem-solving skills and their
interest in and attitudes toward scientific approaches in accordance with the
objectives of basic science education. In addition to that, this education aims at
enabling the learner to gain the values of work, production, excellence and the
participation in public life; the ability to get on with the advances in society and cope
with problems thoughtfully; knowledge of the environment and to protection of the
environment and its resources; and the wise use of free time (Ministry of Education,
2009).
“Towards the end of the twentieth century, more sophisticated alternatives had been
introduced to facilitate effective learning in the laboratories. These included pre-lab
experiences, films, video experiments, computer based pre-labs, and computer simulations.”
(Reid and Shah, 2007)
Why have laboratories
Science involves the study of the world around. Students need laboratory
experiences to explore that world and to bring understand physics so that they can
make sense of their world around. Hofstein and Lunetta (2003) argue that the
laboratory allows students to learn with understanding and offers an opportunity to
engage in a process of constructing knowledge by doing science. Moreover,

11
laboratory work enhances attitudes, stimulates interest and motivates students to
learn science. However, Hudson (1990) expressed the opinion that “practical work
as conducted in many schools, is ill-conceived, confused and unproductive .It
provides little of real education value”. Moreover, Hofstein and Lunetta (2003) argue
that “formal teaching results in greater understanding when students study a limited
number of topics, in depth and with care rather than a large number of topics much
more superficially, as is the practised inmany science classrooms”. These quotations
reveal a fundamental problem. The teaching laboratory has great potential as a
place of learning but there is a risk that what is done does not allow the potential to
be reached
Maldarelli et al. (2009) showed that visual demonstration of laboratory
procedures is a key element in teaching pedagogy. The main goals of the study
were to create videos explaining and demonstrating a variety of lab techniques that
would serve as teaching tools for undergraduate and graduate lab courses and to
assess the impact of these videos on student learning. Demonstrations of laboratory
procedures were videotaped. Statistical analyses were performed to compare
students' perceptions of knowledge, confidence, and experience with the lab
techniques before and after viewing the videos. Regarding the reinforcement of the
learning process, Koretsky et al. (2008) focused on augmenting student learning in
experimental design using a V-Lab. The authors described the instructional design,
implementation, and its assessment. The V-Lab provided an experience in which

12
students could synthesize engineering science and statistical principles and had the
opportunity to apply experimental design in a context similar to that of an engineer
practicing in industry. Certain specific elements of students' learning could be
enhanced, as well as higher order thinking skills.
As result, students perceived the V-Lab, which was based on a numerical
simulation of a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, as the most effective
learning medium, even above physical laboratories. The Internet Virtual Physics
Laboratory (IVPL) promoted science learning through Computer Assisted Instruction
(CAI), which considered as a good product to combine the relational of science
learning and instructional technology. The virtual experiments offer a visualized
simulated learning environment via various situations. The IVPL would support
understanding secondary students' abstract physical concepts and, cooperative
problem solving processes when doing physics experiments. The IVPL would
integrate and contribute in compensating the lack of lab equipments/tools in schools
(Yang and Heh, 2007).
The fast changes in science and technology in recent times have affected
education systems. Students of today need to be able to adapt to a rapidly changing
technological world (Şaşan, 2002). As a result of these fast changes, the education
systems need to be modified. The education systems can activate the students to
learn ways to reach knowledge, to develop solutions for problems yet unknown and
to enhance the skills of decision-making (Fisch & McLeod, 2007; İnce Aka, Güven &
13
Aydoğdu, 2010). Science education reformers have supported the idea that learners
should be engaged in the excitement of science, they should be helped to discover
the value of evidence-based reasoning and higher-order cognitive skills and be
taught to become innovative problem solvers (DeHaan, 2005; Perkins & Wieman,
2008). So, it is important for students to be prepared for the future by facing real
problems in their learning environment and producing appropriate solutions to these
problems. sGagne (1980) suggested that the main objective of education is to teach
individuals how to think and how to be good problem-solvers because in real life
individuals who are able to think, question, research and produce solutions to the
problems they meet may be successful.
Local Literature
A science investigation emphasizes the use of the scientific method in
performing an investigation by experimentation (inquiry-based learning) to develop
critical thinking and science process skills of the student. This scientific method
allows scientists to collect and analyze data in a strategic and unified manner and
this is the same method that students use to design and execute their project - they
use the same steps professional researchers use to gather new information. The
different science process skills can be integrated in the conduct of science

investigations (Kazeni, 2005). Thus, science investigations are giving students an
opportunity to undergo the process of conducting an investigation using the scientific
method making them gain a considerable understanding of the nature of obtaining

14
solutions to problems or answers to questions in a systematic and scientific way.
Foreign Studies
Students and instructors agreed that the most important objectives of a
Chemistry laboratory work should be targeted in helping students to learn basic
practical skills (Tafa 2012). It explains that its better that there is a laboratory
because it is a big help for the students to improve their skills and to know what they
aim. Also most students are hardly cannot understand sometimes the objectives of
the experiments and moreover, the students face difficulty in understanding why
laboratory activities are important. Depending on the particular goal of the laboratory
and the prevailing local context of the organic chemistry course, different activities
(like demonstration, experience, exercise and investigative) should be designed to
accommodate the different levels of difficulty and guidance. If there are different
activities to do in the laboratory it will be helpful for the students to learn and
understand what they want to know. But in the contrary, it will be more helpful for the
students if the teachers or the instructors guide them what to do and teach them how
to do it so it is not complicated for them. For the students, it is better to have
instruments or materials for the laboratory activities because its easy to do task
when they do experiments. Edward (2016) states that reports on an internal survey
of staff and student perceptions of the practical work and its value in their courses in
the School of Engineering at the Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen. It discusses
the degree to which practices both within and outwith the School appear to match
15
the declared aims of participants. It concludes by suggesting some strategies, which
may lead to laboratory work becoming more effective. The laboratory is important
component for the students if the experiments are well-designed work, it may make
a invaluable contributions for the students. When doing the experiments it is
important outcome for the students if they work as a team and follow the instructions
accurately. Well-designed laboratory work can capitalise on the students
conceptions.
Local Studies
There was a significant difference in the laboratory equipment depending on
the user. For kinematics the stopwatch was perceived better to use. For torque
experiment the hanger was perceived positively (Alerta, Florendo, Salvado,et.al,
2012). Laboratory equipments is not the basis of learning but in the positive way it is
a good benefits for the students to learn, visualize, and understand about science.
The improvement of laboratory equipment is beneficial too, for the students that use
the science laboratory. Students need to be yet guided and instructed to cope this
things immediately by the students. The perception of the students do not affect their
performances when doing the experiments in the science laboratory. Every students
gain knowledge because of the new improve technologies and equipment in the
science laboratory that is important for the students when they do the science
experiments. Students had different perceptions on the equipment they had used
during experiments. The importance of experiment in school is that it provides

16
learners the opportunities to use scientific equipment to develop basic manipulative
skills and practice investigative or inquiry activities and developproblem solving
attitudes needed for future work in science.
Synthesis and Relevance of Related Literature and Studies
Further research is needed to compare results reported in this study to other
inquiry-based programs. Second, additional studies are needed that follow students
for longer periods of time after they take the experimental science module. It would
be enlightening to determine the impact of module designed for middle school
students have on students’ streaming choices. And ﬁnally, while students showed a
high level of proficiency in the integrated science process skills test, further studies
should examine the correlation of among students’ interest in science, their
understanding of science and their science process skills.
They also include that to maintain the balance of knowledge or how the child
practice his is through the experience of all.

Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
17
This chapter presents the methodology used by the researchers in conducting
the study. It includes the method of research, population, sampling size, and
sampling technique, description of the respondents and data gathering procedure.
Research Method
Qualitative descriptive studies tend to be more naturalistic in that they employ
neither the philosophical underpinnings nor the interpretive requirement to search for
higher meaning associated with phenomenology; nor do they require the
advancement of findings to higher theoretical concepts or abstractions consistent
with grounded theory approaches. A qualitative descriptive study is suitable when
detailed descriptions of phenomena and a focus on the presentation of participants'
dialogue with the researcher are desired (Sandelowski, 2000). Clearly, the
qualitative descriptive method is one method of choice for a research endeavor that
seeks to present the voice of the particular population under study.
Population, Sample size, and Sampling Technique
The sample is composed of ten (10) selected students of Grade 12- STEM 1
from Cabuyao Integrated National High School who have a experience using the
laboratory of school and can share his/her perception about the laboratory. The
researcher use the Simple Random Sampling (SRS), a basic sampling technique
where researchers select a group of subjects (a sample) for study from a larger
group (a population). Each individual is chosen entirely by chance and each member
of the population has an equal chance of being included in the sample.

18
Description of the Respondents
The ten (10) selected Grade 12 STEM 1 students has a widely experience of
using the science laboratory of the school. The science laboratory is used in three
(3) subjects of Grade 12 STEM 1 such as physics, chemistry and biology.
Research Instruments
The resarchers use survey questionnaire as the main instrument for
conducting the research. The instrument consists a series of question that help for
gathering information from the respondents.
Data-Gathering Procedure
The following steps were done by the researchers in gathering data for the study:
The researcher prepare a survey questionnaire for the students of Grade 12-
STEM 1 that have an experience in using Science Laboratory.
The next thing that the researchers did was to give the survey questionnaire
to the respondents randomly.
The researchers retrieved the survey questionnaire after they finished
answering.
The researchers sort the data and encoded as a results of the study.
Ethical Consideration
The respondents were guaranteed that the data they had given would be
used only for the purpose of this study. The following information they revealed to
19
the researchers would be highly confidential and would not be disclosed to anyone
for that matter.
The researchers give the respondent a information consent for participating in
evaluation and fully informed about the evaluation being conducted.

Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter shows the results and the findings of the researchers after
20
gathering the survey questionnaires and collecting data. The data and findings were
organized and presented as follows.
Results
Table 1
The general insights of the students to the science laboratory.
First Theme: High-class, albeit, cramped on a single room, clean, some of its
equipment are not usually used, lacks equipment,sometimes useful sometimes
not,have a lot of apparatus, the experiment are very enlightening,organized and
helpful to the students, very useful in experimenting especially in science subjects
"The Senior High School Science Laboratory is already, in my opinion, high class,
albeit cramped on a single room. However, its equipment and materials are
already near to completion, and all of them are usable at very least"
"The science laboratory of Senior High School is clean but some of its equipment is
not usually used for experiment and also it is lack of equipment."
"Lack of equipmet . But the lab is clean. Some of the materials are not usually used
for laboratory."
"Science laboratory sometimes useful, sometimes not, out as of now DepEd
providing us more equipment to be use by the student to learn more and to actual
experimentation about certain topic."
"It seems to have a lot of apparatus for different specifications of science subject but
they are not really being used and learned by majority of the students especially the
said apparatus.if the teacher is good, however, the experiment are very
enlightening."
"The equipment in Science Laboratory are not completely"
"Organized and helpful to the students"
"Science Laboratory of Senior High School in Cabuyao Integrated National High
School are very useful in experimenting especially in science subjects."
"Lack of equipment and facilities"

"It may look useful since there are many equipments can be used. So those
equipment, save significance in learning with some application. That will help future
STEM students in Cabuyao Integrated National High School."
Five (5) students stated that, in their opinion, the science laboratory lacks 21
equipment and the materials are already near to completion. Some students said
that the laboratory is clean but some of the equipments present are not usually used
for their experiments. In addition, two (2) students said that the science laboratory is
organized and high class.
There were five (5) students who said that the laboratory is usable, helpful
and useful to them in terms of learning more to the experiment, help them in their
science subjects and have a significance in learning with some application that can
also help the future STEM students of Cabuyao Integrated National High School.
2. What are the significance of science laboratory to the performance and

skill of the students in science experiments?
Table 2
The significance of science laboratory to the performance and skill of
the students in science experiments
First Theme: The lab and its materials/equipment are very significant especially for
physics, chemistry, biology and other Science subjects, laboratory helps in some
experiments, student will have a knowledge by discovering into something new, can
enhance experimental skills, it helps students in understanding every lesson,
improves experimental skills
"Definitely, just the presence of the science laboratory affects my science

experimental skills. Since after Senior High School and college, a more holistic
hands-on skills on science activities are required as a STEM student, the lab and its
materials/equipment are very significant especially for physics, chemistry, biology
and other Science subjects."
"Yes, the science laboratory helps me in some experiments."
"No, my skills is about bombing my mind the science lab is not suitable for my idea
and skill its need to be renovated to handle a good and quality of experimenting"
"Yes, of course the equipments in science laboratory are need in experimenting the
student will have a knowledge by discovering into something new."
"Yes, it helps us to conduct the said experiment from our modules or learning
22
materials. Science also gives us concrete explanation about our topic by doing
practical experiment and test especially in chemistry and physics."
"Yes, because it's obviously the only place nearest where you can actually perform
experiments."
"Yes, because in science we can make some experiment that can enhance our
experimental skills."
"Yes, it helps students in doing some experiments and also in understanding every
lesson."
"Yes, it can improve my experimental skills."
"No, it's not suitable for my skills."
The students were asked if the science laboratory has a relation to their skills
in science experiment and what are its significances to their science experimental
skills. The science laboratory not just improves student’s skills in experiment but also
help them understand their lesson. Eight (8) students agreed that science laboratory
has a significance and has something to do with their skills in experiments.
According to them, science laboratory improve, enhance and help enrich their skills
in experimenting through experiments they perform. They gain knowledge by
discovering something new. A participant added that the presence of science
laboratory helps him/her to become prepared since after Senior High School and
college, a more holistic hands-on skill on science activities are required as a STEM
student.
In contrary to the aforementioned above, two (2) students said that the
science laboratory has no significance to their skills.
Two (2) students said that science laboratory helps them to perform
experiments and through this, it gives them concrete explanation about the topic.
3. What are the possible general impacts of science laboratory to the

science experimental skills of students?
23
Table 3
The possible general impacts of science laboratory to the science
experimental skills of students
First Theme: help student to achieve experimental skills in science, students tend to
learn more about a concept , gained and also developed student’s performance and
skills in science experimental skills,affects academic performance in science subject,
science lab affects enhances experimental and technical skills of students, students
excel a lot, science laboratory do help us in understanding lesson, help to improve
student’s skills and at the same time, can get more knowledge about the things,
helps students to become disciplined and take seriously those activities given
"The science laboratory and everything in it helps me achieve experimental skills in

science. People tend to learn more about a concept , and thus , hands-on activities,
for me, are an important factor for me to learn."
"I can gained and also developed my performance and skills in science experimental
skills."
"Science lab affects my academic performance in physics, by the helps of science
lab we have a little idea on what experiment we undergo through science lab."
"Because of lack of equipment we can do some of our experiment so, that we have
lack of knowledge about experiment."
"We excel about a lot because it enhance our experimental and technical skills well,
it may be hard and expensive but experiments in our science laboratories do help us
in understanding lesson."
"It can help to improve our skills and at the same time, we can get more knowledge
about the things surround us."
"Because of science laboratory we are able to improve."
"It helps the students in having analysis to perform the tasks, observation skills on
how to portray every instruction given by the equipment in scilab."
"Science lab explains me different things to apply and not to apply in doing the
experiment. It helps me to be disciplined and take seriously those activities that was
given to us and perform it well and smoothly follow the procedures provided by the
material."
"It provide/contains the tools/equipment with which I can perform and learn science
The students were asked about the general impacts of science laboratory to
their experimental skills. Six (6) students stated that the science laboratory help
them to achieved, develop and enhance their experimental and technical skills in
24
science. They tend to learn more about a concept, understand lessons, gain more
knowledge about things that surround them, perform and learn science experimental
skills and excel a lot in their subject.
Science laboratory has also an effect to the academic performance of the
students and on how they perform the science experiments. Two (2) students said
that science laboratory helps them in having analysis to perform the task and how to
follow the instructions given by the equipment in the laboratory. Science laboratory
explains them the different things to apply and not to apply in the experiments, it
helps them to become disciplined and to take seriously those activities that were
given to them and perform it well by following the procedures provided.
A participant stated that science laboratory affects his/her academic
performance especially in physics.
As oppose to the aforementioned above, a student said that he/she gain less
knowledge in their experiments because of the lack of equipment.

Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter shows and talks over the findings and summary of the research.
25
The researchers also articulate conclusions and provide recommendations to
improve the effectiveness of the study.
Summary
This study harnessed a descriptive qualitative research that presents the
general perception of the students to the science laboratory, the significance of
science laboratory to their experimental skills and the possible general impact of the
laboratory to the experimental skills of students. The researchers want to anwer the
following questions: (a) What are the general insights of the students to the science
laboratory? (b) What are the significances of science laboratory to the performance
and skills of the students in science experiments? (c) What are the possible general
impacts of science laboratory to the science experimental skills of the students? The
researchers used survey questionnaire as their instrument to help answer the
leading question of the study.The researchers used simple random sampling in
choosing their respondents which means they are chosen without particular pattern.
Ten Grade 12 STEM-1 students of Cabuyao Integrated National High School were
the respondents of the study.

Findings
Based on the data gathered, respondents perceived the following

26
insights to the science laboratory: (a).High-class; (b). albeit, cramped on a
single room; (c).clean, (d).some of its equipment are not usually used; (e).
lacks equipment, (f).sometimes useful sometimes not; (g).have a lot of
apparatus, (h).the experiment are very enlightening; (i).organized and helpful
to the students; (j). very useful in experimenting especially in science
subjects.
2. What are the significance of science laboratory to the performance and
skill of the students in science experiments?
Based on the data gathered, the significance of science laboratory to
the performance and skill of the students in science experiments are the
following: (a). the lab and its materials/equipment are very significant
especially for physics, chemistry, biology and other Science subjects; (b).
laboratory helps in some experiments; (c).student will have a knowledge by
discovering into something new; (d).can enhance experimental skills; (e). it
helps students in understanding every lesson;(f). improves experimental
skills.
3. What are the possible general impacts of science laboratory to the

science experimental skills of students?
Based on the data gathered, possible impacts of science laboratory to
the science experimental skills of students are the following: (a). help
student to achieve experimental skills in science; (b). students tend to learn

27
more about a concept; (c). gained and also developed student’s performance
and skills in science experimental skills; (d).affects academic performance in
science subject; (e). science lab affects enhances experimental and technical
skills of students; (f). students excel a lot; (g). science laboratory do helps in
understanding lesson; (h). help to improve student’s skills and at the same
time; (i). can get more knowledge about the things; (j). helps students to
become disciplined and take seriously those activities that was given to us.
Conclusions
Based on the findings, the researchers concluded that:
1. The science laboratory is functional, useful and helpful to the students. The
science laboratory, despite of being organized and high class, it lacks
equipment and some equipments are not usually used in experiments.
2. Most of the respondents said that the science laboratory has significance to
their skills in experiments. It hones their skills in experiment and they gain
knowledge by discovering something new and prepare them for future
science activities.
3. Most of the respondents stated that the science laboratory helps them to
achieved, develop, enhance their experimental and technical skills in science

and practice to follow instructions and regulations in the laboratory. Science
laboratory also affects academic performance of student and the lack of
equipment also affects the amount of knowledge he/she gain.

28
Recommendations
Based on the conclusions formulated by the researchers, they recommended
that:
1. Department of Education should keep an eye to those school facilities that
are essential for the school. They should provide and fill the paucity of
equipment and materials in such facility.
2. The Science teachers, if necessary, should constantly use the laboratory in
conducting experiments to assure that all equipments and materials in the
laboratory are used and for the students to completely hone their
experimentalt skills, technical skills and to excel more in their subject.

Bibliography
WEBSITES:
http://www.usm.edu.ph/onlinejournal/index.php/USMJournal/article/download/13/16
http://www.ijern.com/journal/2014/December-2014/15.pdf
http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1126&context=theses 29
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Allan_Bernardo/publication/240359600_Students%27_Perce
ptions_of_Science_Classes_in_the_Philippines/links/00b7d52a7d9aba100a000000/Students-
Perceptions-of-Science-Classes-in-the-Philippines.pdf
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ835201.pdf
Unpublish Dissertation:
Students’ Perceptions of Science Classes in the Philippines, Allan B. I. Bernardo et. Al 2014
APPENDIX A
1. What is your general perception to the science laboratory of
Senior High School in Cabuyao Integrated National High School ?

30
Participant 1
"The Senior High School Science Laboratory is already, in my opinion,
high class, albeit cramped on a single room. However, its equipment
and materials are already near to completion, and all of them are usable
at very least"
Participant 2
"The science laboratory of Senior High School is clean but some of its
equipment is not usually used for experiment and also it is lack of
equipment."
Participant 3
"Lack of equipment. But the lab is clean. Some of the materials are not
usually used for laboratory."
Participant 4
"Science laboratory sometimes useful, sometimes not, out as of now
DepEd providing us more equipment to be use by the student to learn
more and to actual experimentation about certain topic."
Participant 5
"It seems to have a lot of apparatus for different specifications of
science subject but they are not really being used and learned by
majority of the students especially the said apparatus.if the teacher is

31
good, however, the experiment are very enlightening."
Participant 6
"The equipment in Science Laboratory are not completely"
Participant 7
"Organized and helpful to the students"
Participant 8
"Science Laboratory of Senior High School in Cabuyao Integrated
National High School are very useful in experimenting especially in
science subjects."
Participant 9
"Lack of equipment and facilities"
Participant 10
"It may look useful since there are many equipments can be used. So
those equipment, save significance in learning with some application.
That will help future STEM students in Cabuyao Integrated National High
School."
2. Does Science Laboratory have something to do with your
science experimental skills? If yes, what is its significance?
Participant 1
32
"Definitely, just the presence of the science laboratory affects my
science experimental skills. Since after Senior High School and college,
a more holistic hands-on skills on science activities are required as a
STEM student , the lab and its materials/equipment are very significant
especially for physics, chemistry, biology and other Science subjects."
Participant 2
"Yes, the science laboratory helps me in some experiments."
Participant 3
"No, my skills is about bombing my mind the science lab is not suitable
for my idea and skill its need to be renovated to handle a good and
quality of experimenting"
Participant 4
"Yes, of course the equipments in science laboratory are need in
experimenting the student will have a knowledge by discovering into
something new."
Participant 5
"Yes, it helps us to conduct the said experiment from our modules or
learning materials. Science lab also gives us concrete explanation about

33
our topic by doing practical experiment and test especially in chemistry
and physics."
Participant 6
"Yes, because it's obviously the only place nearest where you can
actually perform experiments."
Participant 7
"Yes, because in science we can make some experiment that can
enhance our experimental skills."
Participant 8
"Yes, it helps students in doing some experiments and also in
understanding every lesson."
Participant 9
"Yes, it can improve my experimental skills."
Participant 10
"No, it's not suitable for my skills."

3. In what ways does science laboratory affects your performance and skills
in science experimental skills?
34
Participant 1
"The science laboratory and everything in it helps me achieve
experimental skills in science. People tend to learn more about a
concept , and thus , hands-on activities, for me, are an important factor
for me to learn."
Participant 2
"I can gained and also developed my performance and skills in science
Participant 3
"Science lab affects my academic performance in physics, by the helps
of science lab we have a little idea on what experiment we undergo
through science lab."
Participant 4
"Because of lack of equipment we can do some of our experiment so,
that we have lack of knowledge about experiment."

Participant 5
"We excel about a lot because it enhance our experimental and
technical skills well, it may be hard and expensive but experiments in

35
our science laboratories do help us in understanding lesson."
Participant 6
"It can help to improve our skills and at the same time, we can get
more knowledge about the things surround us."
Participant 7
"Because of science laboratory we are able to improve."
Participant 8
"It helps the students in having analysis to perform the tasks,
observation skills on how to portray every instruction given by the
equipment in scilab."
Participant 9
"Science lab explains me different things to apply and not to apply in
doing the experiment. It helps me to be disciplined and take seriously
those activities that was given to us and perform it well and smoothly
follow the procedures provided by the material."
Participant 10
"It provide/contains the tools/equipment with which I can perform and
learn science experimental skills."

APPENDIX B
NAME (optional):_________________________________
GRADE AND SECTION:_______________________________
36
DIRECTION: Read the following question below and write your answer on the space
provided.
1. What is your general perception to the science laboratory of Senior High

School in Cabuyao Integrated National High School?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________
2. Does science laboratory have something to do with your science

experimental skills? If yes, what is its significance?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
37
3. In what way does science laboratory affects your performance and skills in
science experimental skills?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________
Curriculum Vitae
Melvin P. Mendoza
Address: purok 3 Brgy. BIgaa Cabuyao City Laguna
Email: 38
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
SECONDARY: Cabuyao Integrated National Highschool
ELEMENTARY : Sala Elementary School
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Age: 17
Date of birth: November 9 2000
Place of birth: Cabuyao City
Civil status: Single
Religion: Roman Catholic
Citizenship: Filipino
Language spoken: Filipino, english
Father’s name: Ronilo E. Mendoza
Mother’s name: Imelda P. Mendoza
ANGELO O. MARIANO
Address: Brgy. Pulo Diezmo Rd. Cabuyao Laguna
Email: angelo.mariano02@yahoo.cpm
39
SECONDARY: Cabuyao Integrated National Highschool
ELEMENTARY : Dau homesite Elementaryo School
Age: 17
Date of birth: January 2 2001
Place of birth: Angeles, City
Religion: Catholic
Language spoken: Filipino,English and Kapampangan
Father’s name: Arnel Mariano
Mother’s name: Elaine Mariano
GERALDINE GALUPO
Address: lot 10&12 unit 5 blk.9, St. Midland Subdivision 3, Sala Cabuyao
Laguna
Email: siopao.galupo@gmail .com
40
SECONDARY: San-Roque Pambujan Vocational High School
ELEMENTARY : Paninirungan Elementary School
Age: 18
Date of birth: November 28, 1999
Place of birth: Quezon City
Language spoken: Filipino, English
Father’s name: Elizabeth T. Galupo
Mother,s name: Rafael T. Galupo

Address: lot 95 blk. 3 st. joseph 6 butong laguna Cabuyao Laguna
Email: jonaxxmontefalco7@yahoo.com
41
SECONDARY: Balsik National High School
ELEMENTARY : Saba Elementary School
Age: 17
Date of birth: October 05 2000
Place of birth: Dinalupihan,Bataan
Father’s name: Danilo Lampa
Mother’s name: Marife Lampa
JAMAICA C. FERNANDO
Address: Blk. 30 lot 25, Niugan Southville 1, Cabuyao City, Laguna
Email: maicafernando10@gmail.com
42
SECONDARY: Cabuyao Integrated National High School
ELEMENTARY : Southville 1, Elementary School
Age: 17
Date of birth: October 15, 2000
Place of birth: Sala, Cabuyao
Father’s name: Joel Fernando
Mother’s name: Rhodora Fernando
MARICAR ENRIQUEZ
Address: Blk. 6 lot 54 Duhat St. Millwood Ville Subd. Pulo Cabuyao Laguna
Email: maricarenriquez_12@gmail.com
43
SECONDARY: Cabuyao National High School
ELEMENTARY : Cabuyao Central School
Age: 17
Date of birth:
Place of birth:
Religion:
Citizenship:
Language spoken:
Father’s name:
Mother’s name:
CRISTIANA JADE M. GOMBA

Address: Blk. 37 Lot 3 Phase Mabuhay City Baclaran Cabuyao Laguna
Email: maricarenriquez_12@gmail.com
44
SECONDARY: Gulod National High School
ELEMENTARY : Today Kids Creative Learning Center
Age: 17
Date of birth: December 24, 2000
Place of birth: Dita, Sta. rosa laguna
Religion: Born Again Christian
Language spoken: Tagalog, English
Father’s name: Ramel Gomba
Mother’s name: Maura Gomba

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CABUYAO INTEGRATED NAT IONAL HIGH SCHOOL i

PERCEPTION IN SCIENCE LABORATORY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO

THE EXPERIMENTAL SKILLS

CHRISTIANA JADE M. GOMBA

MARK DANIEL T. LAMPA

PERCEPTION IN SCIENCE LABORATORY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO

THE EXPERIMENTAL SKILLS

Presented to the Faculty of the Senior High School

Cabuyao Integrated National High School

Cabuyao City, Laguna

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Academic Track

CHRISTIANA JADE M. GOMBA

MARK DANIEL T. LAMPA

the development of the research.

gave ideas at the improvement of their study.

teachers who continuously guiding and supporting them.

suggestions for the study.

Their cherished families, Galupo Family, Mendoza Family, Gomba Family,

improve and finish the study.

Title: PERCEPTION IN SCIENCE LABORATORY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO

THE EXPERIMENTAL SKILLS

Researchers: ANGELO O. MARIANO

CHRISTIANA JADE M. GOMBA

MARK DANIEL T. LAMPA

School: Cabuyao Integrated National High School

Research Adviser: MR. ROWEL ELCA

science laboratory, the significances of science laboratory to the performance and

randomly selected Grade 12 STEM 1 students of Cabuyao Integrated National High

laboratory is high-class, albeit, cramped on a single room, clean, some of its

equipment are not usually used, lacks equipment,sometimes useful sometimes

not,have a lot of apparatus, the experiment are very enlightening,organized and

helpful to the students, very useful in experimenting especially in science subjects.

Chemistry, Biology and other Science subjects, laboratory helps in some

enhance experimental skills, it helps students in understanding every lesson,

improves experimental skills. Science Laboratory helps students to achieve

and also developed student’s performance and skills in science experimental

skills,affects academic performance in science subject, science lab affects enhances

disciplined and take seriously those activities given.

List of Tables viii

1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Background of the Study 2

Theoretical Framework of the Study 3

Conceptual Framework of the Study 5

Statement of the Problem 6

Scope and Limitations of the Study 7

Significance of the Study 7

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Synthesis and Relevance of the Related Literature 16

3 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

Population, Sample size, and Sampling Technique 17

4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION

5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND

The general insights of the students to the science laboratory. 20 viii

The significance of science laboratory to the performance and skill of 21

The possible general impacts of science laboratory to the science 23

experimental skills of students

Figure 1: Reseach Paradigm 5

Appendix A Research Instrument 30

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

other features may also be accounted as elements of “learning environment”.

A number of studies proved that the educational environment has an impact

negative effect to the student’s academic performance.

Laboratories, libraries and specially classrooms are places where students