Cambridge International AS Level Chemistry Answers to end-of-chapter questions

Answers to EOCQs
Chapter 11 so lowers acidity of soil.  [1]
b Barium hydroxide is more soluble (in water)
1 a 1s2 2s2[2] than calcium hydroxide [1]
b 2Be + O2 → 2BeO [2] so produces a higher concentration of
[1 mark for correct symbols and formulae; hydroxide ions in solution (OH–(aq)).[1]
1 mark for balancing] Total = 5
2Ra + O2 → 2RaO [2] 3 If the oxidation number of an element
[1 mark for correct symbols and formulae; increases, it is oxidised in the reaction. If the
1 mark for balancing] oxidation number of an element decreases,
c before bonding: it is reduced in the reaction. Note: if the
oxidation number of an element increases and
decreases, it disproportionates in the reaction
Be O (see Chapter 12).
 [2] a Sr is oxidised, Cl is reduced [1]
[1 mark for Be; 1 mark for O] oxidation numbers:
after bonding: reactants: Sr 0; Cl 0 [1]
2+ 2– products: Sr +2; Cl –1 [1]
b Sr is oxidised, H is reduced [1]
Be O oxidation numbers:
reactants: Sr 0; H +1 [1]
products: Sr +2; H 0 [1]
no electrons in the outer shell of Be2+[1] c Mg is oxidised, C is reduced [1]
8 electrons in the outer shell of O2–[1] oxidation numbers:
the two dots distinguished from the crosses reactants: Mg 0; C +4 [1]
in O2–[1] products: Mg +2; C 0 [1]
d e
–
e
–
e
–
e
– Total = 9
2+ – 2+ – 2+ – 2+ –
e e e e
– – –
e e e
2+ – 2+ – 2+ –
e e e
– – – –
e e e e
2+ – 2+ – 2+ – 2+ –
e e e e
for layers of positive ions [1]
for 2+ ions [1]
–
for e present between ions [1]
e In radium, the charge density on the positive
ions is less than in beryllium; [1]
the attraction between the electrons and the
positively charged ions is less. [1]
The metallic bond in beryllium [1]
is stronger than in radium and therefore a
higher temperature is needed to melt it. [1]
Total = 18

2 a i Ca(OH)2[1]
ii It neutralises acids; [1]

Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry © Cambridge University Press 2014