Chapter 05 Database Systems and Applications

Chapter 05: Database Systems and Applications
1. A database, a database management system, and the application programs that use the data make up a database
environment.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 05.01
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
2. A field is typically a name, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
3. A collection of data fields all related to one object, activity, or individual is called a file.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
4. An attribute is a general class of people, places, or things for which data is collected, stored, and maintained.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
5. The specific value of an attribute is called a data entity.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
6. Two sets of fields can have a common primary key.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
7. Often, distinct yet related databases are linked to provide enterprise-wide databases.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
8. Today, most organizations use the traditional approach to data management, where multiple information systems share
a pool of related data.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
9. To use the database approach to data management, no additional software is required.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

10. A database must reflect the business processes of an organization.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
11. When organizing a database, one of the key considerations includes determining who will have access to the collected
data.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
12. A data model is a diagram of data attributes and their relationships.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
13. The relational model describes data using a standard tabular format; all data elements are placed in three-dimensional
tables called relations, which are the logical equivalent of files.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

14. In the relational model, each row in a table represents an entity, and each column represents an attribute of that entity.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
15. Oracle is currently the market leader in general purpose databases, with about three-fourths of the multibillion dollar
database market.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
16. In the context of relational database model, selecting involves combining two or more tables.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
17. In the context of relational database model, projecting involves eliminating columns in a table.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
18. One of the primary advantages of a relational database is that it allows tables to be linked to reduce data redundancy
and allow data to be organized more logically.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
19. The relational database model is currently the most widely used.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
20. A database management system (DBMS) serves as an interface between an application program and a database.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
21. One of the final steps in installing and using a large database involves “telling” the database management system
(DBMS) the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
22. A database administrator is an important nontechnical position responsible for defining and implementing consistent
principles for a variety of data issues, including setting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the
databases in an organization.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
23. A database administrator (DBA) must have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of an organization, be
proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design
approaches.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
24. Unstructured data comes from sources such as word-processing documents and scientific research.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
25. A data warehouse stores historical data that has been extracted from operational systems and external sources.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
26. Online analytical processing involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
27. Online analytical processing and data mining are essentially the same thing.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
28. Predictive analysis is a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to
predict outcomes of events.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
29. Competitive intelligence is espionage.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
30. Counterintelligence turns data into useful information that is kept closely guarded to avoid this information from
falling into the hands of the wrong employees.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
31. Which of the following statements is true of a database?

a. It is accessed primarily for use by an b. It provides an essential foundation for an
organization’s database administrator and data organization’s knowledge management and artificial
administrator. intelligence systems.
c. It is a collection of unstructured data. d. It helps companies analyze information to open new
market opportunities.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
32. The smallest piece of data used by a computer is a(n) _____.

a. entity b. byte
c. bit d. character
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
33. A database is a collection of integrated and related _____.

a. fields b. attributes
c. records d. files
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: Data Management
34. A collection of fields all related to a single object, activity, or individual is a(n) _____.
a. record b. file
c. attribute d. character
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
35. A(n) _____ is a field or set of fields in a record that uniquely identifies the record.
a. attribute b. entity
c. primary key d. data item
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
36. _____ is an approach that starts by investigating the general data and information needs of an organization at the
strategic level and then examines more specific data and information needs for the functional areas and departments
within the organization.
a. Data selecting b. Enterprise data modeling
c. Data cleansing d. Social graph analysis
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
37. Each attribute in a relational database model can be constrained to a range of allowable values called a _____.
a. bandwidth b. scope
c. slot d. domain
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
38. Basic data manipulations include _____ that involves eliminating rows in a relational database according to certain
criteria.
a. selecting b. joining
c. projecting d. linking
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
39. As long as the tables in a relational database share one common _____, the tables can be linked to provide useful
information and reports.
a. primary key b. file

c. foreign key d. data attribute
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
40. A _____ is a simple database program whose records have no relationship to one another.
a. flat file b. schema
c. relational system d. user view
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
41. _____ is a special-purpose programming language for accessing and manipulating data stored in a relational database.
a. Query by Example (QBE) b. Access
c. Structured Query Language (SQL) d. Java
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
42. A _____ is a description that involves "telling" the database management system (DBMS) the logical and physical
structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.
a. query b. record
c. schema d. field
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: Database Management Systems
43. A ______ is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific
database.
a. data dictionary b. schema
c. data definition language d. data manipulation language
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
44. The position of a _____ is a nontechnical position responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for
setting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the databases in an organization.
a. data analyst b. data administrator
c. database administrator d. data owner
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
45. Some databases use ______, which is a visual approach to developing queries and requests.
a. Query by Example (QBE) b. user views
c. Structured Query Language (SQL) d. data manipulation language (DML)
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
46. With _____, the database is stored on a service provider’s server and accessed by the client over a network, typically
the Internet.
a. Internet access b. Database as a Service
c. Software as a Service d. Oracle
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
47. _____ is the term used to describe enormous and complex data collections that traditional data management software,
hardware, and analysis processes are incapable of dealing with them.
a. Data warehouse b. Data mart
c. Big data d. Knowledge base
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
48. Data warehouses allow managers to _____ to get increasing levels of detail about business conditions.
a. roll up b. drill down
c. slice and dice d. extract data
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
49. A _____ is a subset of a data warehouse that is used by small- and medium-sized businesses and departments within
large companies to support decision making.
a. data dictionary b. data model
c. data mart d. data mine
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
50. _____ is an information-analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data
warehouse.
a. Data mining b. Counterintelligence
c. Competitive intelligence d. Enterprise data modeling
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
51. ______ is a form of database processing that supports top-down, query-driven data analysis.
a. Database normalization b. Online analytical processing (OLAP)
c. Data warehousing d. Data mining
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
52. _____ is a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to forecast the
outcomes of events.
a. Business intelligence b. Social graph analysis
c. Online analytical processing d. Predictive analysis
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
53. Social graph analysis is a(n) _____ technique in which data is represented as networks where the vertices are the
individual data points (social network users) and the edges are the connections among them.
a. data mining b. online analytical processing
c. data visualization d. predictive analysis
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
54. _____ are quantifiable measurements that assess progress toward organizational goals and reflect the critical success
factors of an organization.
a. Business intelligence matrices b. Social graphs
c. Key performance indicators (KPIs) d. Dashboards
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
55. The term _____ describes the steps an organization takes to protect information sought by "hostile" intelligence
gathers.
a. data loss prevention b. trade secret
c. counterintelligence d. competitive intelligence
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

56. Most of the data that an organization must deal with is _____ data, meaning that it is not organized in any
predefined manner.
ANSWER: unstructured
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
57. A(n) ______ consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the
database and its users and other application programs.
ANSWER: database management system (DBMS)
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
58. Together, bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databases form the ______.
ANSWER: hierarchy of data
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
59. A collection of related records is called a(n) _____.

ANSWER: file
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
60. A(n) _____ is a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies a record.
ANSWER: primary key
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
61. A(n) _____ is a diagram of entities and their relationships.

ANSWER: data model
POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy
62. Data modeling done at the level of an entire enterprise is called _____.
ANSWER: enterprise data modeling
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
63. ______ use basic graphical symbols to show an organization of and relationships between data.
ANSWER: Entity-relationship (ER) diagrams
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
64. The _____ model has become the most popular database model.
ANSWER: relational
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
65. In the relational database model, each row of a table represents a(n) _____.
ANSWER: entity
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
66. Oracle, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, MySQL, and Sybas are databases based on the _____
model.
ANSWER: relational
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
67. In a relational database model, the range of allowable values for a data attribute is called its _____.
ANSWER: domain
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
68. In a relational database model, _____ involves combining two or more tables.
ANSWER: joining
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
69. _____ is the process of detecting and then correcting or deleting incomplete, incorrect, inaccurate, irrelevant records
that reside in a database.
ANSWER: Data cleansing
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
70. A description that tells the database management system (DBMS) the logical and physical structure of the data and the
relationships among the data for each user is called a(n) _____.
ANSWER: schema
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
71. A(n) _____ is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a
specific database.
ANSWER: data definition language (DDL)
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
72. A(n) _____ is a detailed description of all data used in a database.

ANSWER: data dictionary
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
73. _____ is a method of dealing with a situation in which two or more users or applications need to access the same
record at the same time.
ANSWER: Concurrency control
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
74. A(n) _____ is designed to store and retrieve data in a manner that does not rigidly enforce the atomic conditions
associated with the relational database model in order to provide faster performance and greater scalability.
ANSWER: NoSQL database
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
75. The _____ is a specific language, provided with a database management system (DBMS) that allows users to access
and modify the data, to make queries, and to generate reports.
ANSWER: data manipulation language (DML)
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
76. A(n) ______ is an individual who is expected to have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of an
organization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies
and new design approaches.
ANSWER: database administrator (DBA)
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
77. A(n) ______ is an individual responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data
issues.
ANSWER: data administrator
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
78. In the context of a database management system (DBMS), a(n) _____ interacts with other programs or applications
and only indirectly interacts with people or users.
ANSWER: back-end application
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
79. A(n) _____ is a database management system that stores the entire database in random access memory (RAM).
ANSWER: in-memory database (IMDB)
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
80. A business intelligence _____ is a data visualization tool that displays the current status of the key performance
indicators (KPIs) for an organization.
ANSWER: dashboard
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
81. Briefly describe the hierarchy of data.

ANSWER: Data is generally organized in a hierarchy that begins with the smallest piece of data used by
computers (a bit) and progresses through the hierarchy to a database. A bit (a binary digit)
represents a circuit that is either on or off. Bits can be organized into units called bytes. A
byte is typically eight bits. Each byte represents a character, which is the basic building block
of most information. Characters are put together to form a field. A field is typically a
name, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object or
activity. A collection of data fields all related to one object, activity, or individual is called a
record. A collection of related records is a file. At the highest level of the data hierarchy is a
database, a collection of integrated and related files. Together, bits, characters, fields,
records, files, and databases form the hierarchy of data.
POINTS: 1

82. Differentiate between the traditional and the database approach to data management.
ANSWER: At one time, information systems referenced specific files containing relevant data. For
example, a payroll system would use a payroll file. Each distinct operational system used
data files dedicated to that system. This approach to data management is called the traditional
approach to data management. Today, most organizations use the database approach to data
management, where multiple information systems share a pool of related data. For example,
the Human Resources database contains lots of data about employees, and it is accessed for
use by many different functions including payroll, personnel, training, etc.
POINTS: 1
83. Briefly describe the relational database model.

ANSWER: The relational database model describes data using a standard tabular format; all data
elements are placed in two-dimensional tables called relations, which are the logical
equivalent of files. The tables in relational databases organize data in rows and columns,
simplifying data access and manipulation. In the relational model, each row of a table
represents a data entity or record. Each column represents an attribute or field. After entering
data into a relational database, users can make inquiries and analyze data through use of the
selecting, projecting, and joining functions. Selecting involves removing rows according to
certain criteria. Projecting involves eliminating columns in a table. Joining involves
combining two or more tables.
POINTS: 1
84. Describe business intelligence (BI).

ANSWER: Business intelligence (BI) is a broad range of technologies and applications that enable an
organization to transform mostly structured data obtained from information systems to
perform analysis, generate information, and improve the decision making of the organization.
BI technologies include data mining, online analytical processing, predictive analytics, data
visualization, and competitive intelligence. Some key BI vendors are IBM Cognos,
Information Builders, Microsoft, Micro Strategy, Oracle, SAP, and SAS.
POINTS: 1
85. Explain entity-relationship (ER) diagrams.

ANSWER: Entity-relationship (ER) diagrams use basic graphical symbols to show an organization of
and relationships between data. In other words, ER diagrams show data items in tables
(entities) and the ways they are related.
ER diagrams help ensure that the relationships among the data entities in a database are
correctly structured so that any application programs developed are consistent with business
operations and user needs. In addition, ER diagrams can serve as reference documents after a
database is in use. If changes are made to the database, ER diagrams help design them.
POINTS: 1

Chapter 05 Database Systems and Applications

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 05 Database Systems and Applications

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 05: Database Systems and Applications

5. The specific value of an attribute is called a data entity.

6. Two sets of fields can have a common primary key.

9. To use the database approach to data management, no additional software is required.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 2

10. A database must reflect the business processes of an organization.

12. A data model is a diagram of data attributes and their relationships.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 3

29. Competitive intelligence is espionage.

31. Which of the following statements is true of a database?

32. The smallest piece of data used by a computer is a(n) _____.

33. A database is a collection of integrated and related _____.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 9

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 13

59. A collection of related records is called a(n) _____.

61. A(n) _____ is a diagram of entities and their relationships.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 14

72. A(n) _____ is a detailed description of all data used in a database.

81. Briefly describe the hierarchy of data.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 18

83. Briefly describe the relational database model.

84. Describe business intelligence (BI).

85. Explain entity-relationship (ER) diagrams.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 20

You might also like