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We are pleased to submit our draft report for the Colonie Landfill Alternative Access Evaluation.
SIMCO Engineering studied a total of four driveway/site access locations including the original
Arrowhead Drive driveway (that proposed access to Route 9 from Fonda Road) analyzed as part of the
Colonie Landfill Traffic Impact Study. A total of three alternative driveways were also analyzed
including the following (see Figure):
As part of the analysis, SIMCO studied each location in terms of the Driveway Cross Street (roadway
functional classification, roadway characteristics, speed limit, and traffic volume), Driveway Intersection
(weekday peak period level of service – LOS, truck and car sight distance, and surrounding land uses),
and Route 9 Intersection (intersection characteristics, access to Route 9, weekday peak period LOS, and
truck and car sight distance). A summary of the analyses results is provided in Table 1. The detailed
analysis results for the intersection LOS analysis is provided in Appendix A, the NYSDOT criteria for
sight distance is provided in Appendix B, and the sight distance analysis results are provided in Appendix
C.
Using the information provided in Table 1, pros and cons for each of the four alternatives were
summarized in Table 2. Based on the results, all three of the alternative driveway locations are projected
to fail due to poor intersection LOS and/or sight distance deficiencies. Alternatively, the original
Arrowhead Drive driveway is projected to operate satisfactory in all of these areas. The somewhat
circuitous routing for this location will be mitigated using signage that will clearly delineate a path
between the site driveway and Route 9. Based on the results of the analyses, it is clear that the original
Arrowhead Drive driveway is the preferred location.
Traffic ● Parking ● Highways ● Transit ● Airports ● Bridge Inspection ● Construction Inspection ● MBE/DBE Certified
80 Maiden Lane, Suite 501 ● New York, NY 10038-4892 ● (212) 385-8100 ● FAX: (212) 385-8101 ●
Web:www.simcopc.com
If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact Mr. Michael Monteleone at 212-385-
8100 (extension 1614).
Sincerely,
Traffic ● Parking ● Highways ● Transit ● Airports ● Bridge Inspection ● Construction Inspection ● MBE/DBE Certified
80 Maiden Lane, Suite 501 ● New York, NY 10038-4892 ● (212) 385-8100 ● FAX: (212) 385-8101 ●
Web:www.simcopc.com
Arrowhead Drive
Existing Entrance
Option
Cohoes Crescent
Road Entrance
Table 1 ‐ Colonie Landfill Alternative Access Evaluation
Cross Street Driveway Intersection Route 9 Intersection
Driveway Location
LOS at Intersection
Functional Roadway LOS at Driveway Intersection with
Speed Limit AADT (NYSDOT) Truck sight distance Car sight distance Surrounding Uses Access to Route 9 with Route 9 Truck sight distance Car sight distance
Classification Charateristics (weekday) Route 9
(weekday)
Stop‐Controlled
Separate
Entrance/Exit Does not meet
Driveways. LOS C (AM) NYSDOT Intersection
Meets NYSDOT
Current Urban Principal Exit driveway is very 55 mph 14,745 (2008) LOS C (MD) Sight Distance Residential & Direct Connection to
Intersection Sight (See Driveway) (See Driveway) (See Driveway) (See Driveway)
(at Route 9) Arterial Other wide. Two travel on Route 9 Route 9 LOS E (PM) Requirement due to Commerical Route 9
Distance Requirement
lanes in each the roadway
direction on Route 9 alignment
with two ‐way center
left‐turn lane.
Meets NYSDOT Meets NYSDOT
Stop‐Controlled
Intersection Sight Intersection Sight Does not meet Does not meet
No turn lanes on
Distance Distance NYSDOT Intersection NYSDOT Intersection
Two‐way, one travel Cresent Road. Two Travel west along
40 mph 5,646 (2008) LOS C (AM) Requirement; Requirement; LOS F (AM) Sight Distance Sight Distance
Crescent Road Urban Minor Arterial lane each in direction Vacant travel lanes in each Crescent Road to
on Crescent Road Crescent Road LOS C (PM) significant earthwork significant earthwork LOS F (PM) Requirement due to Requirement due to
direction on Route 9 Route 9
and vegetation and vegetation the roadway the roadway
with southbound Left‐
removal would be removal would be alignment alignment
turn bay
required required
Stop‐Controlled
No turn lanes on
Arrowhead Drive. LOS F (AM)
Arrowhead Drive LOS A (AM) Meets NYSDOT Meets NYSDOT Travel west along Meets NYSDOT Meets NYSDOT
Two‐way, one travel 30 mph Minimal Two travel lanes in LOS E (MD)
(via Arrowhead Urban Local Roadway LOS A (MD) Intersection Sight Intersection Sight Residential Arrowhead Lane to Intersection Sight Intersection Sight
lane in each direction on Arrowhead Road Arrowhead Lane each direction on LOS F (PM)
Drive) LOS A (PM) Distance Requirement Distance Requirement Route 9 Distance Requirement Distance Requirement
Route 9 with two ‐
way center left‐turn
lane.
Stop‐Controlled
No turn lanes on Travel east along
LOS A (AM) Meets NYSDOT Meets NYSDOT Fonda Road. Two Arrowhead Lane to LOS C (AM)
Arrowhead Drive Two‐way, one travel 30 mph Minimal Industrial &
Urban Local Roadway LOS B (MD) Intersection Sight Intersection Sight travel lanes in each Green Mountain LOS B (MD) N/A ‐ Signal N/A ‐ Signal
(via Fonda Road) lane in each direction on Arrowhead Road Arrowhead Lane Commercial
LOS A (PM) Distance Requirement Distance Requirement direction on Route 9 Drive to Fonda Road LOS C (PM)
with southbound Left‐ to Route 9
turn bay
Table 2 ‐ Colonie Landfill Alternative Access Evaluation
Driveway
Pros Cons
Location
1. Drivers are familiar with existing driveway operation; 1. The left‐turn movement leaving the driveway is projected to operate
2. Exit driveway is very wide; poorly during the weekday PM peak period;
Current
3. Sight distance meets NYSDOT standards for cars; 2. Sight distance does not meet NYSDOT standards for trucks due to
(at Route 9)
4. Direct connection to Route 9. roadway alignment.
1. The left‐turn movement leaving the proposed driveway is projected to 1. The left‐turn movement at Cresent Road and Route 9 is projected to
operate satisfactory during all weekday peak periods analyzed; operate poorly during all weekday periods analyzed;
2.Sight distance meets NYSDOT standards for cars and trucks leaving the 2. Sight distance does not meet NYSDOT standards for cars and trucks
proposed driveway. at Cresent Road and Route 9 due to roadway alignment;
Crescent Road
3. Significant earthwork and vegetation removal would be required at
proposed driveway.
1. The left‐turn movement leaving the proposed driveway is projected to 1. The left‐turn movement at Arrowhead Drive and Route 9 is
operate satisfactory during all weekday peak periods analyzed; projected to operate poorly during all weekday periods analyzed;
Arrowhead Drive 2. Sight distance meets NYSDOT standards for cars and trucks leaving proposed 2. Trucks entering and exiting the site would travel along the
(via Arrowhead driveway; residential portion of Arrowhead Drive.
Drive) 3. Sight distance meets NYSDOT standards for cars and trucks at the
Arrowhead Drive and Route 9 intersection.
1. The left‐turn movement leaving the proposed driveway is projected to 1. Route between proposed driveway and Route 9 is circuitous (signs
operate satisfactory during all weekday peak periods analyzed; are proposed to delineate path).
2. Sight distance meets NYSDOT standards for cars and trucks leaving proposed
driveway;
Arrowhead Drive 3. Access to the proposed driveway would utilize the signal at the intersection
(via Fonda Road) of Route 9 and Fonda Road which is projected to operate satisfactory during all
weekday periods analyzed;
4. Trucks entering and exiting the site would travel through a light industrial
area.
APPENDIX A
HCS Analysis Reports
HCS2000: Unsignalized Intersections Release 4.1d
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday AM
Intersection: Cohoes Crescent Rd & Driveway
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021
Project ID: 12.363 Colonies Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Cohoes Crescent Road
North/South Street: Proposed Driveway
Intersection Orientation: EW Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday PM
Intersection: Cohoes Crescent Rd & Driveway
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021
Project ID: 12.363 Colonies Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Cohoes Crescent Road
North/South Street: Proposed Driveway
Intersection Orientation: EW Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday AM
Intersection: Route 9 & Cohoes Crescent Rd
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021 Build
Project ID:
East/West Street: Cohoes Crescent Road
North/South Street: Loudon Rd (Route 9)
Intersection Orientation: NS Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday PM
Intersection: Route 9 & Cohoes Crescent Rd
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021 Build
Project ID: 12.363 Colonie Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Cohoes Crescent Road
North/South Street: Loudon Rd (Route 9)
Intersection Orientation: NS Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/13/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday AM
Intersection: Arrowhead Lane & Driveway
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021
Project ID: 12.363 Colonies Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Lane
North/South Street: Proposed Driveway
Intersection Orientation: EW Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday MD
Intersection: Arrowhead Lane & Driveway
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021
Project ID: 12.363 Colonies Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Lane
North/South Street: Proposed Driveway
Intersection Orientation: EW Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday PM
Intersection: Arrowhead Lane & Driveway
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021
Project ID: 12.363 Colonies Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Lane
North/South Street: Proposed Driveway
Intersection Orientation: EW Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday AM
Intersection: Route 9 & Arrowhead Ln
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021 Build
Project ID: 12.363 Colonie Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Ln
North/South Street: Loudon Rd (Route 9)
Intersection Orientation: NS Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday MD
Intersection: Route 9 & Arrowhead Ln
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021 Build
Project ID: 12.363 Colonie Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Ln
North/South Street: Loudon Rd (Route 9)
Intersection Orientation: NS Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday PM
Intersection: Route 9 & Arrowhead Ln
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021 Build
Project ID: 12.363 Colonie Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Ln
North/South Street: Loudon Rd (Route 9)
Intersection Orientation: NS Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday AM
Intersection: Arrowhead Lane & Driveway
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021
Project ID: 12.363 Colonies Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Lane
North/South Street: Proposed Driveway
Intersection Orientation: EW Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday MD
Intersection: Arrowhead Lane & Driveway
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021
Project ID: 12.363 Colonies Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Lane
North/South Street: Proposed Driveway
Intersection Orientation: EW Study period (hrs): 0.25
Analyst: SMZ
Agency/Co.: SIMCO
Date Performed: 5/19/2015
Analysis Time Period: Weekday PM
Intersection: Arrowhead Lane & Driveway
Jurisdiction: Colonie, NY
Units: U. S. Customary
Analysis Year: 2021
Project ID: 12.363 Colonies Landfill Modification
East/West Street: Arrowhead Lane
North/South Street: Proposed Driveway
Intersection Orientation: EW Study period (hrs): 0.25
Westbound
Northbound
Southbound
L 503 875 0.22 0.57 9.2 A
T 1970 3428 0.92 0.57 24.1 C 23.2 C
_______________________________________________________________________________
HCS2000: Signalized Intersections Release 4.1e
Westbound
Northbound
Southbound
L 371 645 0.44 0.57 11.4 B
T 1933 3363 0.34 0.57 9.9 A 10.2 B
_______________________________________________________________________________
HCS2000: Signalized Intersections Release 4.1e
Westbound
Northbound
Southbound
L 84 147 0.61 0.57 24.1 C
T 1951 3395 0.34 0.57 9.9 A 10.9 B
_______________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX B
NYSDOT Sight Distance Requirements
NEW YORK STATE
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Table 5C-3 Design Intersection Sight Distance (in feet) - Case B1 - Left Turn From Stop
Design Passenger Car Single-Unit Truck Combination Truck
speed Lanes Crossed Lanes Crossed Lanes Crossed
(mph) 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
15 170 180 190 210 225 245 255 270 285
20 225 240 250 280 300 325 340 360 380
25 280 295 315 350 375 405 425 450 475
30 335 355 375 420 450 485 510 540 570
35 390 415 440 490 525 565 595 630 665
40 445 475 500 560 600 645 680 720 760
45 500 530 565 630 675 725 765 810 855
50 555 590 625 700 750 805 850 900 950
55 610 650 690 770 825 885 930 990 1045
60 665 710 750 840 900 965 1015 1080 1140
65 720 765 815 910 975 1045 1100 1170 1235
70 775 825 875 980 1050 1125 1185 1260 1330
Table 5C-4 Design Intersection Sight Distance (in feet) - Case B2 - Right Turn From Stop and -
Case B3 - Crossing Maneuver
Passenger Car Single-Unit Truck Combination Truck
Case B2-- Lane Entered Case B2-- Lane Entered Case B2-- Lane Entered
Design
Speed Case B3 – Lanes Crossed Case B3 – Lanes Crossed Case B3 – Lanes Crossed
(mph) 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
15 145 155 170 190 205 220 235 250 265
20 195 210 225 250 275 295 310 330 350
25 240 260 280 315 340 365 390 415 440
30 290 310 335 375 410 440 465 495 525
35 335 365 390 440 475 510 545 580 615
40 385 415 445 500 545 585 620 660 700
45 430 465 500 565 610 655 695 745 790
50 480 515 555 625 680 730 775 825 875
55 530 570 610 690 745 805 850 910 965
60 575 620 665 750 815 875 930 990 1050
65 625 670 720 815 880 950 1005 1075 1140
70 670 725 775 875 950 1020 1085 1155 1225
Page C3
1/15/15
APPENDIX C
Sight Distance Worksheets
Existing Driveway at Route 9
Design Speed - 60 mph (Route 9)
Passenger Car Crossing Two Lanes
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 710 ft
Does meet requirement
Existing Driveway at Route 9
Design Speed - 60 mph (Route 9)
Single Unit Truck Crossing Two Lanes
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 900 ft
Does NOT meet requirement
Proposed Driveway at Crescent Road
Design Speed - 45 mph (Crescent Road)
Passenger Car Crossing One Lane
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 500 ft
Does meet requirement
Proposed Driveway at Crescent Road
Design Speed - 45 mph (Arrowhead Lane)
Single Unit Truck Crossing One Lane
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 630 ft
Does meet requirement
Crescent Road at Route 9
Design Speed - 60 mph (Route 9)
Passenger Car Crossing Two Lanes
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 710 ft
Does NOT meet requirement
Crescent Road at Route 9
Design Speed - 60 mph (Route 9)
Single Unit Truck Crossing Two Lanes
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 900 ft
Does NOT meet requirement
Proposed Driveway at Arrowhead Lane
Design Speed - 35 mph (Crescent Road)
Passenger Car Crossing One Lane
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 390 ft
Does meet requirement
Proposed Driveway at Arrowhead Lane
Design Speed - 35 mph (Arrowhead Lane)
Single Unit Truck Crossing One Lane
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 490 ft
Does meet requirement
Arrowhead Lane at Route 9
Design Speed - 60 mph (Route 9)
Passenger Car Crossing Two Lanes
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 710 ft
Does meet requirement
Arrowhead Lane at Route 9
Design Speed - 60 mph (Route 9)
Single Unit Truck Crossing Two Lanes
NYSDOT Intersection Sight Distance Requirement - 900 ft
Does meet requirement
Truck Turning Video
Truck Turning Video (select frames)