GENERAL BIOLOGY 9.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the

(PART 2) kingdom Protista?
a. members can be photosynthetic
1. Unlike in an earthworm’s metanephridia, a mammalian b. members can be free-living
nephron: c. some members move via flagella
a. is intimately associated with a capillary network d. some members are shaped like rods and termed bacilli
b. forms urine by changing the composition of the fluid inside
the tubule. 10. Which enzyme digests disaccharides to monosaccharides?
c. filters blood instead of coelomic fluid. a. Lactase
d. functions in osmoregulation and excretion of nitrogenous b. Kinase
wastes. c. Zymogen
d. Lipase
2. When compared to a lung cell, a muscle cell would possess:
a. more mitochondria 11. How many different types of gametes would be produced
b. more rough endoplasmic reticulum by an organism of genotype AabbCcDD if all the genes were to
c. less mitochondria assort independently?
d. less rough endoplasmic reticulum a. 4
b. 6
3. This phylum includes insects: c. 8
a. Coelenterata c. Chordata d. 10
b. Annelida d. Arthropoda
12. Ribosomes function in clusters called
4. An organism has been found to have the following a. histones
characteristics: has cell wall, heterotrophic, and is aerobic. b. nucleoli
What is the possible identity of this organism? c. endoplasmic reticulum
a. a plant c. an animal d. polysomes
b. a virus d. a bacterium
13. The gene for color blindness is X-linked. If normal parents
5. If one parent is homozygous dominant and the other is have a color-blind son, what is the probability that he inherited
homozygous recessive, which of the following might appear in the gene for color blindness from his mother?
an F2 generation, but not in an F1 generation? a. 25%
I. Heterozygous genotype b. 50%
II. Dominant phenotype c. 75%
III. Recessive phenotype d. 100%

a. I only 14. Which of the following is a correct association?

b. II only a. Mitochondria: transport of materials from the nucleus to the
c. III only cytoplasm
d. I and II only b. Golgi apparatus: modification and glycosylation of proteins
c. Endoplasmic reticulum: selective barrier for the cell
6. Which of the following statements about oxidative d. Ribosomes: digestive enzymes most
phosphorylation is NOT correct?
a. it occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion 15. Spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ in that
b. it involves O2 as the final electron acceptor I. meiosis proceeds continually without pausing in
c. it produces 2 ATP’s for each FADH2 spermatogenesis, while oogenesis involves a meiotic pause
d. it can occur under anaerobic conditions II. spermatogenesis only occurs during puberty
III. spermatogenesis produces four haploid sperm cells from
7. A factor that tends to keep the gene pool constant is each diploid precursor cells from each diploid precursor cell,
I. non-random mating while oogenesis produces one egg cell and two or more polar
II. freedom to immigrate/emigrate bodies.
III. no net mutations a. I only
IV. large populations b. II only
c. III only
a. I and II only d. I and III only
b. III and IV only
c. I, III, and IV only 16. Which of the following foods contains the greatest amount
d. II, III, and IV only of energy per gram?
a. sugar
8. A person takes a large overdose of antacid. As a result, the b. starch
activity of which of the following enzymes would be most c. fat
affected? d. vitamins
a. Maltase
b. Lactase
c. Lipase
d. Pepsin
17. Which statement about human gamete production is Questions 25-29:
FALSE? a. Simple diffusion
a. In the testes, sperm develop in the seminiferous tubules. b. Nephridia
b. In the ovaries, eggs develop in the ovarian follicles. c. Malphigian tubules
c. Gametes arise via meiosis. d. Flame cells
d. The result of meiosis in females is the production of four
egg cells from each diploid precursor cell. 25. Grasshopper’s method of excretion
26. found in the simplest freshwater invertebrates, including
Questions 18-20 refer to the figure below. flatworms
27. Planaria’s method of excretion
28. Earthworm’s method of excretion
29. Protozoa’s method of excretion

Questions 30-34:
a. Binary fission
b. Budding
c. Vegetative propagation
d. Parthenogenesis

30. Reproduction of bacteria

31. Possible production of seedless fruit
32. Reproduction of yeast cells
18. Which structure attaches this organism to the cell surface? 33. Development of an egg without sperm
a. 1 34. An example is an underground stem with buds
b. 2
c. 3 A scientist was studying differential gene expression in a
d. 4 variety of tissues from the same organism. He investigated
eight different genes. The following chart describes which
19. Structure 1 can be made up of genes are turned on and producing their respective proteins in
I. DNA each of the different tissue types.
II. lipid
III. protein
a. I only
b. II only
c. I and III only
d. I, II, and III

20. Structure 2 can be made up of

I. DNA
II. RNA
III. Protein
a. I only
b. II only
c. I and III only
d. III only The chart will help you to answer question 35-38:

Each set of choices A-D below should be compared to 35. Which two cell types are the closest in the differentiation
the numbered statements that follow it. Choose the pathway?
lettered choice that best matches each numbered a. 1 and 2
statement. Fill in the correct oval on your answer b. 2 and 5
sheet. Remember that a choice may be used once, c. 3 and 4
more than once, or not at all in each set. d. 4 and 5

Questions 21-24: 36. Which two are the farthest apart in the differentiation
a. Simple reflex pathway?
b. Complex reflex a. 2 and 5
c. Fixed action patterns b. 2 and 3
d. Behavioral cycles c. 1 and 7
d. 5 and 7
21. Withdrawal response
22. Retrieval and maintenance of eggs of their species by 37. Gene 8 codes for a protein that digest fats. The cell type
female birds that expresses this gene is probably found in the
23. Simple response to simple stimuli a. gallbladder
24. Circadian rhythms b. stomach
c. liver
d. pancreas
38. Which is a housekeeping gene (a gene involved in protein 44. Which of the following will NOT be present in a molecule of
synthesis in the ribosome that all cells must express to messenger RNA?
survive)? a. Thymine
a. 1 b. Phosphate
b. 2 c. Adenine
c. 3 d. Ribose
d. 4
45. Which of the following enzymes is not necessary for the
Answer questions 39-41 based on the diagram below of a replication of DNA?
biochemical pathway. Arrows represent reactions catalysed by a. DNA polymerase
the indicated enxyme. Letters represent chemical compounds b. DNA ligase
consumed or produced during the reactions. c. DNA topoisomerase
d. DNA methytransferase

46. The cell cycle consists of four major phases: G1 (gap) S

(DNA synthesis) G2 (gap) M (mitosis). The yeast
mutation cdc8 blocks the cell-cycle transition from G2 phase
into M phase. If the DNA content of a normal haploid yeast cell
is N, what is the DNA content of a haploid cdc8 mutant
39. If the action of enzyme 1 is blocked with an inhibitor, blocked in G2 phase?
which of the following statements is NOT true about the effect a. N
on the pathway? b. 2N
a. Compound A will accumulate to a high level. c. 3N
b. Compound B will accumulate to a high level. d. 4N
c. Compound D will not be produced.
d. Compound E will not be produced. 47. A drug called Brefeldin A blocks transport from the
endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. If a cell that
40. If the action of enzyme 5 is blocked with an inhibitor, typically secretes enzyme X is treated with Brefeldin A, what
which of the following statements is TRUE about the effect on effect will be observed on the secretion of enzyme X?
the pathway? a. There will be no effect on secretion.
a. Compound A will accumulate to a high level. b. Secretion of enzyme X will increase.
b. Compound B will accumulate to a high level. c. Secretion of enzyme X will decrease.
c. Compound D will accumulate to a high level. d. Enzyme X will accumulate in the plasma membrane.
d. Compound E will not be produced.
48. The transport of which ions across the plasma membrane
41. If enzyme 3 can process compound C three times faster is important for the transmission of nerve impulses?
than enzyme 4 can process compound C, which of the a. Na+, K+
following statements is TRUE? b. Na+, Cl-
a. Compound C will accumulate three times as much as c. Mg2+, K+
compound E. d. Ca2+, Cl-
b. Compound C will be consumed three times faster than
compound B. 49. Compared to its energy content at rest, a vertebrate
c. Compound D will be consumed three times faster than muscle that has just undergone heavy exercise would have:
compound E. a. more ATP and more ADP
d. Compound D will accumulate three times as much as b. less ATP and more ADP
compound E. c. more ATP and less ADP
d. less ATP and less ADP
42. Which of the following structures is present in the nucleus
of a cell? 50. When compared to a lung cell, a muscle cell would
a. Mitochondrion possess:
b. Ribosome a. more mitochondria
c. Endoplasmic reticulum b. more rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. Chromatin c. less mitochondria
d. less rough endoplasmic reticulum
43. Fermentation may result in the production of
I. oxygen
II. carbon dioxide
III. lactate
IV. ethanol
a. I only
b. II and IV only
c. II and IV only
d. II, III, and IV only