Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Unlike MLA and APA citation styles, Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) 17th edition includes source citation in three
places: in-text citations, footnotes or endnotes (or parenthetical author-date references), and a bibliography (or
references page). The bolded methods above are the preferred ones for citation—see more information below.
• Chicago employs two systems of source citation (you only use one of the two):
o in-text notes, which link to either footnotes or endnotes, with a bibliography (preferred method)
o in-text parenthetical author-date references and a corresponding references page
• Notes:
o Footnotes appear at the foot of the page while endnotes appear at the end of the paper but before
the bibliography page. To help you decide between footnotes or endnotes, visit
http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/book/ed17/part3/ch14/psec044.html and
http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/book/ed17/part3/ch14/psec045.html.
o To insert notes, click the end of the sentence where you’ve included research after the period. Insert
footnote or endnote using the “Insert” function on Word.
o In the first footnote or endnote, include the full citation.
§ Format (for book): 1. Author first name last name, Book Title (city of publication: publisher,
year), page.
§ Example: 1. Zadie Smith, Swing Time (New York: Penguin Press, 2016), 315–16.
§ Format (for journal article): 2. Author first name last name, “Article Title,” Journal Name
Volume Number, Issue Number (month year): page number.
§ Example: 2. Susan Satterfield, “Livy and the Pax Deum,” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April
2016): 170.
o After giving complete information the first time you cite a work, shorten additional references. The
use of “ibid.” is now discouraged in favor of shortened citations according to chapter 14 of
the Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition.
§ Format (for book): 3. Author last name, Book Title, page number.
§ Example: 3. Smith, Swing Time, 320.
§ Format (for journal article): 4. Author last name, “Article Title,” page number(s).
§ Example: 4. Satterfield, “Livy,” 172–73.
Examples:
Book: Publisher,
Book title.
Website:
Yale University. “About Yale: Yale Facts.” Accessed May 1, 2018. https://www.yale.edu/about-yale/yale-facts.
URL.
Satterfield, Susan. “Livy and the Pax Deum.” Classical Philology , 111, no. 2 (April 2016): 165-76.
*Adapted from The Purdue Owl and the Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition