MODELO DE DISEÑO DE ESCALERA

DATOS:
f´c= 210 Kg/cm2
fy= 4200 Kg/cm2
acabados= 120 k/m2
tabiquería= 0 k/m2
s/c= 400 k/m2
r= 2.5 cm

1- Calculo de la garganta (t)

𝑙𝑢𝑧 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑜 𝑚𝑎𝑦𝑜𝑟 3.20

𝑡= = = 0.16 = 16𝑐𝑚
20 20
2- Calculo de (h)

𝑡 16
𝑡 = ℎ ∗ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼 → ℎ = = = 19.71𝑐𝑚
cos 𝛼 25
√949

3- Calculo del (hm)

𝑐 18
ℎ𝑚 = ℎ + = 19.71 + = 28.71
2 2

4- Metrado de cargas

4.1- tramo inclinado:

Peso propio=1*1*0.2871*2.4= 0.689 t/m

Acabados= 1*1*0.120 = 0.120 t/m

D=0.809 t/m
L=0.400 t/m

4.2- tramo del descanso:

Peso propio=1*1*0.16*2.4= 0.384 t/m

Acabados= 1*1*0.120 = 0.120 t/m
D=0.504 t/m
L=0.400 t/m
4.3- cargas ultimas
- tramo inclinado
Wi= (1.4(0.809)+1.7(0.400))*1.2= 2.175 t/m
- tramo del descanso
Wd=(1.4(0.504)+1.7(0.400))*1.2= 1.663 t/m

2.175 tn/m
1.663 tn/m

2.00 1.20

4.351 tn 1.995 tn

a
1.00 1.00 0.60 0.60
VA VB

∑𝑓𝑣 = 0 ⟶ 𝑉𝐴 + 𝑉𝐵 = 4.351 + 1.995

∑𝑀𝐴 = 0 ⟶ 𝑉𝐵(3.2) = 4.351(1) + 1.995(2.6)

⟶ 𝑉𝐵 = 2.98
⟶ 𝑉𝐴 = 3.37

3.365

DFC 2-x 1.20

x

0,985
2.981

𝑋 2−𝑋
= ⇒ 𝑋 = 1.547
3.365 0.985
 3.365

DFC 0.453 1.20

1.547
Y
0.985
0.985
2.981

DMF

2.380
2.603

Mmax=2.603t.m

5- Verificación por flexión

ρmax=0.0161 (tabla N°2)

ωmax=0.322 (tabla N°3)

k=0.2347 (tabla N°4)
𝑑 = 𝑡 − 𝑟 = 16 − 2.5 = 13.5𝑐𝑚
𝑀𝑢 = 𝑘 ∗ 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑2 = 𝑀𝑢 = 0.2347 ∗ 210 ∗ 120 ∗ 13.52 = 1077906.69𝐾𝑔. 𝑐𝑚 = 10.77 𝑡. 𝑚

𝑡
𝑀𝑢 = 10.77 > 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2.603 𝑜𝑘 …
𝑚
6- Verificación por corte

25
V´A = VA COSβ = 3.365 COSβ = 3.365 = 2.73
√949

V´A 2.73∗1000
-𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 (Ѵ𝑐) = = = 1.69
𝑏∗𝑑 120∗13.5
(Ѵ 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑒ñ𝑜) = (0.53∅√𝑓 ′ 𝑐) ∗ 1.1 = (0.53 ∗ 0.85√210) ∗ 1.1 = 7.18

𝑉𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑒ñ𝑜 = 7.18𝑡𝑜𝑛 > 𝑉𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 = 2.73 𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑘 …

7- Diseño estructural

Mmax=2.603 t/m

𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 105 2.603 ∗ 105

𝐾= = = 0.0567
𝑓´𝑐 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 2 210 ∗ 120 ∗ 13.52
𝜔 = 0.065

𝜔 ∗ 𝑓´𝑐 0.065 ∗ 210

𝜌= = = 0.00325
𝑓𝑦 4200

8- Diseño de acero

∅ As
3/8” 0.71
½” 1.27 𝜙
𝑆= ∗ 100
𝐴𝑠

8.1- Acero positivo (+)

𝑨𝒔 = 𝝆 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 = 0.00325 ∗ 120 ∗ 13.5 = 5.27𝑐𝑚2

0.71
𝑆3/8" = ∗ 120 = 16.16 ⇒ 𝜙3/8" @ .15
5.27

1.27
𝑆1/2" = ∗ 120 = 28.91 ⇒ 𝜙1/2" @ .25
5.27
8.1- Acero negativo (-)

𝐴𝑠 + 5.27
8.2.1- 𝑨𝒔− = = = 1.976𝑐𝑚2
3 3

8.2.2-𝑨𝒔− 𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒎𝒐 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟖 ∗ 𝒃 ∗ 𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟖 ∗ 𝟏𝟐𝟎 ∗ 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟔 𝒄𝒎𝟐

∴ 𝑨𝒔− 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = 3.46 𝑐𝑚2

0.71
𝑆3/8" = ∗ 120 = 24.62 ⇒ 𝜙3/8" @ .20
3.46

1.27
𝑆1/2" = ∗ 120 = 44.04 ⇒ 𝜙1/2" @ .40
3.46

𝐴𝑠 + = 𝜙1/2" @ .25
𝐴𝑠 − = 𝜙3/8" @ .20

8.1- Acero de temperatura

𝐴𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 = 0.0018 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 = 0.0018 ∗ 120 ∗ 13.5 = 2.916 𝑐𝑚2

0.71
𝑆3/8" = ∗ 120 = 29.18 ⇒ 𝜙3/8" @ .25
2.92

1.27
𝑆1/2" = ∗ 120 = 52.19 ⇒ 𝜙1/2" @ .50
2.92