Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
Brown Spot
Physoderma maydis
2
2
3
4
3 5
4
Downy Mildews
5
These diseases are of serious concern to maize
producers in several countries of Asia and
Africa. Recent information indicates that their
distribution is increasing throughout the
American continent. Symptom expression is
greatly affected by plant age, species of the
pathogen, and environment. Usually, there is
chlorotic striping of leaves and leaf sheaths, and
dwarfing. Downy mildew becomes conspicuous
after development of a "downy growth" on or
under leaf surfaces. This condition is the result
of conidia formation, which commonly occurs
in early morning.
6
8
7
9
8
Tar Spot
Phyllachora maydis
9
Maize Rusts
Common Rust
Puccinia sorghi
10
10
11
11
12
12
Polysora Rust
Puccinia polysora
13
Tropical Rust
Physopella zeae
14
13
15
16
Zonate Leaf Spot
Gloeocercospora sorghi
17
Leptosphaeria Leaf Spot
Leptosphaeria michotii
18
19
Phaeosphaeria Leaf Spot
Phaeosphaeria maydis
21
Gray Leaf Spot
Cercospora zeae-maydis
22
L7
23
24
Curvularia Leaf Spot
Curvularia lunata and C. pallescens
25
Carbonum Leaf Spot
He/minthosporium carbonum
26
20
21
28
Maydis Leaf Blight
Helminthosporium maydis
29
Turcicum Leaf Blight
Helminthosporium turcicum
30
23
32
Diplodia Macrospora Leaf Stripe
Diplodia macrospora
33
Leaf Anthracnose
Colletotrichum graminicola
34
35
25
26
36
Septoria Leaf Blotch
Septoria maydis
37
Eyespot of Maize
Kabatiella zeae
38
39
29
30
40
Phyllosticta Leaf Spot
Phyllosticta maydis
41
Banded Leaf and Sheath Spot
Rhizoctonia solani f.sp. sasakii
42
31
32
43
33
44
Pythium Stalk Rot
Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium spp.
45
Head Smut
Sphacelotheca reiliana
46
35
47
36
48
Black Bundle
Disease and Late Wilt
Cephalosporium acremonium,
Cephalosporium maydis
49
Charcoal Stalk Rot
Macrophomina phaseoli
50
51
52
False Head Smut
Ustilaginoidea virens
53
Botryodiplodia Stalk Rot
Botryodiplodia theobromae
54
55
Diagnostic Key
Stalk
57
Lesions, small. necrotic, Leptosphaeria 18
coalescing into leaf spot
concentric necrotic
, spots.
58
Spots. small and necrotic. Curvularia leaf 25
with light colored haloes. spot
Ear
60
Spots, concentric, on Banded leaf and 42
husks; white mold; sheath spot
filamentous masses.
Tassel
61
62
Diplodia Stalk Rot
Diplodia maydis
83
Gibberella
and Fusarium Stalk Rots
Fusarium spp.
64
65
46
47
66
BotrYodiP.lodia
or Black Kernel Rot
Botryodiplodia theobromae
67
Gibberella Ear Rots
Gibberella zeae
(Imperfect stage Fusarium graminearum)
Gibberella fujikuroi
(Imperfect stage Fusarium montliforme)
68
69
51
52
53
70
Charcoal Ear Rot
Macrophomina phaseoli
71
Horses's Tooth, Ergot of Maize
Claviceps gigantea
72
73
74
Penicillium Ear Rots
Penicillium spp.
75
Aspergillus Ear Rot
Aspergi/lus spp.
76
58
77
78
Gray Ear Rot
Physalospora zeae
79
Common Smut
Usti/ago maydis
80
63
64
82
Nigrospora Ear Rot
Nigrospora oryzae
83
Cladosporium Ear Rot
Cladosporium herbarum (syn. Hormodendrum
cladosporoides)
84
65
85
66
67
86
Diplodia Ear Rot
Dip/odia maydis, D. macrospora
87
Stalk Rot
Erwinia carotouora f. sp. zeae
88
69
89
70
71
90
Stewart's Wilt
Erwinia stewartii
91
Bacterial Leaf Stripe
Pseudomonas rubrilineans
92
72
73
93
74
94
Maize Bushy Stunt Disease
(MBSD)
95
Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus
(MCDV)
96
75
97
76
77
98
Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus
(MCMV)
99
Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus
(MDMV)
100
78
79
101
102
Maize Lethal Necrosis
(MLN)
103
Maize Mosaic Virus I
(MMV)
104
81
82
105
84
106
Maize Stripe Virus
(M Stp V)
107
Maize Fine Stripe Virus
(MRFV)
108
85
86
10S
87
110
Corn Streak Virus
(CSV)
111
Corn Stunt Disease
(CSD)
112
89
113
The International Malze and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMY111s
an Internationally funded, nonprofit scientific research and training
organization. Headquartered In Mexico, CIMMYT Is engaged In a
worldwide research program for maize, wheat and triticale, with
emphasis on food production In developing countries. CIMMYT Is one of
13 nonprofit International agricultural research and training centers
supported by the Consultative Group for International Agricultural
Research (CGIAR). The CGIAR Is sponsored by the Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAQ) of the United Nations. the International
Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank), and the
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The CGIAR consists
of 50 donor countries, International and regional organizations. and
private foundations.