Form 4: Chapter 10 (Solution of Triangles)

SPM Practice
Fully-Worked Solutions

Paper 2

1 (a) 1
= (10)(8) sin 112.41° +
B 2
1
= (15)(9) sin 93.56°
9 cm 2
30° 15 cm = 36.9792 + 67.3697
A C
= 104.35 cm2
10 cm 8 cm
D (b) ii(i) Based on ∆ ABC, since the length of BC
is shorter than the length of AC and
∠BAC is an acute non-included angle,
ii(i) Based on ∆ ABC, using the sine rule, the ambiguous case will occur.
sin ∠ABC sin 30°
= Another triangle (∆ ABC) that can be
15 9
sin 30° drawn is as shown below.
sin ∠ABC = × 15
9 B
sin ∠ABC = 0.83333
∠ABC = 56.44° 56.44°
B´ 56.44° 9 cm
9 cm
30°
i(ii) Based on ∆ ADC, using the cosine rule, A C
15 cm
152 = 102 + 82 – 2(10)(8)
cos ∠ADC
102 + 82 – 152 i(ii) ∠ABC = 180° – 56.44°
cos ∠ADC = = 123.56°
2(10)(8)
cos ∠ADC = –0.38125
∠ADC = 112.41°
2 (a) In ∆ PQR, using the cosine rule,
PR2 = 102 + 72 – 2(10)(7) cos 75°
(iii) Based on ∆ ABC, = 112.76533
∠ACB = 180° – 30° – 56.44° PR = 10.62 cm
= 93.56° (b) S

56.44°
9 cm
8 cm
93.56°
30° 15 cm
A C

10 cm 112.41° 8 cm 40º 10.62 cm

P R
D

Area of the quadrilateral ABCD 10 cm 7 cm

= Area of ∆ ADC + Area of ∆ ABC 75º

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 In ∆ PSR, using the sine rule, BD2 = 62 + 102 – 2(6)(10) cos 104.84°
(b)
sin ∠PSR sin 40° = 166.73448
=
10.62 8 BD = 12.91 cm
sin ∠PSR = 0.85330
(c) D
∠PSR = 58.57° or 121.43°
6 cm
45º
∠PS2R ∠PS1R C

12.91 cm
A
S2

58.57° 10 cm
A
8 cm
9.5 cm
S1
B
121.43°
40°
P
10.62 cm
R In ∆ ABD,
sin ∠A sin 45°
=
12.91 9.5
10 cm 7 cm sin 45°
sin ∠A = × 12.91
9.5
75°
sin ∠A = 0.96092
Q ∠A = 73.93°
First quadrant
∴∠DAB = 73.93°
(c) ii(i) The obtuse ∠PSR is represented by and ∠DAB = 180° – 73.93°
∠PS1R. = 106.07°
In ∆ PS1R,
Second quadrant
∠PRS1 = 180° – 40° – 121.43°
= 18.57° Thus, ∠ABD = 180° – 45° – ∠DAB
In ∆ PS1R, using the sine rule, = 180° – 45° – 73.93°
PS1 10.62 = 61.07°
=
sin 18.57° sin 121.43° Thus, ∠ABD = 180° – 45° – ∠DAB
10.62 = 180° – 45° – 106.07°
PS1 = × sin 18.57°
sin 121.43° = 28.93°
PS1 = 3.964 cm
i(ii) Area of quadrilateral PQRS
= Area of ∆ PQR + Area of ∆ PS1R 4 (a) ii(i) In ∆ ABC, using the cosine rule,
1 BC 2 = 162 + 72 – 2(16)(7) cos 55°
= × 10 × 7 × sin 75° + = 176.5189
2
1 BC = 176.5189
= × 3.964 × 10.62 × sin 40°
2 = 13.29 cm
= 47.34 cm2 i(ii) In ∆ CBD, using the sine rule,
sin ∠CBD sin 115°
=
5 13.29
3 (a) Area of ∆ DBC = 29 cm2 sin 115°
sin ∠CBD = ×5
1 13.29
× 6 × 10 × sin ∠DCB = 29 sin ∠CBD = 0.34097
2
sin ∠DCB = 0.96667 ∠CBD = 19.94°
Basic ∠ = 75.16°
∠DCB = 180° – 75.16°
= 104.84° (obtuse)

37
(b) ii(i) 5
S
C
45.06o
65°
cm

5
24 20 cm

cm
89.88o
R
115o D
T
25.12o
45.06o
cm
5
cm 33 Q
16 cm
C'
x
134.94o
45° 70°
P x V U
m
13.29 c

(a) ii(i) In ∆ RST, using the cosine rule,

RT 2 = 242 + 202 – 2(24)(20) cos 65°
55o 19.94o RT 2 = 570.2865
RT = 23.88 cm
A 7 cm B
i(ii) ∠SUP = 180° – 45° – 65°
i(ii) In ∆ BCD, = 70°
∠BCD = 180° – 115° – 19.94° In ∆ PSU, using the sine rule,
= 45.06° SU 57
=
In ∆ DCC, sin 45° sin 70°
∠DCC = ∠DCC 57
SU = × sin 45°
= 45.06° sin 70°
∴ ∠DCB =180° – 45.06° SU = 42.89 cm
= 134.94° ∴ TU = 42.89 – 20
In ∆ CBD, using the sine rule, = 22.89 cm
BD 5 1
= (b) Area of ∆ PVQ = × Area of ∆ RST
sin 134.94° sin 19.94° 2
1 1
BD =
5 × sin 134.94°
sin 19.94°

2 2 
= × × 24 × 20 × sin 65° 
BD = 10.38 cm = 108.7569 cm2
1 2
i ∴ Area of ∆ BCD x = 108.7569
2
1 x 2 = 217.5139
= × 5 × 10.38 × sin 25.12°
2 x = 14.75
= 11.02 cm2 PV = 14.75 cm

∠CDB = 180° – 19.94° – 134.94° = 25.12° (c) S'

P P' U'

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 6 (a) (i) Area of ΔABC = 112 cm2 7
A
1 × 18 × BC × sin 34° = 112
2 101°
BC = 22.25 cm 11.6 cm
(ii) Using the cosine rule,
AC2 = 182 + 22.252 – 2(18)(22.25) cos 34° B
34° C
D
AC = 12.45 cm
(iii) Using the sine rule,
17 cm 140° 9.2 cm
sin ∠ACB = sin 34°
18 12.45 E
∠ACB = 53.95° (a) (i) In ΔABC, using the sine rule,
(b) (i) A BC = 11.6
19.95° sin 101° sin 34°
BC = 11.6 × sin 101°
sin 34°
12.
cm

18 cm
BC = 20.36 cm
45
45

cm
12.

(ii) In ΔBED, using the cosine rule,
34° 126.05° 53.95° 53.95°
BD2 = 172 + 9.22 – 2(17)(9.2) cos 140°
B C
C
BD2 = 613.2587
(ii) Area of ΔABC′
BD = 24.76 cm
1 × 18 × 12.45 × sin 19.95°
∴ CD = BD – BC

2
= 24.76 – 20.36
= 38.23 cm2
= 4.40 cm
(iii) ∠ACB = 180° – 34° – 101°


= 45°

Area of ΔABC
1 (11.6)(20.36) sin 45°
2
= 83.50 cm2
(b) (i) A’

11° 90°

34° 45° 45°

C
B’ C’

(ii) ∠B′A′C′ = 101° – 90° = 11°

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