Working with Lyrics in

by André van Haren

 Copyright

Copyright © 2015 by André van Haren. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or
part of this publication without express written consent is strictly prohibited.

Most recent update: 12 May 2015

 Introduction

In this tutorial we will have a look at how to work with lyrics in Sibelius 6.2,
which is the last Sibelius 6 version.

Subjects in this Tutorial

We will have a look at syllables, melismas, dynamics, how to edit lyrics, 3
ways of bringing lyrics into Sibelius, verses & chorus, lyrics blocks, how to
share lyrics with different voices, recitativo and elision.

Modifier keys on Mac vs. Windows

All key commands using the "Command" Key (CMD) are for the Macintosh
keyboard. "Control" is the Windows modifier key which is the equivalent of
the Mac's "Command" modifier key.

Menu Commands
Often I will name a command in the menu with their full path, as for example
the “Layout/Align in a Row command”. Here I mean to choose the “Align in a
Row” command from the Layout menu. I find this a much easier way of
explaining which menu command to use than saying “go to the Layout menu
and choose the Align in a Row command”.

Keyboard Shortcuts
I suggest using the keyboard shortcuts as much as possible because this will
speed up your work a lot. This is especially true for the layout commands
Align in a Row and Align in a Column, two commands I use all the time.

A good way to memorize the keyboard shortcuts is by opening the menu for
the command when you need it, looking at the keyboard shortcut, closing the
menu again and use the keyboard shortcut instead. This way you will have
them memorized within no time.
 Services

Contact me at andrevanharen@gmail.com if you are looking for the following

services:

Turning your handwritten scores into a professional engraved score.

You will receive your score as a Sibelius file (version 7.5 or earlier) and a
PDF file that can be printed out. If the score contains more than one
instrument, you will receive a separate Sibelius file and a PDF file for every
instrument part.

Turning a CORRECTLY engraved Sibelius score into a professional

recording, using the EWQLSO sound library.
The Sibelius file will be delivered by you and should already be correctly
engraved. The recording will be mixed and mastered in Logic X as explained
in this guide.

Creating any kind of arrangement of existing music.

This can be a composition by yourself or another artist.

After the first email contact with your question, I will ask you to send me a
page or 2 of the score (preferred as a scan via email) so I can get an idea of
the complexity of the work and will give you a price indication for the full
job. Because it always takes some time to finish a work, the total amount of
the payment is payed in 2 parts: 50% at the start of the job and 50% after
finishing the job.

After full satisfactory from your side we will officially close the job. However
you have the right for two (2) free correction rounds. It’s always possible to
find little things that you missed before you officially closed the job, so this
will give you a chance to take those little errors out.
 Example Music used in this guide

The music examples in this guide are taken from the album “Indwellings”, 7
songs for voice and piano. The lyrics were written by Richard Schletty. For
more information about Richard, please visit his website at Sonority by
Richard Schletty.

Other guides by André van Haren available at Amazon.com

“Orchestrating piano music in Sibelius 7.5 with Ewqlso Gold”
“Creating Realistic Piano Recordings in Sibelius 7.5”
 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

1. Notating Syllables 7
2. Notating Melismas 9
3: Dynamics 12
4. Three ways to enter Lyrics 18
5. Editing Lyrics 22
6: Verse and Chorus 28
7: Block Lyrics 35
8: Sharing Lyrics Between Voices 39
9: Recitativo & Elision 40
About the Author 42
 André van Haren

1. Notating Syllables
Syllable and Hyphen
When it comes to lyrics in music notation there are a couple of words that
you have to know. The first one is “Syllable”: a single sound which can be one
word or part of a word.

For example, the word “Fame” is one syllable, “Ru-shing” has 2 syllables,
“Ac-quir-ing” has 3 syllables:

The second word is “Hyphen”. In the normal written word as well as in music
notation, every syllable is separated by a hyphen which is that little horizontal
line, for example: “o-pen”, or “ra-di-o.”

Entering a Syllable under a Note

• Select the note where you want the lyric to start
• Go into lyric enter mode, which can be done by going to Create/Text/
Lyric/Lyrics Line 1. or by using the keyboard shortcut CMD+L
• Type a single syllable, which can be a single syllable word or the first
part of a word that has more than one syllable
• Next, press the spacebar if you are going to start a new word under the
next note, or the hyphen-key if you are going to type the next syllable
in a word under the next note.

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Check Lyrics Hyphenation

Sibelius has a very handy plugin that suggests a hyphenation for singing:
• Select the text that you want to check
• From the Plugins/Proofreading Menu, choose Check Lyrics
Hyphenation:

In the window that opens, choose the options you want to use and click OK:

Note that there is a difference in how a word would be hyphenated in written

text and when used for singing.

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2. Notating Melismas
Melisma and Extender Line
The third word you need to know is “Melisma”: a single syllable which is
being sung under two or more notes.

In the example below, the last syllable in the word “albatross” (which has
three syllables) is sung under four notes:

The fourth word is “Extender Line” which is the long line at the end of the
word in the example above. The extender line is only used after a single
syllable word (or the last syllable of a word with more syllables) that is
notated as a melisma.

If you would like to use another syllable instead of the last one to be sung as a
melisma, you use the hyphen instead. In the example below, the second
syllable of the word is sung as a melisma:

Melismatic Slurs
As an official engraving rule and to make it easier to see how the word has to
be sung, melismatic sung notes are slurred under a single slur as shown in the
above examples.

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

Creating a Melisma
• Select the note where you want the lyric to start
• Go into lyric enter mode (CMD+L)
• Type a single syllable, which can be a single syllable word or the first
part of a word that has more than one syllable. From here you have two
choices to create the melisma:

1. Use the spacebar if this is a single syllable word or the last syllable in a
word, and keep on hitting space until you’ve created the extender line under
the notes you want to be sung on this syllable. Stop the line directly at the
right side of the last note.

2. Type a hyphen if this is not the last syllable of a word and keep on
hitting the hyphen-key until you created the hyphen-lines under the notes
you want to be sung on this syllable.

Note
• Punctuation as comma’s and periods come ALWAYS after the word
and NOT at the end of the extender line.
• The extender line ALWAYS ends at the right side of the note and
NOT at the end of the value of that note.

Correct: Wrong:

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Plugins
Sibelius has some great plugins to make working with lyrics easier:

• Add Slurs to Lyrics; which can be found in the Plugins/Text menu,

adds a slur to melismatic phrases:

• Traditional Lyrics Beaming; which can be found in the Plugins/Text

menu. Re-beams the notes in the way they were notated in the past,
with a single beam for every syllable and connected beams for
melismas:

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

3: Dynamics
To express dynamics in Sibelius, we use two kind of objects:
• expression text such as p, mf, ff
• and hairpins:

Expression Text Style

The expression text must be created with the Expression Text style. This
ensures that the dynamics on a vocal staff are always placed above the staff
and will be played back correctly:

• Select the note where you want the dynamic to be placed and hit CMD
+e on your keyboard; keep the CMD-key pressed down
• On the now flashing cursor (and while keeping the CMD-key down,
otherwise you will get normal text characters) type the dynamic you
need.

You can also first hit CMD+e without selecting a note, this will turn the
mouse pointer blue. While keeping the CMD-key down, click anywhere and
type the dynamic text.

Sometimes it’s not possible to create a dynamic by typing only, for example
“sfz”. In this case you need to choose it from the context- (mouse-) menu
which can be opened after hitting CMD+e on your keyboard.

Hairpins
To insert hairpins, select a note or region and then type h on your keyboard
(crescendo) or SHIFT+h (decrescendo). The hairpin will appear in the
proper location, above the selected note or region in the vocal staff:

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You can expand the hairpin’s duration by hitting the spacebar or decrease it
with Shift+Spacebar during entering or by dragging the handles on either
side afterwards:

Dynamics above the Staff

As mentioned before, when working with lyrics in a score, the dynamics are
positioned above the staff, this way they don’t get in the way of the lyrics. For
example:

Dynamic Position Settings

Now, why does Sibelius place dynamics on a vocal staff above the staff, but
on an instrumental staff below the staff?

You can find the settings for this behavior in two different places:
1) Edit Instruments and 2) Default Positions.

It’s good to know this in case things go wrong or you want to create your
own settings. First let’s look how this staff is named by opening the Add
Instruments window from the Create/Instruments menu:

As you can see the vocal staff in the current score is called Baritone. Now
let’s have a look at those two places where we can adjust its settings.

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1) Edit Instruments
From the House Style menu, choose Edit Instruments:

Choose your Vocal staff (in this score it’s the Baritone) from the “Instruments
in Family” column and click Edit Instrument:

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In the Notation Options panel we see that the Vocal staff checkbox is
checked, telling Sibelius that this staff has to been seen as a vocal staff and
not an instrumental staff:

Next, Sibelius needs to know where to place the dynamics (Expression text
and hairpins) on a vocal staff. This is done in Default Positions.

2) Default Positions
From the House Style menu, choose Default Positions:

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Expression Text
In the Default Positions window, choose the Text styles radio button and
select Expression from the left column:

In the Creating with Keyboard panel, the checkbox for “Different default
position on vocal staves” is selected. Below that, we read that the selected
object (Expression Text) will be placed 2 spaces above the top of the staff:

Sibelius’s default values are Ok to work with, but if you want the expression
text to be placed higher or lower above the vocal staff, all you have to do is
increase or decrease the value in the Score field.

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Hairpins
To see the default positions values for the hairpins, choose the Lines radio
button and choose Crescendo (or Diminuendo) from the left column:

In the Creating with Keyboard panel, the checkbox for “Different default
position on vocal staves” is selected. Below that, we read that the selected
object in the left column (Crescendo/Diminuendo hairpin) will be placed 1.5
spaces above the top of the staff:

Sibelius’s default values are Ok to work with, but if you want the crescendo
hairpin be placed higher or lower above the vocal staff, all you have to do is
increasing or decreasing the value in the Score field.

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

4. Three Ways To Enter Lyrics

Type - Copy & Paste - Import

1) Typing the Lyrics
There are three ways to bring lyrics into Sibelius. The most obvious way is to
type them into the score as described in chapter 1 and 2.

2a) Copy & Paste Lyrics from a Text Document

The second way is by copying the lyrics from a text document and paste them
into Sibelius. Sibelius will break down the words in syllables according to the
language that has been set in Preferences/Other:

• From a text document, copy a line of text (with or without hyphens)

• In Sibelius, select the note where you want the lyric to start
• Go into lyric enter mode (CMD+L)
• Use CMD+v to paste the text to one note at the time, creating single
syllables.

To create a melisma, use the hyphen-key when in the middle of a word and
the spacebar when at the last syllable of a word or with a one-syllable word to
create the Extender Line (as described in chapter 2).

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2b) Copy & Paste Lyrics within Sibelius

Copying lyrics from one part in the score to another works the same as
described above:

• Select the lyrics with the mouse and use the copy (CMD+c) command
• Select the note where you want the lyric to start
• Go into lyric enter mode (CMD+L)
• Use CMD+v to paste the text to one note at the time, creating single
syllables.

Instead of using the mouse for selecting the lyrics you can also use the Lyrics
Filter or the Select More command:

Select Lyrics with Lyrics Filter

Select the bars with the lyrics you want to copy and choose the Lyrics Filter
from the Edit/Filter menu:

Select Lyrics with Select More

Select a random lyric word in the system from which you want to copy all the
lyrics and choose the Select More command from the Edit/Select menu:

If the target notes have the same rhythm, first copy the lyrics as described
above, then select the first note and paste the lyrics directly with CMD+v.

As described above, to create a melisma, use the hyphen-key when in the

middle of a word and the spacebar when at the last syllable of a word or with
a one-syllable word to create the Extender Line.

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

3) Importing the Lyrics from a Text Document

For this to work you need to have the notes ready including the slurs over the
notes where the melismas have to go. Also, the text document that contains
the lyric text needs to be a plain text file.

• Select the bars where the text needs to go

• Choose Create/Text/Lyrics/From Text File from the menu
• From the Text file panel, browse to the text file:

• In the next panel, choose the lyrics’ Language:

The option below the Language menu, “Automatically syllabify ambiguous

words“, will will let Sibelius guess the best hyphenation of a word that can be
broken up in different ways; leave this option checked:

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 André van Haren

In the next panel you can choose to which lyric Line the text should be
pasted. In the example score there is no lyric yet, so we choose Lyrics line 1
from the menu:

The option below the Lyrics text style menu, “Use apostrophes to show
combined syllables” will combine more syllables into a single one if needed. I
prefer to leave this option checked:

• Click OK. Sibelius will insert all the lyrics and create melismas where
the notes were slurred:

If needed, Sibelius will ask you to choose how you would like to have a word
hyphenated:

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

5. Editing Lyrics
After having entered the lyrics, you sometimes need to edit them to correct
spelling mistakes, move a word/syllable or hyphen to a previous or next note
or to align them horizontally or vertically. All these things are easy to do.

Editing Lyrics
To edit the lyrics, double-click the word you want to edit or select it and hit
the Return key. Now you can edit them as you would in a word processor.
Use the arrow keys to move to a previous or next word.

Moving Lyrics to a Previous or Next Note

To move a word/syllable or a hyphen to the previous or next note, select
it and press the spacebar to go forwards or shift+spacebar to go backwards.

Moving & Aligning Horizontally

You can move lyrics by dragging it with the mouse or by selecting it and
using the arrow keys. However, keep in mind that Sibelius follows official
engraving rules and it’s better to let Sibelius do this for you.

One rule is that a syllable is always centered under the note and a melisma
is always left aligned with the note.

Melismatic:
The words “Love” and “game” are left aligned:

Syllabic:
Every word is centered:

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Overhanging Syllables
The most common reason to change a word’s position by hand is when a
syllable (which is always centered) hangs over the previous bar line because
it’s too long:

To let Sibelius fix this automatically, choose Note Spacing Rule from the
House-style menu:

In the Lyrics panel, uncheck “Allow first syllable to overhang bar line”:

Sometimes it’s necessary to reset these bars before you see the results, using
the Reset Note Position command from the Layout menu:

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

And in case you messed up the lyrics’ position after having dragged them
around too much, just selected these bars and choose Reset Note Position
from the Layout menu:

Align Lyrics Vertically

Most of the objects in Sibelius can be aligned vertically with the Layout/Align
in a Row command. This command will also align the lyrics in the selected
bars:

However, the best option to align lyrics is probably the Plug-ins/Text/Align

Lyrics Command, because it only affects the lyrics in the selected bars and
leaves the other elements alone:

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Middle Staff Line Notes Stem Direction

One last thing to mention is the stem direction of notes on the middle staff
line. Some publishers have it pointed upwards to avoid collision with the
lyrics:

However, I never run into problems when leaving it pointing downwards. As

you can see in the screenshot below, there is still space enough between the
stem and the lyrics:

When needed, I just flip the stem direction with the Edit/Flip Command
(keyboard shortcut: x):

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

Changing the default setting…

Sibelius can make your stem up or down notation choice on the middle staff
line a default setting, but it’s buried very deep inside Sibelius:

• Choose the HouseStyle/Edit Instrument Command:

• Choose your Vocal staff (in this score it’s the Baritone) from the
“Instruments in Family” column and click Edit Instrument:

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• In the Notation Options panel, click Edit Staff Type:

• In the Staff Type window, choose the Notes and Rests tab:

• And finally, in the Stem Lengths panel under “Stems on notes in a

single voice”, choose the direction for the stem on the middle staff line
you would like to use as default setting:

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

6: Verse And Chorus

Multiple Verses
A song can have more than a single verse as shown in the example below:

Creating a 2nd, 3rd etc verse is done the same way as when you enter a single
lyric line. However, this time you choose Lyrics line 2, Lyrics line 3 etc to
enter the Lyric Mode. This will place the new verse under the previous one as
shown above:

• Select the note where you want the lyric to start

• Choose the Lyrics line you need from the Create/Text/Lyrics menu:

• Enter the lyrics as described in the previous chapters

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Creating More Than 5 Verses

Sibelius comes with 5 lyric lines, but it’s easy to create more:

• Go to House style/Edit Text Styles and select one of the lyrics lines:

Click New, and answer Yes to the question that pops up:

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

In the Staff Text Style window, rename the line style and click OK:

Here is how it looks now if you would use all 6 lyrics lines. All the lyrics are
placed below each other, except the one we just made; no. 6. This is because
we made an exact copy of line 5, keeping the same vertical distance to the
staff.

Let’s give no. 6 its own vertical distance to the staff:

Default Positions
From the House Style menu, choose Default Positions:

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In the Default Positions window, choose the Text styles radio button and
select Lyrics Line 6 from the left column:

This is the new Lyrics Line we created earlier. To make it position itself
below the upper 5th lyrics Line, we have to change the “Vertical position
relative to staff” value:

To find the correct distance for the 6th line, have a look at the difference
between line no. 4 (11.5) and 5 (14), which is 2.5. Add this difference to line
no. 5 and you have the value for line no. 6, which is 16.5: Click OK.

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

Creating Verse Numbers

When using more than one verse, every line starts with a verse number:

It’s not possible to type a verse-number and then hit the spacebar to create
the space between the number and the 1st word, because the cursor will jump
to the next note. Instead, use alt+spacebar to create the space. This can be
done while typing the lyrics or afterwards when you edit the lyrics.

There is a handy plugin that can do it for you:

• Select the bar where you want the verse numbers to be added:

• and choose the Plugins/Text/Add Verse Numbers plugin:

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Melisma In One Of The Verses

If one of the verses has a melisma, we add a dashed slur over these notes.
This will make it clear for the singer that only some of the verses have to be
sung melismatic:

• Select the note where you want to start the slur and hit “L” to open the
Lines window. From the Staff Lines (left) column, choose the upper or
lower dashed slur:

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

Chorus Text
Chorus text is being created the same way as a Lyrics Line. The only
difference between them is that the chorus text style is in italic while lyrics
line is plain:

• Select the note where you want the chorus to start

• Go into lyric enter mode, by choosing Create/Text/Lyric/Lyrics
(Chorus):

• Enter the lyrics as described in the previous chapters

Creating More Chorus Lines

To create more Chorus Lines, follow the method at the beginning of this
chapter, where we created extra Lyrics Lines.

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7: Block Lyrics
Typing Block Lyrics
Extra verses of a song or hymn can be added at the end of a score as a block
of words, called block lyrics:

Block Lyrics On The Last Music Page

If the last music page has only 1 or 2 systems, you can place the Block Lyrics
below the last system, for example:

• From the Create menu choose Text/Other System Text/Block Lyrics:

• Click somewhere below the last system and start typing. You can drag
the text on its place later.

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

Block Lyrics On An Empty Page At The End Of The Score

First you need to create an empty page at the end of the score where you will
place the block lyrics, which can be done in two ways:

Creating An Empty Page (method 1)

• Select the Final Barline:

• Select the Layout/Break/Special Page Break command:

• Keep the settings as shown below and click OK:

• Click somewhere on the empty page and start typing. You can drag the
text on its place later.

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Creating An Empty Page (method 2)

I prefer this method when I need a single empty page, which is must faster:

• Select the last bar:

• In the Properties window/Bars panel, select “Special Page Break” from

the menu:

To add the block lyrics:

• From the Create menu choose Text/Blank Page Text/Block Lyrics on
blank page:

• Click somewhere on the empty page and start typing. You can drag the
text on its place later.

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 Working with Lyrics in Sibelius 6

Adding The Score Lyrics As Block Text

You can also add the lyrics that you used in the score, as block lyrics to the
end of the score. For this, you first need to extract the lyrics from the score
into a text document. After that it’s a matter of simple copy & paste.

• Choose the Plugins/Text/Export Lyrics plugin:

• In the Export Lyrics dialogue window, select the choices you need and
click OK. The “Separate Lines” option will place every sentence that
starts with a capital letter, and follows a period (.) in the previous
sentence, on a new line. It will give a much clearer text layout, so I
alway choose it in my own scores:

After hitting the OK button, the text file will be saved in the project folder.
Now you can copy & paste them as block lyrics in your score.

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8: Sharing Lyrics Between Voices

Lyrics Between Two Staves
A vocal notation that you can find a lot is where four parts are notated on two
staves instead of four, and instead of writing the lyrics below each voice, they
are written between the staves.

In this kind of notation, whenever there is a slight difference in rhythm

between the voices, melisma-slurs are used, and the syllables are placed in
between the notes instead of directly below to make this difference in rhythm
clear:

Same Lyrics, Different Rhythms In Voices

Another notation is where two vocal parts are notated on a single staff using
only one line of lyrics. A difference in rhythm in one of the voices is made
clear by notating those lyrics above the staff:

• To create lyrics above the staff, select the note where the lyrics have to
start, and choose “Create/Text/Lyrics/Lyrics above staff”:

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9: Recitative & Elision

Recitative: More Words On A Single Pitch
In operas, oratorios and cantatas you can find a singing style known as
recitative where words are not sung, but spoken on a single pitch:

To notate this in Sibelius, all you have to do, while in lyric-enter-mode, is

using the key-combination ALT+Spacebar instead of the spacebar to create
the space between the words. This will avoid the cursor from jumping to a
next note.

note: typing words and symbols using the ALT+… key combination, will not
show the result immediately correctly, they will though when you exit the
lyric-enter-mode.

• Select the note where the text has to start

• Go into lyric enter mode (CMD+L)
• Type the 1st word
• Type ALT+Spacebar (the space will not show yet)
• Type the next word (now you will see the space between the words)

To insert the hyphen-symbol between syllables, use the key-combination

ALT+hyphenkey:

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After exiting the lyric-enter-mode, the text will be shown as centered below
the note:

To correct this:
• Drag the text so it’s left aligned with the note:

• Select the bar and use the Layout/Reset Note Spacing menu command:

Elision: Combining Phrase Notes

An elision can be found in Italian and other languages where two syllables
overlapping each other.

In the example below, the “e” at the end of the word “Kyrie” and the “e” at
the start of the word “eleison” are connected by the elision symbol and
therefor should be sung as one syllable:

Ky – ri – e_e – lei – son

To create the elision symbol while entering the lyrics in the score, type the
underscore symbol on your keyboard:

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About the Author

About the Author

André van Haren was born in 1963 in Holland and currently lives in
Gothenburg, Sweden. He studied piano with Robert Groslot and composition
with Henk Alkema. In 1990 he received a Bachelor Degree in Music in
Classical Piano and Composition from the Conservatory in Utrecht, The
Netherlands. His main instrument is the piano. He has been composing and
arranging music for various ensembles including piano, choir, chamber
ensembles and orchestra for over sixteen years.

André van Haren can be found on:

Homepage - http://www.andrevanharen.com/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/andrevanharen
Macjams - http://www.macjams.com/artist/andreasvanharen
Lulu - http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/andrevanharen
Youtube - http://www.youtube.com/user/AndreasvanHaren
Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+Andr%C3%A9vanHaren/posts

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