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FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT
In the experience of the incidence of the gradient of velocity in flocculation, it has as its purpose; the
determination of the optimum speed gradient for the flocculation process, understanding that this
gradient is a variable that directly affects the result obtained in the treatment of water; for which
aluminum sulfate was used as coagulant and the optimum conditions of this one, such as its optimal
dose (55 mg / L), the optimal concentration (5%), and the optimal coagulation times (30 seconds)
and flocculation ( 15 minutes) to obtain a greater efficiency in the clarification of the water samples.
By adding coagulant aluminum sulphate type B to the water sample and then proceeding to
administer the slow mixture so that there is a homogenization in the raw water, different speeds of
the equipment were considered to find which would provide the ideal speed gradient to treat the
water, where the optimum speed gradient was obtained by pitcher number 3, which was 56.56 sec-
1, in addition it managed to comply with the physical characteristics in terms of color established by
resolution 2115 of 2007, where the color parameter showed a value of 5 UPC and a final turbidity of
3.90 NTU approaching the value acceptable by the standard. In this way, the objectives of the
practice were achieved.
Keywords: Gradient of speed, optimal times of coagulation and flocculation, optimal conditions of
the coagulant.
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UNIVERSIDAD DE LA COSTA, CUC
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
1 INTRODUCCIÓN
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UNIVERSIDAD DE LA COSTA, CUC
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
En alcalinidad, se vierten 25 ml en el
Erlenmeyer de 250 ml y se agregan 3 gotas
de reactivo indicador (fenolftaleína).
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UNIVERSIDAD DE LA COSTA, CUC
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
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UNIVERSIDAD DE LA COSTA, CUC
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
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UNIVERSIDAD DE LA COSTA, CUC
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
5. BIBLIOGRAFÍA
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UNIVERSIDAD DE LA COSTA, CUC
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
ANEXOS
Muestra de agua captada en el Río Magdalena, tomada aguas abajo, en la zona de las Flores,
específicamente cerca al restaurante El Proveedor.
Caracterización inicial
Velocidad del
equipo (r.p.m) 25 35 45 55 65 75 85
Gradiente de
velocidad s-1 28.28 42.42 56.56 70.71 84.85 98.99 113.
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Turbiedad 7,63 6,22 3,90 5,82 4,57 8,88
final(UNT)
Color final (UPC) 5 5 <5 <5 <5 <5
Fuente. Elaboración propia
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
Para la muestra del agua cruda, por medio de la anterior ecuación se obtienen los resultados de
alcalinidad respectivamente para la muestra 1, 2 y 3.
𝑚𝑔 3 ml ∗ 0.02 ∗ 50.000
𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3 = = 120 𝑚𝑔/𝑙
𝑙 25 𝑚𝑙
𝑚𝑔 2.5 ml ∗ 0.02 ∗ 50.000
𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3 = = 100 𝑚𝑔/𝑙
𝑙 25 𝑚𝑙
𝑚𝑔 2.1 ml ∗ 0.02 ∗ 50.000
𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3 = = 84 𝑚𝑔/𝑙
𝑙 25 𝑚𝑙
120+ 100+ 84
Promedio = = 101.33
3
Cálculos para color
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑎
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑟 = ∗ 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎
Para la muestra de agua cruda, por medio de la ecuación anterior se obtienen los resultados de
color respectivamente para la muestra 1,2 y 3.
80
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑟 = ∗ 40 = 160
20
80
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑟 = ∗ 40 = 160
20
80
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑟 = ∗ 40 = 160
20
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Revoluciones por minuto
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UNIVERSIDAD DE LA COSTA, CUC
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
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