ON
I. Man and His Family
1. NAME
What is your name? (How do
they call you? How is one to
call you?)
My name is —. (I am called —.)
I shall call you by your first
name.
My name is Edward, Ned for
short.
My maiden name is —.
What’s his nickname?
What’s the pet name of the
child?
How do you spell your name?I’m going to call you Bill for
short.
He goes by the name of Dicky.
I was called after my father.
Don’t call me Nell, it’s a liberty
I don’t allow.
The name he told me was quite
different.
Name your name.
What are the relations between
you and N.?
I am distantly related to her on
my mother’s side.
He is no relative of mine.
We are distantly related.
He (she) is my distant cousin.
He (she) is my remote kinsman.
2. AGE
How old are you? (What is your
age?)
I am sixteen (years old). I am
sixteen (years of age).
I am about twenty.
I am not twenty yet. (I am
still in my teens. I am under
twenty. I am on the right side
of twenty.)
I am over twenty. (I am on the
wrong side of twenty.)
I am well past twenty.
I will never see twenty again.
I am just out of my twenties.
I am twenty odd.
I am hard on thirty.
He cannot be a day over forty.
When were you born?I was born on the 15th of May,
1976.
| was born in the year nineteen
hundred and seventy-six.
When is your birthday?
I was 15 on Tuesday last week.
When is your name-day?
Are you of age?
No, I’m still under age.
Are you of military age (of the
call-up age)?
He is aging fast.
She is a marriageable girl.
They are all teen-agers.
He is in his manhood.
He is my senior (junior) by a
year.
They are exactly as old as each
other. (They are (of) the
same age.)
He is twice as old as I am.
They are all younger than he is.
He has grown old.
He has lived to a great age.
He is as old as the hills.
I should like to live to be old.
She’ll outlive anyone.
She is beginning to show her
years. (Her age is beginning
to tell on her.)
A man is as old as he feels
(looks).
He looks young for his age.
She looks her age.3. ORIGIN AND NATIONALITY
What country are you from?
(What country do you come
from? Where are you from?)
Where is your birthplace?
Where were you born?
I was born in N.
I belong here.
He is from (comes _ from)
France.
What is your nationality?
Where were you brought up
(raised)?
What are you by origin?
He is my countryman.
She is my countrywoman.
Are you Swedish?
No, I am not Swedish. I
come from Bulgaria, I am
a Bulgarian.
What is your native language?
My native language is Russian.
I speak Russian.
Do you speak the language of
this country?
4. APPEARANCE
What does he look like?
He is a handsome man.
She is lovely (lovely-looking).
She is beautiful.
She was decidedly pretty.
I have never seen a face half so
beautiful.
She is an attractive (a fetching)
girl.
She is a nice-looking (comely)
girl.Nearly all girls are good-
looking, some are pretty, a
few — a very few — are
beautiful.
She had a fascinating smile.
He was all smiles.
She was of fair complexion.
He had that order of nose which
people call “snub”.
You bear your age well.
Time stands still with you.
Yes, he can carry his years and
he is as young as he looks.
What’s the matter with you?
You don’t look yourself.
What makes you look so
wretched?
She contrasted him with her
friend.
She had a likeness to N.
There’s no family likeness at all
between you and her.
She is like her mother.
The child took after its mother
in appearance and character.
Is that a beauty-spot or a mole
(birth-mark) that you have
on your cheek?
Her mouth was strong and vivid.
He was not fat, but he was
exceedingly well-fed.
She had a queenly carriage.
I never met a fellow so strangely
constituted.
He is six feet five inches tall.
(He is six feet five.)She was a_ pleasant-looking
woman of about forty with
soft brown hair and dark
brown eyes.
She is a beauty with the kindest
eyes you have ever seen.
She had steel-coloured eyes.
She has rather dark brown hair
and good grey eyes.
His eyes were lost in a maze of
wrinkles.
Her eyes were large, brilliant
and black.
Face
Long, oval, round, square
Thin
Fleshy, puffy, wrinkled
Pasty, pimpled
Freckled, pock-marked
Swarthy, gaunt
Sunburned (tanned, browned)
Clean-shaven
Features
Chiselled, clean-cut
Delicate, forceful
Regular, irregular
Large (massive), small, stern
Smile
Charming
Engaging, happy
Pleasant, pleased
Sweet, broad
Cunning, faint, ironicalSad, strained
Wry, enigmatic
Winning
Complexion
Dark, fair
Sallow
Skin
Delicate, rough
Nose
Aquiline, flat
Hooked, snub
Fleshy
Lips
Full, thick, rosy
Painted
Parched, parted
To bite one’s lips
To compress one’s lips
To curl one’s lips
To purse one’s lips
Cheeks
Chubby (plump), hollow
(sunken)
Pale, pink
Rouged, ruddy
Stubby (unshaven), wrinkled
Dimples in one’s cheeks
Mouth
Firm, large (big), small
Stern, toothless, strong
VividFigure
Fat, paunchy, plump
Stout, well-fed, lathy
Lean (mostly about men),
slender
Slim (about a woman), slight
Neat (mostly about women)
Graceful
Stature
Diminutive, tall
Short, middle-sized
Hand
Calloused
Hairy, large, small
Puffy, soft
Legs
Long, short
Slender, shapely
Eyebrows
Arched, bushy
Pencilled, beetling
Shaggy
To knit (frown) one’s eyebrows
To raise one’s eyebrows
Forehead
Broad, doomed, high (tall)
Large (open), low
Narrow, retreating
Hair
Black, jet-blackDark, brown
Auburn, fair
Blond, golden, red
Reddish, grey
Grizzling (grizzled), ash-blonde
Crisp, waved, curled
Curly, lank (straight), thick
Abundant, scanty (thin), short
Sleek (smooth), silky
Luxuriant, rumpled, dishevelled
Long, dyed, bobbed (shingled)
Bald (bald-headed)
Braids (plaits)
A lock, a curl, a ringlet
A forelock
A brunette, a blond(e)
Teeth
Close-set, even, uneven
Large, small (tiny), sparse
A set of teeth
Jaw
Square, strong
Chin
Double, pointed
Protruding, round
Massive
Eyes
Kind (good), warm
Blue, brown
Dark, grey
Hazel, steel-greyBulging, close-set, deep-set,
sunken
Blue-eyed, cross-eyed
Eyelashes
Curving, straight, thick
5. CHARACTER
What is he like?
Give me a touch on_ his
character.
What sort of girl is Anne N.?
You have painted his character
in such bright (dark) colours
that —.
I can form no idea of his
character.
He is easily pleased.
He is generous and kind.
She is a meek and gentle
creature.
He is bright and good-tempered.
He is a warm-hearted and gen-
erous man.
He is of a somewhat romantic
nature.
He is very trustful and always
cheerful.
She is a lovely girl with a spirit
that is always bright and
happy.
He is always full of joy and
gaiety.
He is of a gentle (cheerful)
disposition.
She is a modest and virtuous
girl.
He is of a grave and serious
nature (turn of mind).
He is a man of character.
He is a man of no character.He is a cunning and dishonest
man.
She is young, rich and egoistic.
He is a double-faced scoundrel.
His morals are rather elastic.
(His conscience is elastic.)
He is a rather reserved and
bottled-up man.
He tries to pass for more than
he is worth.
He is a careless easy-going
fellow.
He takes things lightly.
She is a weak, characterless girl,
full of prejudices.
He is not of a forgiving nature
(temper).
He is the falsest man that I’ve
ever met.
He is the most shameless man
in the world.
What a hard-hearted thing you
are!
6. LANGUAGE
Are you good at languages?
I know three fairly well.
I have a good command of the
language.
I’m quite at home with my
English.
I have a working knowledge of
English.
They took me for an English-
man.You speak English clearly (flu-
ently, fairly well, abomina-
bly).
Your English has improved.
Your vocabulary is enormous.
He is very good at (talented for,
gifted for) languages. (He
is very quick at picking up
languages.)
My English needs brushing up.
My English is degrading.
My knowledge of the language
is very small.
He has a smattering of English.
He spoke in ruinous (broken)
English.
He speaks poor English. (His
English is poor.)
You speak with a very strong
accent.
I’m going to have a dig at En-
glish. (I want to take up
English.)
I took up English last year, but
I dropped it again.
I?ll have to learn it all over again.
Doesn’t your ear tell you
whether the sentence is right
or wrong?
Latin is a dead language.
These two languages are similar.
Don’t use strong language.
I won’t have any language here.
Isn’t it too slangy?
What is the English for —?He sprinkled his speech with
such words as —.
Where did you pick up that
word?
7. MARRIAGE
She (he) is married.
She (he) got married.
Whom is she (he) married to?
She married (is married to) a
worker.
They are engaged.
They are plighted lovers.
Bella takes me.
Do you see that young couple
over there? They are hus-
band and wife — a newly-
married couple.
Was it a love match?
It was a misalliance.
She married Dick for love.
It was a marriage of conveni-
ence.
The Smiths were married in a
religious rite.
We were married in a civil form
of marriage.
It was an illegal marriage.
Have you the marriage certifi-
cate (marriage lines)?
Were you at their wedding?
Show me your wedding-ring
(engagement-ring).
You carry marriage rather
lightly.
He was not of the marrying sort.
(He was not in the marrying
line.)8. FAMILY
The Smiths have adopted an
orphan.
The paternity of the child is
unknown.
They are twins (twin-brothers,
twin-sisters).
She is a widow (grass widow).
Her sister is a spinster.
She is an expectant mother.
He is a widower (bachelor).
He is a family man.
She has five children, each
smaller than the last.
There are five of them.
We descend from a_ peasant
family.
This is our rising generation.
He is a pet-model.
Look at those young toddlers
(tiny tots).
Members of the Family
Parents
Old folks at home (old folks)
A father, a mother
A son, a daughter
A senior son
A junior son
The eldest son (daughter)
The youngest son (daughter)
A full brother (sister)
An elder brother (sister)
The eldest brother (sister)
A younger brother (sister)
The youngest brother (sister)Ancestors
Grandparents
A grandfather (grandpapa,
grandpa, grand-dad)
A grandmother (grandmamma,
grandma, granny, grannie)
A great grandfather (-mother)
Descendants
Grandchildren
A great grandchild
A great grandson (a grand-
daughter)
Relatives
Have you any relation to them?
He (she) is my —
A first cousin
A second cousin
A father (mother)-in-law
An uncle (aunt)
A nephew (niece)
A son (daughter)-in-law
A sister-in-law
A step-father (-mother)
A step-child (stepson (-daugh-
ter)
A step-brother (-sister) (half-
brother (-sister)
A milk (foster) -brother (-sister)
A foster-father (-mother)
A foster-child
A godchild (godson, goddaugh-
ter)
A godfather (godmother)eo ,
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II. Meeting People
1. FORMS OF ADDRESS
I say!
Hey!
Hallo! (Hullo! Hello!)
Hallo, I say!
I say, young man!
Listen you!
You, there!
Just a moment, Tom!
Look (see) here, Tom!Look here now, Tom! (Now
look here, Tom!)
Tom, listen to me.
Tom! Listen!
You know what, Tom, let’s —.
I beg your pardon.
Excuse me, but —.
] tell you, Tom, you are —.
Young man!
Young lady!
Lady!
Madam (ma’am)!
Gentlemen!
Ladies and Gentlemen!
Gentle reader!
Dear listeners!
My dear! (Darling!)
My life!
My dear (good) fellow!
Old girl (boy, man)!
Old cock(chap)!
Mama (ma)
Papa (daddy, dad)
Auntie
Uncle
Granny
Mr. Smith (Mister)
Mrs. Smith (Mistress — his wife;
pronounced ['musiz])Miss Smith (his eldest daughter)
Miss Mary (Smith) (his younger
daughter)
Master Smith (his senior son)
Master Tom (Smith) (his junior
son)
You are Doctor N.?
Are you Doctor N.?
You, sir, I address myself to.
Now, are you attending me,
Tom?
And now, please, attend to me.
A. You were wishing to speak to
me, sir?
B. Yes, I was. Have I your
permission?
A. By all means.
2. SOME POSSIBLE ANSWERS
TO GREETING
I am quite well, thank you.
(Thank you, I am quite well.)
Quite well, thanks. (Very well.
Thank you. Quite well, I am
much obliged. I am all right,
thank you.)
Very pleased.
Lively.
Never better.
So-so. (From fair to middling.)
I am unwell.
Ever so glad to meet you!
M. Very glad to see you again,
Mr. N.
N. Thank you, sir.M. Oh, my dear, delighted to
see you again.
N. How do you do.
M. Morning, Tom!
T. How are you, father?
G. Good afternoon, cousin Al-
ice, Mrs. L., Mr. L.!
ALL. Good afternoon, George!
K. Good day, Alice. Good af-
ternoon, Mr. N.!
A. How do you do!
M. How do you do, everybody!
ALL. We are all right, thanks!
M. Good evening to you, Mary.
And good evening to you,
my little friend Tom!
T. Good evening, sir!
>
. Hello, Daddy. How are you
feeling on a fine morning like
this?
D. Terrible!
M. Hello, old man! How
goes it?
N. Quite well, thank you. How
are you?
M.I am pretty well, thanks.
How’s all the family? (How
are all at home?)
N. Thank you, all are well.
T. Why, hello, Bob!
B. Oh! How do you do, Tom!
M. Hello! It’s you!
N. Yes.
B. Hello, Tom!
T. Why, it’s you!
T. Hello, Huck!H. Hello, yourself!
L. Hello, you two! (Hello,
boys!)
BOTH. Tom Larkins! By gum!
It’s you, isn’t it?
L. My own self. (My very self.)
M. How are you?
N. Middling, and you?
M. Pretty well, thank you.
N. What have you been doing
with yourself?
M. Living.
K. How fares it?
P. There’s nothing particular
new under the sun. And how
goes the world with you?
K. I am toddling along as usual.
(Toddling along in the same
old way.)
N. Oh, what a lucky chance!
Don’t you recognize me?
M. Mister N., if I am_ not
mistaken?
N. No other.
P. Do you see much of Tom?
N. No, I haven’t seen much of
him of late. (I have seen little
of him lately.)
J. You wanted to see me, Tom?
T. That’s right, Jack. How are
things?
J. Not bad, could be worse.
(Couldn’t be worse.)
M. How’s life?
N. I’m in a hole.
B. How’s old socks?
P. Fair. How are you?
B. Fine.P. You remember Tom?
B. Perfectly. Fine fellow he
was.
I hardly ever see him.
I saw him but once.
He and I meet sometimes.
We seldom meet.
I have the pleasure of meeting
him sometimes.
3. REMARKS ABOUT
THE WEATHER
M. Morning!
N. Fine morning!
M. Oh, yes, it’s a mighty fine
morning.
K. Delightful morning, sir!
P. Heavenly!
A. Nice day today!
B. Yes, it’s a fine day!
A. Lovely weather today, isn’t
it?
M. Indeed it is.
K. Beastly weather we are hav-
ing, aren’t we?
P. Extremely rotten!
4. REMARKS ABOUT
THE APPEARANCE
B. Hello, Tom! You’re thinner.
T. Some.
B. Older, too. It’s only three
years, but you’re more than
three years older.
M. How’s your health?
N. I am alive.
A. My friend is well?B. In the best of health.
A. And how’s your wife?
B. Nicely, thank you.
K. Is your family doing well?
M. Nicely, thank you.
K. And how’s Dan?
M. Very low. (As fine as silk.)
B. You are so very much
changed. I hope you are
well, Mr. M.?
M. Right as a trivet, sir.
A. You look perfectly worn out.
Anything wrong with you?
B. Well, this hot weather has
been trying me.
5. WHEN PEOPLE MEET,
THEY MAY SAY:
You have changed a great deal.
You don’t look yourself.
How goes it? (How is every-
thing?)
What is the news?
Well, well. How are you
anyway?
Where in the world have you
been?
Why, where have you been hid-
ing all this time?
Well, Tom, what wind brings
you here?
By what chance?
Don’t you know us, Bob? This
is Tom L. and me, Jack N.
Where did you spring from?
I haven’t seen you for ages (for
years)!It’s refreshing to meet you, so
stale the world is.
What luck running into you!
(What a good thing I have
met you!)
What a lucky chance! (What a
piece of luck!)
Well, well, Tom! By God, it’s
good to see you again.
How in the world do you hap-
pen to be here?
You are the very man I wanted.
I extremely wished to meet with
you.
I am pleased to have met with
you.
You are the last person I was
ever expecting to see!
It’s ashame I haven’t seen more
of you these recent years.
Talk of the devil (and he is sure
to come)!
Never was more surprised in my
life.
6. ACQUAINTANCE
a) Introducing People
Vera, I want to introduce you.
(Allow me to introduce you.
Permit me to introduce you.)
I should like to introduce to you
Mr. N.
My sister, Ann.
Tom, this is Mr. N.
Mrs. B., may I introduce my
friend, Mr. N., to you?
This is Mr. N., and this is Mr. B.
Let me introduce myself. My
name is M.Possible Answers
I am (very) glad. (Pleased (very)
much.)
(I’m) pleased (glad) to meet
you.
I am happy to meet you.
I am pleased (happy) to make
your acquaintance.
Enchanted, Miss B.
It is a pleasure to make your
acquaintance, Mr. D.
I’ve been looking forward to
making your acquaintance,
Mr. D.
Some Examples
A. Vera, allow me to introduce
you. This is my old acquain-
tance, Mr. N.
V. Pleased (very) much.
M. Perhaps you will be good
enough to introduce me?
Of course. This is Mr. D.
Happy to make your ac-
quaintance, Mr. D.
I am very glad.
My sister, Ann.
Pleased to meet you, Miss
Ann.
. Tom, this is Mr. N.
. Sir, I am pleased to meet
you.
. How do you do, Tom.
ZOD Sn
Z2Z2 HRA
. Mrs. K., may I introduce my
friend, Mr. N., to you?
a
How do you do, Mr. N:!!
Glad to meet you.
How do you do, Mrs. K.
N. Let me introduce myself.
My name is N.
ZzM.I am happy to make your
acquaintance (to meet you).
N. Good morning, Miss M.
This is my mother. This is
Miss M., Mother dear.
M. Hello, Nancy. How are you,
Mrs. K.
K. Thank you. Miss M.
A. Do you know me?
B. I have not the pleasure, sir.
M. Mr. N., I presume?
N. The same at your service.
P. Is your name Smith?
S. That’s right.
K. Which of you is Mr. N.?
N. My name, sir.
A. I beg your pardon, aren’t you
Mr. N.?
N. I am, sir. (How do you come
to know me? How come you
know me? Who may you
be? I must ask you for your
name.)
b) Recognition
I seem to know your face.
I bet you I know your name.
] did see you sometime
(somewhere).
You bear resemblance to a
friend of mine.
I’ve heard about you from N.
I’ve heard of you through your
sister.
Your name has slipped my
mind.I’m afraid I don’t know your
name (who are you).
Your face seems familiar to me,
but I can’t recollect your
name.
My memory is at fault — please
remind me of yourself.
And how very defective my
memory becomes — I really
can’t recollect you.
I (mis)took you for Tom.
I knew him at once.
I know him by sight.
I know him by name.
Try as I would, yet I couldn’t
place him in my mind.
I couldn’t catch his name.
Doesn’t that name tell you
anything?
I’ve never laid eyes on him
before.
c) Degree of Acquaintance
I know him only by sight. (We
are only on bowing terms.
We are only on nodding
terms.)
Our acquaintance has been of
so short a duration that I —.
He has good (strong) connec-
tions (ties) there.
They are on good terms (on a
good footing together).
I get on with him all right.
They are on friendly terms.
They are on terms of intimacy.
We are tried friends.
Once they were sworn friends.
We are on speaking terms with
him.No, he is not a speaking ac-
quaintance of mine.
It’s the first time I’ve set eyes
on him.
A. Do you know him?
B. Rather. (I know him rather
(pretty) well.)
I once had a friendly feeling
towards her.
Ties of friendship bound them.
I still regard him kindly.
That’s all that I know about
him.
I have known her since she was
in petticoats.
He is a perfect stranger to me.
He is a particular Triend of mine.
1 know him slightly.
They are a common acquain-
tance of ours.
I have no idea who he is. (I do
not know him at all.)
Where did you strike up (make)
an acquaintance with him?
We are acquainted. (We know
each other.)
How long have you known his
sister?
I have known her for these two
years.
d) Breaking off an Acquaintance
We have broken off all relations
with N.
Our relations are rather strained.
I am out with him. (We are
on the outs.)
We are not on speaking terms
with him.I have parted company with
him. (I have dropped my ac-
quaintance with him.)
I wouldn’t say we are on bor-
rowing terms.
We were on bad terms with him
for a whole year.
7. VISIT
a) Invitation to Come
You’ve neglected us scan-
dalously. Why don’t you
drop in?
Drop in any time you please
(like). (Call on us any time
you feel like it.)
Just run in any time you wish.
Pop in to see us some day.
Turn in when you are free.
Do come over to us sometimes.
You’ll be welcomed no matter
when you come.
Bring your friend along with
you.
When may I expect you?
Will four o’clock suit you?
Well, come if you like.
I hate people who invite
themselves.
He always fishes for an
invitation.
Possible Answers
With pleasure.
Thank you.
Sure, sure!
Pll call around (drop in, pop in,
etc.) sometime.b) Bell
The bell rings.
Do you hear the bell?
Who knocks?
Who is there?
That’s me.
Admit them.
Walk in, please.
c) Receiving Guests
Visitors! I wonder who it can be?
Why, it’s Tom! I’m happy to
receive you.
Why, Ann, you! What a tum
you have given me!
You, Dick! Who would have
thought it?
It’s nice to have you here.
How good of you to have come.
Come in! Don’t stand upon
ceremony.
Come in, come in.
In with you.
Won’t you take off your coat
(things)?
Welcome to our little midst.
Most welcome to our home, my
dear fellow!
Three cheers for our visitor!
] was given a warm reception.
I received an open-armed
(open-hearted, hearty, cor-
dial, rousing) welcome.
Ask him into the dining-room.
Ladies first.
You first.
I was given the cold shoulder.
It was a strained cordiality.You are as welcome as a storm
in May. (You’ve come at an
ill time.)
I want to tell you that you are
not quite welcomed here any
more.
No, I no longer go there.
A. May I come in?
B. Oh, yes, you may. (Why,
yes!)
M. Is Mr. N. in?
K. He is. I'll tell him you are
here.
N. (Coming out) Oh, Mr. M:!
How good of you to have
come.
M. I’ve come by surprise.
N. You have come in good
time.
P. I’ve come just for a moment.
R. I, too, have little time to
spare.
d) At Home
May I offer you a chair? (Sit
down, please. Take a sit
(chair), please. Please be
seated. Have chairs.)
Make (feel) yourself at home.
Keep me company, please.
Remain half an hour more.
Stay as long as you like.
Pll stay if you will.
I have no intention of staying
long.
Ill lunch with you since you are
so pressing.A. Won’t you sit down? (Sit
down, won’t you?)
B. Thank you.
M. May I take this seat?
N. Why, of course!
K. Don’t take the trouble.
P. No trouble at all.
e) Leaving
I’m afraid we’ve outstayed your
welcome.
1 will not bother you with my
person any more.
Well, I mustn’t stay any longer.
It'll tire you too much. Good
afternoon.
I had better go home.
It must be late; I have to go.
I must be off.
] must rush.
It is time we were going.
It seems I have prolonged my
visit too much.
] will not trespass on your
leisure.
We do not want to wear out
your welcome.
] am sorry to have tired your
kindness.
Now, isn’t it time to part
company?
I must be getting along,
goodbye.
Cheerio!
See you soon (again).
Well, so long, old man.
Farewell, my own.All right then, good night, and
good luck.
I wish you all good night now.
I hope to meet you again.
I am not saying goodbye.
I shall not be long.
I hope J shall have the pleasure
to see you tomorrow.
(Give) my love to Ann. (Make
my compliment to Ann.)
Remember me to all at home.
I send you my love (in letters).
Give my compliments.
Remember me kindly (friendly)
to Tom.
Greetings to Dick.
My kindest regards to Hellen.
My service to your father.
He begs to be remembered.
God give you joy.
Won’t you kiss me goodbye?
It’s hard for me to part with
you.
Good luck!
I wish you the best of everything.
I wish you all the luck in the
world.
Let me hear from you.
We shall miss you badly.
I wish you a pleasant journey.
Am I never to see you again?
Unfortunately we can stay only
till 12 o’clock.
] thank you for your hospitality.I wouldn’t like you to leave us
soon.
Thank you for your visit; you
have cheered us up.
I am sorry that you are leaving
so early.
I have enjoyed your company
very much.
East or West, home is best.
(There is no place like
home.)
f) Seeing One Out
Allow me to see you out.
No, you needn’t show me out.
A. You mean to show me the
door?
V. Yes, the outside of it.
g) Not at Home
Would you like to come in?
Perhaps you will leave word?
Will you leave any message?
He is out.
He is out of town.
I am very sorry, but he has not
come yet.
He will be away all day.
He has gone away on a visit.
Wait a little bit (a while longer).
Sit down and wait, please.
He should be at home any
minute.
] expect them any minute now.
] am not at home to anybody.8. APPOINTMENT
When are we to meet?
Do you happen to be free this
evening?
Are you doing anything partic-
ular tonight?
Ring me up if you are free.
Shall I call for you or you will
call on me?
Are you quite sure you can
come?
Name the day (time).
Will that time suit you?
At what o’clock may I expect
you?
Up to what time will you be
engaged?
I'll call round at three.
At about six, let’s say.
Do try to come.
That’ll do nicely. You’ll find me
there exactly at 6 o’clock.
I’ll come without fail.
Why, sure thing I’ll be there.
So, it’s settled?
Then at 8.30 tonight.
He may come yet.
He is not likely to come.
I’m sick of waiting.
We can’t keep the world waiting!
Here you are at last!
How could you keep me waiting
so long?
Excuse me for being late.
I’m sorry, I’m afraid, I’m late.
Was I long in coming?
You thought I’d never turn up.It is lucky I’m not later than I
am.
Sorry to have kept you waiting.
I had no idea it would take me
so long to get here.
It’s the fault of the tram, you
know.
I hate being late.
] never like keeping people
waiting.
I’m rather in advance of (ahead
of) time. (I’ve come before
my time.)
We are late as it is.
Sorry, but I can’t stop now.
9. CONGRATULATIONS
What must one say in English
if he wants to congratulate
somebody on his birthday?
Many happy returns of the day.
(I wish you many happy re-
turns of the day.)
I wish you joy and happiness.
Happy birthday to you.
I wish you happiness from the
bottom of my heart.
A. Happy New Year!
B. The same to you.
I beg to congratulate you on —.
! congratulate you, sir.
Congratulations, Mr. N.
I am simply bursting to congrat-
ulate you.
He sends you his greetings.Greetings from my brother.
Congratulations came in from
all corners of the world.
I congratulate you with the
promotion.
On behalf of my friends.
On my behalf.
10. THANKS
Thank you (very much, so
much, ever so much).
Many thanks. (Thanks. Thanks
so much. Thanks a lot. My
sincere thanks.)
Thanks, very much indeed.
Thank you a thousand times. (A
thousand thanks.)
I thank you from the bottom of
my heart.
I got it. Thank you.
I got it thanks to you.
Very much obliged (to you).
So very obliging of you.
I can assure you, I’m most
grateful (to you).
Oh, my deep gratitude.
I have no words to express my
(deep) gratitude.
I’m terribly grateful.
How good (kind) it was of you.
I’m greatly indebted to you
for —.
It’s most thoughtful (of you).
Little thanks to you.
Your kindness is lost upon him.
Dear me, how very unkind of
you!
Thank you for nothing.Don’t try to thank me.
I am gratified.
A. I thank you, sir.
B. No, thank you.
M. Thank you for your help.
N. You are welcome.
G. Thank you.
T. Don’t mention it. (That’s
nothing. It’s a mere noth-
ing.)
11. APOLOGY
I beg your pardon. (Beg pardon.
Pardon me.)
(I am) sorry. (So sorry. Awfully
sorry.)
Excuse me!
I hope you don’t mind.
Don’t take it amiss, please.
Ten thousand pardons.
Excuse me, if you please.
Forgive me inquiring, but —.
Kindly excuse me.
Excuse my back.
Excuse my glove.
Will you let that be my excuse?
I must be excused from naming
him.
Sorry to trouble you.
I shall not trouble you any
longer.
Do excuse me. It has slipped my
memory that I had promised
you to —.Excuse my changing the subject.
Apologize for me, please. (Make
my excuse to them.)
You have not understood me
rightly.
Are you offended?
No offense (was meant).
My only excuse is that —.
Possible Answers
Oh, don’t worry, she has over-
looked that.
No need to take up excuses.
Don’t bother (trouble) about it.
It doesn’t matter.
It’s all right.
Not at all.
It’s not worth while speaking.
It is easy to forgive where there
is nothing to forgive.
That is not an excuse.
This is inexcusable.
Your excuse sounds hollow.
Your excuses are rather flat.
It’s a lame (thin) excuse.
I can’t forgive him this.
I demand satisfaction.
A. Oh, excuse me.
B. It’s all right.
M. Most awfully sorry, old boy.
N. Oh, that’s all right. (That’s
quite all right.)K. Pardon me for calling you up
so late.
P. That’s all right.
12. CONVERSATION
Is this clear?
Do you catch me?
Do you understand my meaning
(what I mean)?
Did you catch what I said?
I hope you get me right.
Don’t you see?
Do you see? (See?)
Do I speak plain enough to be
understood?
I don’t understand (get) you. (I
don’t see your point. I don’t
follow you.)
I cannot fathom his meaning. (I
cannot think what he means.
I fail to see his meaning.)
I cannot grasp your meaning.
It’s over my head (beyond
me; beyond my grasp; be-
yond my reach; past my
comprehension).
I don’t understand your drift.
Your point escapes me.
I have not the remotest idea.
I cannot for the life of me un-
derstand you.
It does not convey anything
to me.
] am at my wit’s ends.
He is slow of understanding.
I could not understand a single
word they said in reply.What are you driving at?
What do you mean (by that)?
What exactly do you mean?
It has just dawned upon me.
Everything is clear now.
I have been trying to make him
understand that —.
May I have a word with you?
Have you time for a little con-
versation (talk, chat)?
We must have a little talk.
1 am prepared to be a good
listener.
I am all ears.
Speak, I am listening.
Let’s cut (crack) a joke on him.
The joke fell flat.
Well, spin a yarn (coll.).
It was on the tip of my tongue
to say —.
But does it follow that —?
I think that I can safely say
that —.
Oh, talking about pictures, I —.
Speaking about music, have
you —?
To come back to what I was
saying I —.
But your talk reminds me of a
story about —.
Well, to resume —.
What I say is —.
By the way, have you heard —?
I can tell you the live fifth of the
story in two or three words.
It would take a week to say
everything I’ve been saving
to tell you.There seems to be so much I[
want to say, but I can’t find
the way to say it.
It seemed there was no end to
the topics we had discussed.
Let him have his way.
I don’t know how to put it.
I’m unable to express myself.
Words fail me.
It was a slip of the tongue.
Never mind.III. Education
1. ELEMENTARY
AND SECONDARY SCHOOL
a) General
What school do you go
to? (What school do you
attend?)
In what form are you?
I go to a day (evening) school.
He’ll be put (sent) to school
next year.
I’m going to put him to school
this year.I’m going to school this year.
He was admitted to school.
He no longer goes to school.
I have to withdraw the boy from
school.
He left school a year ago.
She is at a good school.
There is no vacancy for a pupil
now.
There’ll be no school today.
He goes to an elementary (pri-
mary) school.
School starts in September.
(We will begin school in
September.)
School breaks up in June.
His mother checked with the
tutor about her boy.
Our school days are over.
Headmaster (Principal), Head-
mistress
Schoolmaster, schoolmistress
Schoolfellow (schoolmate)
b) Classes
There goes the bell.
The bell has already gone.
The room is not aired.
Give me the register.
Let us call the roll.
Who is on duty?
Who is absent?
Children, rise as I call out your
names.You must promptly respond as
soon as your name is called
out.
Attendance is very bad today.
The attendance has fallen off.
Why were you absent from
classes on Saturday?
Why did you stay away from
classes (miss classes) on the
4th of April?
You haven’t attended classes for
a fortnight.
No, I was present at classes yes-
terday, ma’am! (Miss N.).
Your attendance today is
excused.
You have a lame (poor) excuse
for your absence yesterday.
Your excuse is, indeed, very
poor.
You are very insubordinate, Ed-
ward N. You come to classes
and absent yourself at will.
May I not come to the lessons
tomorrow, ma’am?
You may take the day off by all
means.
No, you can’t go, it is
schooltime now.
Why were you late?
Say, George, let’s cut the next
lesson.
Sit up properly, Nell K.
1 TIpuuatoe B AHIMM O*UUMaNbHOe O6f
opma — madam).Don’t loll, Edward N.
No prompting!
That’ll do.
Go on, please.
Pens down!
Put away your books.
Collect the copy-books, Ann P.,
please.
Raise (let down) your hand.
Don’t hurry. (Take your own
turn.)
The time’s up! Hand in your
papers, please.
We shall have a model lesson
today.
Now we shall have a lesson in
algebra instead of history.
We had geometry at the second
lesson.
In practical lessons we were
teamed up into groups of
three or four.
c) Behavior
You are very noisy.
Now, Edward N., you stop
turning around, will you?
Stop talking!
What are you munching there,
Tom?
What’s wrong (up, going on)
there?
Stop watching that fly, Tom,
and listen to what I say.
Give me those trinkets that
you’ve been jingling all this
time.
I’ll have to place you as far as
possible from the window,
Tom N.You are always the last to come
and the first to go, Tom N.
Are you done with talking,
Tom N.?
Keep your hands still, Tom N.
You must raise your hand when
you want to ask something.
d) At the Blackboard
Please come forward to the front
of the class.
Face the pupils, please.
Stand aside, please.
Where is the duster?
The duster is too wet (dry).
Use the duster, please, but not
your fingers.
Rub out the word to, please.
Clean the blackboard, please.
Divide the blackboard into two
parts, please.
e) Mistakes
That’s wrong (not right).
Not, quite so, you’ve omitted
the —.
You’ve made a mistake in the
word —.
Did she make any mistakes in
her reading (spelling)?
Say it correctly.
Did you understand what I said?
Is it clear now?
Did anyone notice a mistake?That’s a bad mistake.
Please repeat, ma’am, what you
said.
f) Encouraging and Punishing
a Pupil
Now, George, you are not trying
as you ought to.
Very good.
That is quite correct.
There, that’s it!
That’s it!
That’s better!
There’s no difficulty about that.
It’s high time you learned the
rule, George.
Use your brains, George.
Now, just think a little.
You are well prepared today.
Shame on you!
I will punish you for your dis-
obedience, George N.
You were reprimanded last
time, weren’t you?
You shall stay behind (af-
ter) classes and repeat your
lessons.
You have no patience with
grammar.
g) Reading
Open your books at page —.
Turn to page —.
Look at your book, Ann M.
Read on page —.Read that passage aloud.
Read to the bottom of the page
(to the end of the paragraph),
please.
Read up to the word —.
It’s your turn to read now,
Ann M.
Read louder, please.
Your reading is very poor
(good).
You stumbled twice in your
reading.
You skip words when you read.
h) Pronunciation. Spelling
You have a bad pronunciation.
There’s a flaw in your pronun-
ciation.
Your intonation is not quite
cofrect.
Say it again, will you? I can’t
quite catch the pronuncia-
tion.
You have a _ very distinct
pronunciation.
Pronounce it again, will you?
You mispronounced the word —.
You pronounced the word doc-
tor incorrectly.
Can you write it in phonetic
characters?
Where is the stress?
Which syllable is pronounced
more distinctly?
He pronounced the word doctor
with a roll to the r.How do you spell that word?
Spell the word exercise, please.
Your spelling is very bad.
How many n’s are there in the
word cannot?
i) Translation
How do you translate that word?
That can’t be translated word
for word.
There is no translation for that.
What is the English for —?
What does that word mean?
What is the meaning of the
word —?
That’s is short for That is.
Look up the word in the
dictionary.
Who can translate that word?
What is the translation of that
word?
Is that word in common use?
j) Writing
Write the sentence down in your
rough copy-book, please.
Where’s your clean copy?
For that blur in your copy-book
I will reduce the mark.
Who splashed the page with ink?
Cross out the letter 7.
You must cross the fs and dot
the 7s.k) Grammar
Is English grammar difficult
(easy)?
What rule in grammar are we
studying now?
Do you know what the noun
(gerund, etc.) is?
Who can ask a question on the
sentence?
Who can tell what kind of sen-
tence it is?
Write the plural of /ady, please.
How is the Present Perfect
Tense formed?
What pronouns do you know?
Name some pronouns.
Define the tense of the verb.
State whether the word in italics
is an adverb or an adjective.
Explain and illustrate the main
uses of the Present Perfect
Tense.
Give an example of the use of
the Present Perfect Tense.
What tense do we use to express
an action in the past?
Write two sentences using the
word fire as a noun and as a
verb.Construct (frame) a sentence
with the verb fo be.
Correct this sentence giving
your reasons.
Your grammar is poor.
I) Homework
Do exercises one and two on
page seventy-five.
You must learn the dialogue by
heart.
Is the homework clear?
Now, let us check up the exer-
cise we had for homework.
What was the homework for
today?
Do you know the lesson,
Tom N.?
Say your lesson, Tom N.
Can you say your lesson,
Ann K.?
Can you tell it from memory?
Your work is carelessly done,
Tom N., I will call on you
again tomorrow.
Rewrite the exercise, it is done
badly.
Please excuse me for not do-
ing my exercise. I felt unwell
yesterday.
I’ve got it by heart.
What lesson did the teacher set
for tomorrow?
It takes me an hour to do my
exercises.
He pores over his books day and
night.
The lesson is over.
Break!
No classes today.m) Mathematics
Are you good at sums?
Can you do sums?
Did you get that sum right?
Let’s do some sums.
How much does it come up to?
Mathematics doesn’t trouble me
at all.
It’s not so awfully easy as you
think.
That sum is a hard nut to crack.
I can’t make head or tail of this
sum.
What is the rule for addition?
Addition is a rule by which the
sum of two or more given
numbers may be obtained.
How much is 12 and (plus) 8?
12 and 8 are (are equal to, equal,
make) 20.
It is (equals, is equal to,
makes) 20.
Subtraction is a rule by which
the difference between two
given numbers may be ob-
tained.
Subtract (take) 8 from 15.
15 minus 8 leaves (is) 7.
We can’t take 8 from 5. (8 from
5 won’t go.)
Division is a rule for finding the
quotient (and remainder, if
there is any) when one given
number is to be divided by
another.12 divided by 4 is (gives) 3.
4 goes into 20 five times.
Divide 38 by 9.
It gives (comes up to) 4 and 2 in
the remainder (and 2 over).
7 into 32 is 4 and 4 in the
remainder (and 4 over).
Multiplication is an abbreviated
(shortened) form of addition
and consists in finding the
sum of a series of repetitions
of a given number.
6 multiplied by 5 is (makes) 30.
7 times 6 is (are) 42.
Fractions
The fraction contains one or
more parts of a unit.
There are:
roper fractions — 4.9.
Prop 5? 24’
. . 5 13
improper fractions — —; —;
4’ 8
. . 1
mixed fractions — ve 8s;
decimal fractions — 0.2; 2.4.
The numerator of vulgar frac-
tions is placed above the
line and expresses the num-
ber taken; the denominator
is placed below the line and
expresses the name and value
of the parts.
In a proper fraction the numer-
ator is always less then the
denominator.A mixed fraction consists of a
whole number and a proper
fraction.
The denominator in decimal
fractions is 10 or some power
of ten.
When we add or _ subtract
two or more vulgar frac-
tions, we generally reduce
them to a common denomi-
nator into which any of the
given denominators will di-
vide evenly.
1/2 — one half
2/3 — two thirds
5/7 — five sevenths
4 — four and one twentieth
0.5 — nought point five (0 [au]
point five)
.5 — point five
0.05 — nought point nought five
(0 [au] point o [au] five)
0.005 — nought point nought
nought five
3.05 — three point o [ay]
(nought) five
Brackets
Well, now, write down this sum
and do it:
Six plus square bracket, nine
minus, twelve minus eight
enclosed in parentheses,
multiplied by two; enclose in
a Square bracket.
6 + [9 — (12Doing |
Addit
471 9 plus 4 are 13, and 1 ar
+ 54 (transfer) 1; 1 plus 3 are
39 put down the 6 and can
564 is 564.
Subtra
6003 9 from 3 won’t go; borrow
~ 4879 9 from 13 leaves 4; carry |
1124 from nought won’t go; bo
the 1 over to the 8, maki
borrow 10; 9 from 10 lea
making it 5; 5 from 6 lea
is 1124.
Multipli
234 Begin with the units; 6 ti
56 carry 2; 6 times 3 is 18, a
1404 and carry 2; 6 times 2 is
1170 tens; 5 times 4 equals 2(
13104 2; 5 times 3 is 15, and 2
5 times 2 is 10, and 1 a
4; nought plus nought g
down 1] and carry 1; 1 ph
1. The product is 13104.
Divis
15 ] 1387 [ 92 15 into 13 won
135 9 times 15 are 1
37 down the 7; 151
30 30; 30 from 37
“7 the remainder 7.
Fract
First reduce the denom
multiplying 4 by 5; 4 tit
the denominator 4 gives 5;
of the first fraction and mt
divided by the denominatc
we] CO
+
oN
. 2
8 are 23. The answer is 30Consider these
(1) 6:5
(2) 6: (5
(3) 6:5
In (1), since there are no bi
multiplication affects only the num
Thus 6 : 2 = 6 x 2 and 6: 2x4
If we first multiply 2 by } and d
division sign affect both 2 and +. T
If two numbers are connected
regarded as a single number. Thus |
State the following in b
“Take any number, double it, su
by 3, subtract this result from 40
answer is the number with which y«
What is the difference between 3
The Multiplic
1x 1= 1 Once one is one.
1x 2= 2 Once two is two.
1 x 12 = 12 Once twelve is twel
2x 1= 2 Twice one is two.
2x 2= 4 Twice two is four.
2 x 12 = 24 Twice twelve is twe
3x 1= 3 Three times one (th
3x 2= 6 Three times two (th
3x 12= 36 Three times twelve
12x 1= 12 Twelve times one |
12 x 12 = 144 Twelve times twel
and forty-four.Mathematical Signs
+ Plus; a sign of addition
— Minus; a sign of subtraction
Plus or minus
x Times (by); a sign of multi-
plication
Decimal point
Divided by; a sign of divi-
sion
Is to; a ratio sign
Equals; is equal to
Not equal
Approximately equals
Greater than
Equal or greater than
Less than
Equal or less than
Infinity
V Square root of
w/ Cube root of
x nth root of
[] Brackets (square brackets)
*
BIA AIV VV &e@* il
() Parentheses (round brack-
ets)
{ } Braces
AB Length of line from A to B
|| Parallel
Z Angle
| Right angle
. Perpendicular
% Percent (per cent)
1 B poccuiickoM cTaHdapTe BMeCTO TOUKH
NATad, a BMECTO 3HaKOB < HM > HCMOJb3y10TC2. HIGHER SCHOOL
a) Studies
What Institute do you study at?
She is at the University and
is studying to become a
teacher.
He is a_ student of law
(medicine).
He studies for a degree.
I am fresh from school.
More than a thousand freshmen
arrive at the Institute every
year.
I got my higher education in
19—.
We all looked forward to the
studies at the University.
I am eager to resume my studies
as soon as possible.
We have two shifts at our
Institute.
The Institute is in session from
8.30 a.m. to 2.30 p.m.
We have a six-hour working day.
Three hours are assigned for
home work.
Our group happens to be made
up mostly of out-of-town
students.
b) Entering the Institute
I’m seeking admission to the
Institute this year. (I want to
enrol in the Institute.)
I was refused admission last
year.Where can I get acquainted with
the regulations of the en-
trance exams?
You will have to appear before
the reception committee.
For what department are you
going to take the entrance
exams?
He stands a good (poor) chance
of being accepted.
There’s going to be a stiff com-
petition this year.
The exams were stiff and
competitive.
Only the pick of the schools are
able to pass the exams.
This year the enrolment in our
Institute will be over 800.
Our Institute has a student body
of some 2,500 boys and girls.
The lists of the students admit-
ted are over there on the
notice-board.
Are you entered in the register?
(Is your name on the list?)
You have to apply to the dean
for lodgings.
I was referred to —.
c) Course. Subjects
He is a first-year student of the
History Faculty.
He is in his first year.
I’m a fresher (freshman).
He is a junior (senior) student.
I’m attending preparatory
courses.He is a postgraduate.
I’ve taken up a postgraduate
course (of study).
I’m interested in History.
I like the exact sciences.
What subjects are we going to
have in the coming year?
History is my favourite subject.
She never misses lectures on
that subject.
This subject is easy for him.
What are you doing in
grammar?
I find that descriptive appliances
(visual aids) are an excellent
help to both teachers and
students.
d) Lectures
The audience listened to the
professor with great interest.
He gave (delivered) a lecture
on —.
I attend a course of lectures
under professor N.
The lecture was dull and seemed
to drag on for hours.
He lectures from notes.
Do you take notes of the
lectures?
His speech (lecture) is indis-
tinct.
He simply carries away the
audiences.
He took (got, had) the floor.
I like the way he delivers
lectures.
His lecture is monotonous.It was a nice lecture, wasn’t it?
e) Graduation
In what year did you graduate?
In what year did you finish
(leave) school?
Will he be promoted to the next
course?
I shall graduate in a year’s time.
In two years I shall be an
architect.
Now I ama specialist in physics.
I am specialising in the teaching
of phonetics.
She graduated from the Institute
a year ago.
One by one we were called out
and handed our diplomas.
You will soon finish, Ann, and
we shall miss you.
We are so happy for your sake.
I made a speech of gratitude.
He took his degree last year.
He received the honorary degree
of Doctor of Medicine.
He gained a doctorate in
medicine.
f) Teacher
I am appointed assistant to pro-
fessor N.
Who is attached to our class?
He is my fellow-teacher (col-
league).
She lectures on history.I consider him a_ splendid
teacher (lecturer).
She stands high in their esteem.
He is a man of mark.
She is popular with her students.
He has a mind of wide scope.
I wouldn’t say he has a spacious
mind.
His mind is well stored with
knowledge.
The dean is a person of conse-
quence here.
g) Examination
Before the Exams
The exams are coming.
One can’t help being excited.
When are you going to sit for
your examinations?
How many exams do you have
(have you) this term?
When will you go in for your
second exam?
I am to take an exam in Litera-
ture tomorrow.
We shall have a test on preposi-
tions tomorrow.
I am reading up (studying) for
an examination now.
I was not permitted to enter
for my examinations because
I hadn’t passed my prelimi-
nary exam (credit test) in —.
In five days we will be in for our
final (state) exams.
During the Exams
Now, settle down to work.
Don’t you know that you were
to bring your examination
card?Hand over your crib, please.
It’s taking you so long to answer.
You are not answering the
question.
Your answer is wrong.
Don’t answer at random, think
first.
There are some weak points in
your answers.
You know nothing, positively
nothing.
Your answers are short of (be-
ing) satisfactory.
No need to go into details.
Are you sure of the answer?
Well, now, let’s tackle the next
question.
You have a ready tongue to any
question, I see.
I’m satisfied with your answer.
You have given a full answer to
the question.
Don’t you think I was clear in
my answers?
I have nothing more to say on
this.
I’m on the edge of knowing.
After the Exams
I have passed the exams.
I satisfied the examiner.
The professor was highly pleased
with my answers.
The results of his examinations
were striking.
The questions were rather
tough, I should say.
I felt somewhat tongue-tied.My tongue failed me.
I managed to scrape through the
first question.
I had it at my finger ends.
I had it on the tip of my tongue,
but —.
It was an easy task.
Did he examine you long?
The examination was soon over.
You did well in History.
I failed in English (at the En-
glish exam).
I am to be subjected to a second
examination.
h) Marks
I got (a) “two” for my home-
work (composition, dicta-
tion, efc.).
What is your mark in Geogra-
phy?
What mark did the teacher give
you in Philosophy?
I got (an) “excellent” ((a)
“good”, (a) “satisfactory”,
(a) “bad”) for it.
3. APTITUDE
He is at the top of the class. (He
is a top boy.)
He has no equal. (He has not
his match.)
Nobody can match him in
Physics. (He has a good head
for —. He is good at —. He is
well up in —. He has a good
command of —.)
He can sum up like winking.He learns with ease.
He is a clever (capable) boy.
He is very gifted.
He has a flash of wit.
He is quick.
He is the brainiest boy I’ve ever
met.
He’ll go a long way.
He’ll make good.
He is a rather promising pupil
(student).
Your boy is a credit to your
family.
His success in his studies is
remarkable.
He’ll distinguish himself some
day.
He is a youth of great promise.
He hungers for knowledge. (He
is thirsting for knowledge.)
He is simply born for that
profession.
Has he an inclination for (to)
anything?
Success went to his head.
4. INAPTITUDE
It’s amazing how stupid he is.
He is very dull (blunt).
He is good for nothing.
He is slow to learn.
I’m not good at —.
I’ve no head for —.
I’m not much of a scholar.
The lessons seemed so hard to
get into one’s head.It’s beyond me (my grasp).
(That beats me.)
You’ll never make a man of
him.
He is a very backward pupil.
He is lagging behind in —.
He has fallen behind a little
in —.
He is on bad terms (at odds,
disagrees) with —.
He is not much at home in the
art of spelling.
He often makes slips in his
grammar.
His spelling is shocking.
I couldn’t rub (hammer, cram)
it into his head.
His ignorance smote me with
shame.
The power of his ignorance is so
great that it astonishes me.
Can’t you ever learn the —?
Even the simplest things have to
be rubbed in.
5. MEMORY
I have a good memory.
My sight memory is rather good.
Keep (bear) me in memory.
Keep (bear, have) it in mind,
please.
That reminds me (puts me in
mind) of —.
Now that you have mentioned
it, I do remember.
I recall now that I —.
If my memory serves me right
(does not fail me) —.I have a dim (indistinct) recol-
lection of —.
It’s branded (stamped) in my
memory.
I shall not forget it in my
lifetime.
Oh, it’s such an _ unpleasant
memory.
He has left a sad memory
behind.
Don’t give yourself up to
memories.
In memory of N.
I have a bad (short, poor)
memory.
I can’t think of it at the moment.
I don’t seem to be able to recall
(remember) —.
My memory is a blank on the
subject.
All my memory of the past has
faded.
My memory is at fault again.
It has completely gone out of
(slipped) my mind.
Let’s wipe it out from our
memory.
6. BOOKS
Do you like to read books?
Did you like (enjoy) the book?
How did you enjoy the book?
Are you pleased with the book?
I like books. (J am fond of
books.)
I take a delight in books.
I am mad about books.
I am a lover of books (poetry).
I spend a great deal of money
on books.I am not much of a reader.
This book was a great delight
to me.
The novel is a great success.
It’s a ripping good story.
This novel is easy reading.
Here is a nice passage from the
book.
This is a very good translation
of —.
You will find the book a real
thriller.
The novel proved a failure.
That isn’t the kind of book I'd
recommend you to read.
This is far and away not the best
book.
It’s an empty book.
It is an indifferent novel.
This book is poor stuff (coll.).
This book bores me to distrac-
tion.
I don’t like these dime novels
(Am.).
I always first look at the table of
contents.
The bookmark has fallen out of
the book.
You’re a bookworm, indeed.
I read the book deep into the
night.
I read it from cover to cover.
I just dipped into the book.
I read it down to the last page.
I’ve been re-reading —.
She devours book after book.
I have read this book in the
original (in translation).
I am through with this book.Reading was a great resource in
my illness.
He skips as he reads.
I have read the book through.
I had to return the book unread.
This is the book I promised to
lend you.
I have many good books, come
and take your choice.
I am well-off for books.
I have quite a good collection of
books at home.
I am very particular to whom I
give my books.
This book is an original edition.
I have bought a complete edi-
tion (collection) of the works
by T.
This book ran into five editions.
This book is out of print.
The book hasn’t come out yet.
Here is a fine copy bound in
green with gilt edges.
The book is in good condition.
It’s a nice book with an illus-
trated cover.
I would ask you not to double
the pages.
The book is in such a disorderly
state.
Bookshop
Where is the section for books
on —?
What do you have on sale today?
Have you a book of English
idioms in stock?What have you to offer?
Have you got anything by
Dickens?
What books have you on
Pushkin?
Can I get it at the bookstall?
I can’t make my choice.
I’m sorry to say it isn’t out! yet.
Is this anything in your line?
We are expecting it every day.
We haven’t these books in stock
at present.
Here is a copy of Shakespeare’s
works.
Try the main shop, there may
be a chance of getting a copy
there.
Here is an edition in ten vol-
umes (a ten-volume edition).
This book is in great demand
now.
Of late there’s been such a heavy
demand for that book.
This book sells well. (This book
is a good seller.)
A book of reference (a reference
book)
An encyclopedia
A dictionary
A guide-book
A text-book (a handbook)
Children’s books
A story book for children
Fairytales
A book of tales
A picture book
An illustrated book
A pamphlet (booklet)
1 It isn’t out ynoTpe6AAeTCA TONDKO O KHUTA booklet
Classical literature
Modern literature
Technical literature
A pocket edition
In three volumes
A translation
A copy
A manuscript (Abbr. MS)
A writer, an author
To publish, to write, to compose
Memoirs
A poem, a rhyme
Poetry
A novel, a story, a narrative
(a tale)
An essay, a fable, a satire
A short story, a drama
A title, a preface, an introduc-
tion
A chapter, a text, a paragraph
A passage, an annotation,
contents
A cover, a bindingaS
To
IV. Work
1. GENERAL
What is your occupation?
What is your trade (profession)?
What is your regular business?
I work at (in) a factory (in an
office).
I work in the capacity of an
engineer.
I entered upon office a year ago.
Who is in charge of your
department?What office does Mr. N. hold?
Have you a big personnel
(staff)?
He is something in the Ministry.
Oh, he’s a big pot (cheese, shot,
wheel) (coll.).
He has been promoted.
He’s a place hunter.
He’s a job jumper.
What are your hours of attend-
ance?
From 9 till 5.
We have a seven-hour shift at
our work.
I’m on duty now.
I have a full (short, part) time
job.
I’m on full time. (I’m a full-
timer.)
I’m on half time. (I’m a half-
timer.)
I’m on half-pay.
I work by the day.
I’m on piece-work. (I’m paid by
the piece.)
Some business calls me to N.
I shall be commissioned to N.
I’m on leave now.
I want to get an extension of
leave of absence.
I’m on vacation now.
He is now vacationing in N.
I have this day off.
I’m on my sick-leave now.
What do you do at odd times?
When do you knock off work?
It’s time for a break.2. DISCHARGE
He has ceased working there.
I have no notion of resigning.
She was dismissed owing to re-
duction of staff.
He has had his notice.
He got the boot (sack). (coll.)
He was discharged (fired, layed
off).
It’s time for him to retire.
He was (got) pensioned off last
year.
3. OUT OF WORK
I’m out of work (job) now.
I’m looking (hunting, on the
look out) for a job.
Is there an opening (a vacancy)
for a fitter there?
The post is still open.
Have you taken up the job as a
turner?
Why don’t you send (put) in an
application?
4. ABILITY AND INABILITY.
BEING BUSY
He is a good (old) hand at (in)
that.
He is an experienced worker.
Let me try my hand at it.
He is a poor (bad) hand at this.
He is not equal to this task.I’m out of practice.
He always does it by halves.
He idled away the whole day.
He is an idler.
He shirks work.
He’s just killing the time.
And he wouldn’t stir a finger.
He works by fits and starts.
He is negligent of his duties.
I have pressing business.
Today I’m facing a busy day.
There’s heaps of work await-
ing me.
I’ve a number of things to do.
I have to wade through a pile of
copy-books.
He was up to the elbows (ears,
collar) in work when I came
to him.
I’ve had a very tiring day today.
5. EARNINGS
Your wages run from the Ist of
February
What is the. pay? (What are the
wages?)
Is it a well-paid job?
He gets (earns, makes) —
pounds a week.
Tomorrow is the pay-day.
Our wages were scaled down
(raised).
Have you got your travelling
expenses?
He is underpayed.
Do you earn your daily bread?
Yours is easy money.He lives in easy circumstances.
I feel secure about the future.
He lives above (beyond) his
means.
They live fast.
They live in plenty (well-off).
I always tuck a few roubles away.
They are well-to-do people.
He can’t make both ends meet.
I’m in reduced circumstances
now.
I wasn’t born in the lap of
luxury.
They always had to cut and
contrive.
They were in want of everything.
He has a large family to keep
(support).
Our wants are few.V. Health
1. YOU HAVE TO SEE
THE DOCTOR
I’ve got to go to the doctor.
You must go to the clinic at
once.
I’m going to see a doctor.
May I see Doctor N.?
Where can I see Doctor N.?
The doctor won’t see anybody
now.
Doctor N. is seeing patients in
Room 20.
Are you all waiting for Dr. N.?2. DIAGNOSING THE CASE
What do you complain of?
What’s wrong with you?
What’s troubling (bothering)
you? (What disturbs (ails)
you?)
What exactly is your trouble?
What’s the matter with you?
How long have you been ill?
How long has it been since you
began to feel bad?
Have you any pain in the back
of your head?
Have you any appetite?
Have you a bitter taste in your
mouth?
Sit quiet, please.
Breathe deeply.
Once more, and deeper.
Shut your eyes and put your feet
together.
Let me check your lungs (heart).
Bare your arm to the elbow,
please.
Can you bear a little more?
Calm down, please.
It’s all over now.
You have heart trouble, but in a
very mild form.
Oh, no, it’s only a mild case.
You have a murmur of the heart.
You have all the symptoms of
influenza.
Your tongue is (thickly) furred.
I think you’ve got the fever.
There is a little fever.
You are in a pretty bad state.You are run down.
How do you sleep?
Do you sleep well?
How long have you been this
way?
Does this often happen with
you?
Who treated you last time?
Where did you get that hoarse
throat?
Is it hard to swallow?
Have you any sensation of nau-
sea? (Do you feel nauseous?)
Have you been laid up with
anything serious lately?
Have you had any major
operations?
When did you have your tonsils
and adenoids removed?
Did you have any after-effects?
Undress (strip to the waist),
please.
You may dress now.
Let me see your tongue.
Now your heart.
I want to examine your heart.
Let me sound your chest
(lungs).
Nerves a little bit unstrung.
Shattered nerves.
No, this illness is not fatal at all.
It’s nothing but a cold.
There is nothing much wrong
with you.
She has lost consciousness.
Don’t worry, she’ll come to.
(She’ll come to herself
presently.)
You’ll be all right soon.
I don’t think your sickness will
last long.