EXPERIMENT

1,2,3 and 4

In partial fulfillment for the course

ECE 102.1 (Signals, Spectra and Signal Processing Laboratory)
1st Term, A.Y. 2017-2018

Submitted by:
Marven A. Yuson
Kent Bryle Q. Velarde
Ina Chriza A. Yano

Submitted to:
Prof. Angiline Teatro
Experiment 1 – An introduction to the NI ELVIS test
equipment

Part B – The NI ELVIS digital multimeter and DC power supplies

10. Use the mouse to click on the “Digital Multimeter” button in the NI ELVIS - Instrument Launcher
window.

11. Experiment with the Function controls by clicking on each one while watching the DMM’s readout.

Question 1: Given there isn’t anything connected to the NI ELVIS DMM’s input, why does it read very
small values of voltage and current instead of reading zero?

 It is the small amount of electrical noise that the DMM’s input is reading/picking up.

12. Experiment with the DMM’s sampling by pressing the virtual instrument’s Run and Single buttons
and observing the effect on the readout.

Question 2: Approximately how frequently does the NI ELVIS DMM sample its input when in the
Run mode?

Question 3: When does the NI ELVIS DMM sample its input when in the S i n g l e mode?

13. Use the virtual instrument to adjust the DMM

14. Locate the NI ELVIS Variable Power Supplies on the unit’s front panel and set its two Control Mode
switches to the Manual position as shown in Figure 4 below.

Figure 4

15. Set the Variable Power Supplies’ Voltage controls to about the middle of their travel.
16. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 5 below.

17. Determine the Variable Power Supplies’ minimum and maximum positive output voltages. Record
these in Table 1 below.

Result 1.1: Variable Power Supplies’ maximum and minimum positive output voltages

18. Connect the DMM to the Variable Power Supplies’ negative output and repeat.

Result 1.2: Variable Power Supplies’ maximum and minimum negative output voltages
 maximum

19. Vary the Variable Power Supplies’ output voltage while watching the NI ELVIS DMM’s Range

20. Experiment with the Range control by pressing each of its buttons while watching the DMM’s
readout.

Question 4: What word appears on the readout when you choose a range setting that’s too small for
the size of the voltage being measured?

Part B – The NI ELVIS oscilloscope

21. Close the DMM virtual instrument.

22. Press the “Oscilloscope” button in the NI ELVIS - Instrument Launcher window.

23. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 7 below.

24. Experiment with the scope’s operation by adjusting some of the controls on the virtual instrument.

26. If it’s not already activated, turn on the measurement function of the scope by pressing Channel A’s
Meas’ button.
27. Record the measured values for voltage and frequency in Table 2

Result 1.3: 2kHz Oscilloscope

28. Use the signal’s frequency to work backwards to calculate and record its period.

29. Locate the NI ELVIS Function Generator on the unit’s front panel and set its Control Mode switch to
the Manual position as shown in Figure 9 below.

30. Set the remaining Function Generator’s controls as follows:

 Coarse Frequency to the 5kHz position

 Fine Frequency to about the middle of its travel
 Amplitude to about the middle of its travel
 Waveshape to the position
31. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 10 below.

32. Vary the Function Generator controls listed in Step 30 and observe the effect they have on the signal
displayed on the scope.

Question 5: What is the name of the three waveshapes that the Function Generator can output?

33. Return the Function Generator controls to the settings listed in Step 30.

34. Adjust the Function Generator for the minimum peak-to-peak output voltage

35. Measure this output voltage and record it in Table 3

Result 1.4: Maximum and Minimum output voltage

36. Adjust the Function Generator for the maximum peak-to-peak output voltage and repeat Step 35.

37. Adjust the Function Generator’s Fine Frequency control to obtain the minimum output frequency on
the 5kHz setting.

38. Measure and record this frequency.

39. Adjust the Function Generator’s Fine Frequency control for the maximum output frequency on the
5kHz setting and repeat Step 38.

40. Adjust the Function Generator’s Coarse and Fine Frequency controls to obtain its absolute minimum
output frequency and repeat Step 38

41. Adjust the Function Generator’s Coarse and Fine Frequency controls to obtain its absolute maximum
output frequency and repeat Step 38

Experiment 2 – An introduction to the DATEx

experimental add-in module

2.1 - The Master Signals, Speech and Amplifier module

Procedure:

10. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 1

11. Set up the NI ELVIS Oscilloscope per the procedure in Experiment 1

12. Adjust the scope’s Timebase control to view only two or so cycles of the Master Signals module’s
2kHz SINE output.

13. Use the scope’s measuring function to find the amplitude (peak-to-peak) of the Master Signals
module’s 2kHz sine output. Record this in table 1.

Result 2.1: 2kHz Sine Result 2.2: 100kHz cosin

Result 2.3: 100kHz Sine

14. Measure and record the frequency of the Master Signals module’s 2kHz SINE output
15. Repeat Steps 12 to 14 for the Master Signals module’s other two analog outputs.

16. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 3 below.

17. Activate the scope’s Channel B input by pressing the Channel B Display control’s ON/OFF button.

Result 2.4: relationship between sine and cosine with the same frequency

Question 1: By visual inspection of the scope’s display, which of the two signals is leading the other?
Explain your answer.

 From the above result, the cosine output reaches its peak to the left of the sine output
on the display, thus, the cosine output is leading the sine output.
The Speech module

18. Deactivate the scope’s Channel B input.

19. Set the scope’s Timebase control to the 2ms/div position.

20. Set the scope’s Channel A Scale control to the 2V/div position.

21. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 4

22. Talk and hum into the microphone while watching the scope’s display. Be sure to say “one” and
“two” several times.

Result 2.5: The resulting wave of saying one and two

The Amplifier module

23. Locate the Amplifier module and set its Gain control to about a third of its travel.
24. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 5

25. Adjust the scope’s T i m e b a s e control to view two or so cycles of the Amplifier module’s input.

26. Activate the scope’s Channel B input.

27. Press the A u t o s c a l e button for both channels.

28. Measure the amplitude (peak-to-peak) of the Amplifier module’s input. Record your measurement in
Table 2 below.

29. Measure and record the amplitude of the Amplifier module’s output.

Question 2: Calculate the Amplifier module’s gain (on its present gain setting).

 -3 (assume amplifier module’s gain is set third of its travel)

30. Turn the Amplifier module’s G a i n control fully anti-clockwise then turn it clockwise just a little
until you can just see a sinewave.

31. Press Channel B’s A u t o s c a l e control again to resize the signal on the display
32. Measure and record the amplitude of the Amplifier module’s new output.

Question 3: Calculate the Amplifier module’s new gain.

Question 4: In terms of the gain figure, what’s the difference between gain and attenuation?

 The gain figure for attenuation is < ±1 and for the the gain figure for amplication is >±1.

33. Turn the Amplifier module’s Gain control fully clockwise.

34. Press Channel B’s Autoscale control again to resize the signal on the display.

Question 5: What do you think the output signal would look like if the amplifier’s gain was
sufficiently large?

 Squarewave

35. Turn the Amplifier module’s Gain control fully anti-clockwise.

Question 6: Why is the Master Signals module’s 100kHz SiNE output inaudible?

 Because the human range of hearing is about 20Hz to 20khz.

2.2-The Adder and Phase Shifter modules

Procedure:

12. Locate the Adder module and turn its g control (for Input B ) fully anti-clockwise

13. Set the Adder module’s G control (for Input A ) to about the middle of its travel.
14. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 1

15. Adjust the scope’s T i m e b a s e control to view two or so cycles of the Master Signals module’s
2kHz SINE output.

16. Activate the scope’s Channel B input (by pressing the Channel B Display control’s ON/OFF button) to
view the Adder module’s output as well as the Master Signals module’s 2kHz Sine output

17. Vary the Adder module’s G control left and right and observe the effect.

Question 1: What aspect of the Adder module’s performance does the G control vary?

 The gain of input A. Therefore, “G” is for gain.

18. Use the scope’s measuring function to measure the voltage on the Adder module’s Input A . Record
your measurement in Table 1

Result 2.6: Maximum and minimum G

19. Turn the Adder Module’s G control fully clockwise

20. Measure and record the Adder module’s output voltage.

21. Calculate and record the voltage gain of the Adder module’s Input A.

22. Turn the Adder Module’s G control fully anti-clockwise.

23. Press Channel B’s Autoscale control to resize the signal on the display.

24. Repeat Steps 20 and 21.

Question 2: What is the range of gains for the Adder Module’s A input?

 About -0.02 to -2

25. Leave the Adder Module’s G control fully anti-clockwise.

26. Disconnect the Master Signals module’s 2 k H z S I N E output from the Adder module’s Input A and
connect it to the Adder’s Input B.

27. Turn the Adder module’s g control fully clockwise

28. Press Channel B’s Auto scale control to resize the signal on the display.

29. Measure the Adder module’s output voltage. Record your measurement in Table 2

Result 2.7: Maximum and Minimum g

30. Calculate and record the voltage gain of the Adder module’s Input B .

31. Turn the Adder module’s g control fully anti-clockwise.

32. Repeat Steps 28 to 30.

Question 3: Compare the results in Tables 1 and 2. What can you say about the Adder module’s two
inputs in terms of their gain?

 Results in table 1 and 2 are the same as each other.

Question 4: What is the relationship between the amplitude of the signals on the Adder module’s
inputs and output?

 The relationship between the amplitude of the signals on the Adder module’s inputs
and output is that, the sum of the two inputs after being multiplied by g & G is the
output.

Question 5: This module’s output signal can be phase shifted by different amounts

o but it always leads the input signal.

o but it always lags the input signal.
o and can either lead or lag the input signal.

Answer = and can either lead or lag the input signal

2.3 - The Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)

14. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 1

15. Adjust the scope’s Timebase control to view two or so cycles of the Function Generator’s output.

16. Use the scope’s measuring function to find the frequency of the Function Generator’s output.
Record your measurement in Table 1

Result 2.8 Frequency of the function generator’s output

17. Modify the set-up as shown in Figure 2

18. Activate the scope’s Channel B input to view the Function Generator’s DC input voltage as well as its
AC output voltage

19. Set the scope’s Channel B Scale control to the 5 V / d i v position.

20. Press the scope’s Channel B Zero button.

21. Set the scope’s Channel 2 Coupling control to the D C position.

22. Increase the Variable Power Supplies’ positive output voltage while watching the scope’s display.

Question 1: What happens to the Function Generator’s output when you increase its positive DC
input voltage?

 Signal’s frequency goes up

23. Set the Variable Power Supplies’ positive output voltage to 10V.
24. Measure the Function Generator’s new output frequency. Record your measurement in Table 2

Question 2: Use the information in Tables 1 and 2 to determine the Function Generator’s VCO
sensitivity

 1kHZ/volt

25. Repeat this process to determine the sensitivity of the Function Generator’s VCO for the 500Hz and
50kHz Coarse Frequency settings. Record this in Table 3

26. Modify the set-up as shown in Figure 4

27. Increase the Variable Power Supplies’ negative output voltage while watching the scope’s display.
Question 3: What happens to the Function Generator’s output when you increase its negative DC
input voltage?

 The signal’s frequency goes down

Experiment 3 – An introduction to soft front-panel

control

Result 3: Multimeter reading when setting the soft VPS t0 6.8V

 Question 1: What is the advantage of being able to adjust the Variable Power Supplies using
the soft front-panel?
 The advantage of being able to adjust the Variable Power Supplies is changes can be
made remotely.

Experiment 4 – Using the Emona DATEx to model

equations

Procedure:
15. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 2

16. Adjust the scope’s Timebase control to view two or so cycles of the Master Signals module’s
2kHz SINE output.

17. Measure the amplitude (peak-to-peak) of the Master Signals module’s 2kHz SINE
output. Record your measurement in Table 1
18. Disconnect the lead to the Adder module’s B input.

Result of procedure 18

19. Activate the scope’s Channel B input by pressing the Channel B Display control’s ON/OFF button to
observe the Adder module’s output as well as its input.

20. Adjust the Adder module’s soft G control until its output voltage is the same size as its input voltage
(measured in Step 17).

21. Reconnect the lead to the Adder module’s B input.

Result of procedure 21
22. Disconnect the lead to the Adder module’s A input.

Result of procedure 22

23. Adjust the Adder module’s soft g control until its output voltage is the same size as its input voltage
(measured in Step 17).

24. Reconnect the lead to the Adder module’s A input.

25. Measure and record the amplitude of the Adder module’s output

Question 1: Is the Adder module’s measured output voltage exactly 8Vp-p as theoretically
predicted?

 No

Question 2: What are two reasons for this?

 1. The gains are not equal/exactly -1

 2. Loading (the adder’s input is not exactly 4Vp-p)

26. Locate the Phase Shifter module on the DATEx SFP and set its soft Phase Change control to the 0°
position.
27. Set the Phase Shifter module’s soft Phase Adjust control about the middle of its travel.

Result of procedure 27

28. Connect the set-up shown in Figure 4

Result of procedure 28
29. Adjust the Phase Shifter module’s soft Phase Adjust control until its input and output signals look like
they’re about 180° out of phase with each other.

30. Disconnect the scope’s Channel B lead from the Phase Shifter module’s output and connect it to the
Adder module’s output

31. Press Channel B’s Auto scale control to resize the signal on the display

32. Measure the amplitude of the Adder module’s output. Record your measurement in Table 2

Question 3: What are two reasons for the output not being 0V as theoretically predicted?

 The two reasons for the output not being 0V as theoretically predicted are first, the
gains are not exactly the same, second, the phase difference between the adder’s two
inputs is not exactly 180 degrees.

Question 5: What can be said about the phase shift between the signals on the Adder module’s two
inputs now?

 Phase shift is almost closer to 180 degrees

Question 6: What can be said about the gain of the Adder module’s two inputs now?

 They are almost the same/closer to each other