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13. PROFIT, LOSS AND DISCOUNT


Max. Marks : 30 No. of Qs. 30 Time : 20 min. Date : ........./......../................

1. A shopkeeper bought 30 kg of wheat at the rate of ` 45 per 7. A man sells two watches for ` 99 each. On one he gained
kg. He sold forty per cent of the total quantity at the rate of 10% and on the other he lost 10%. His gain or loss per cent
` 50 per kg . Approximately, at what price per kg should he is ________ .
sell the remaining quantity to make 25 per cent overall profit? (a) 1% (b) 2% (c) 3%
(a) ` 54 (b) ` 52 (d) 4% (e) 7%
(c) ` 50 (d) ` 60 8. By selling goods for ` 153, a man loses 10%. For how much
(e) ` 56 should he sell them to gain 20%?
2. A man buys a single apple for ` 25. If he were to buy a dozen (a) 304 (b) 204 (c) 504
apples, he would have to pay a total amount of ` 250. What (d) 404 (e) 604
would be the approximate per cent discount he would get on 9. By selling goods for ` 240, a merchant gains 25%. How
buying a dozen apples ? much per cent would he gain by selling it for ` 216?
(a) 32 (b) 20 (c) 12 1 1
1
(d) 8 (e) 17 (a) 12 % (b) 13 % (c) 6 %
2 2 2
3. Manoj sold an article for ` 15000. Had he offered a discount
of 10% on the selling price, he would have earned a profit of 1 1
(d) 14 % (d) 17 %
8%. What is the cost price ? 2 2
(a) ` 12500 (b) ` 13500 (c) ` 12250 10. What profit per cent is made by selling an article at a certain
(d) ` 13250 (e) None of these price, if by selling at two-third of that price there would be a
4. Naresh purchased a TV set for ` 11250 after getting discount loss of 20%?
of 10% on the labelled price. He spent ` 150 on transport (a) 5% (b) 10% (c) 15%
and ` 800 on installation. At what price should it be sold so (d) 20% (e) None of these
that the profit earned would have been 15% if no discount 11. By selling oranges at 32 a rupee, a man loses 40%. How
was offered ? many a rupee must he sell to gain 20 p.c.?
(a) ` 12937.50 (b) ` 14030 (c) ` 13450 (a) 16 (b) 18 (c) 20
(d) ` 15467.50 (e) None of these (d) 25 (e) None of these
5. The profit earned after selling a wrist watch for ` 4080 is the 12. The cost price of 16 articles is equal to the selling price of
same as loss incurred after selling the same wrist watch for 12 articles. The gain or loss per cent is ________ .
` 3650. What is the cost price of the wrist watch ?
1 1 1
(a) ` 3785 (b) ` 3800 (c) ` 3775 (a) 13 % (b) 33 % (c) 15 %
(d) ` 3865 (e) None of these 3 3 2
6. The profit earned after selling an article for ` 996 is the same 1 1
(d) 11 % (e) 43 %
as loss incurred after selling the article for ` 894. What is the 2 2
cost price of the article ? 13. By selling 33 metres of cloth, I gain the selling price of 11
(a) ` 935 (b) ` 905 (c) ` 945 metres. The gain per cent is ________ .
(d) ` 975 (e) None of these (a) 20% (b) 22% (c) 48%
(d) 50% (e) 70%

1. a b c d e 2. a b c d e 3. a b c d e 4. a b c d e 5. a b c d e
RESPONSE 6. a b c d e 7. a b c d e 8. a b c d e 9. a b c d e 10. a b c d e
GRID 11. a b c d e 12. a b c d e 13. a b c d e 14. a b c d e 15. a b c d e

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14. 5% more is gained by selling a cow for ` 350 than by selling 24. A man sells an article at 5% profit. If he had bought it at 5%
it for ` 340. The cost price of the cow is ________ . less and sold it for ` 1 less, he would have gained 10%. Find
(a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 300 the cost price.
(d) 250 (e) 350 (a) 100 (b) 150 (c) 200
15. A man buys apples at a certain price per dozen and sells (d) 250 (e) 300
them at eight times that price per hundred. His gain or loss 25. A profit of 20% is made on goods when a discount of 10% is
per cent is ________. given on the marked price. What profit per cent will be made
(a) 4% (b) – 4% (c) 5% when a discount of 20% is given on the marked price?
(d) – 5% (e) 9% 2 2 1
(a) 6 % (b) 7 % (c) 3 %
16. A milkman buys some milk contained in 10 vessels of equal 3 3 4
size. If he sells his milk at ` 5 a litre, he loses ` 200; while 4 1
selling it at ` 6 a litre, he would gain ` 150 on the whole. Find (d) 7 % (e) 9 %
5 4
the number of litres contained in each cask. 26. A dealer sells a table for ` 400, making a profit of 25%. He
(a) 30 (b) 35 (c) 40 sells another table at a loss of 10%, and on the whole he
(d) 45 (e) 50 makes neither profit nor loss. What did the second table
17. A watch passes through three hands and each gains 25%. If cost him ?
the third sells it for ` 250, what did the first pay for it? (a) 700 (b) 800 (c) 900
(a) 128 (b) 130 (c) 145 (d) 950 (e) 1000
(d) 150 (e) 180 27. Each of the two horses is sold for ` 720. The first one is sold
1 at 25% profit and the other one at 25% loss. What is the %
18. If by selling an article for ` 60, a person loses of outlay
7 loss or gain in this deal ?
(cost), what would he have gained or lost per cent by selling (a) 7.25% (b) 6.25% (c) 8.5%
it for ` 77? (d) 9.25% (e) 10.25%
(a) 5% (b) 10% (c) 11% 28. Each of the two cars is sold at the same price. A profit of
(d) 15% (e) 25% 10% is made on the first and a loss of 7% is made on the
19. I sold a book at a profit of 7%. Had I sold it for ` 7.50 more, second. What is the combined loss or gain ?
22% would have been gained. Find the cost price. 150 160 180
(a) 25 (b) 30 (c) 50 (a) % (b) % (c) %
203 203 205
(d) 55 (e) 60
20. A reduction of 40 per cent in the price of bananas would 170
(d) % (e) None of these
enable a man to obtain 64 more for ` 40. What is the reduced 205
price per dozen ? 29. Profit earned by an organisation is distributed among officers
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 5 and clerks in the ratio of 5 : 3. If the number of officers is 45
(d) 4 (e) 8 and the number of clerks is 80 and the amount received by
3 each officer is `25,000, what was the total amount of profit
21. A man purchased an article at th of the list price and sold earned?
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at half more than the list price. What was his gain per cent ? (a) `22 lakh (b) `18.25 lakh
(a) 25% (b) 50% (c) 75% (c) `18 lakh (d) `3.25 lakh
(d) 100% (e) 150%
(e) None of these
22. I lose 9 per cent selling pencils at the rate of 15 a rupee. How
many for a rupee must I sell them to gain 5 per cent? 30. A shopkeeper labelled the price of his articles so as to earn
(a) 10 (b) 13 (c) 15 a profit of 30% on the cost price. He,then sold the articles by
(d) 18 (e) 20 offering a discount of 10% on the labelled price. What is the
23. Goods are sold so that when 4 per cent is taken off the list actual per cent profit earned in the deal?
price, a profit of 20% is made. How much per cent is the list (a) 18% (b) 15%
price more than the cost price ?
(a) 25% (b) 50% (c) 75% (c) 20% (d) Cannot be determined
(d) 100% (e) 150% (e) None of these

16. a b c d e 17. a b c d e 18. a b c d e 19. a b c d e 20. a b c d e


RESPONSE 21. a b c d e 22. a b c d e 23. a b c d e 24. a b c d e 25. a b c d e
GRID 26. a b c d e 27. a b c d e 28. a b c d e 29. a b c d e 30. a b c d e

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SOLUTIONS
1. (d) Cost price of 30 kg wheat = 30 × 45 = ` 1350
80 ´ 3
Cost price of 30 kg wheat + 25% profit = Selling Price \ Original SP = = ` 120
2
= 1350 × 1.25 = ` 1687.50
40% of 30 kg wheat = 30 × 0.40 = 12 kg 120 - 100
Selling price of 12 kg wheat = 12 × 50 = ` 600 \ % profit = × 100 = 20%
100
Remaining 18 kg wheat’s selling price
11. () He must have purchased less number of oranges for a rupee,
= 1687.50 – 600 = ` 1087.50
as he bears a loss. Therefore, no. of oranges purchased for a
1087.50 æ 60 ö
\ Selling price of 1 kg wheat = = ` 60 rupee = 32 ç ÷ . Now, to gain 20%, he must sell less
18 è 100 ø
2. (e) Cost of one apple = ` 25 number of oranges for a rupee. And that number is
\ Cost of 12 apples = 25 × 12 = ` 300 æ 60 ö æ 100 ö
Amount paid = ` 250 32 ç ÷ç ÷ = 16
è 100 ø è 120 ø
Discount = 300 – 250 = ` 50
12. (b) Suppose he invested ` 16 × 12.
50 ´ 100
% Discount = = 17% (approx.) 16 ´ 12
300 Then, CP of 1 article = ` = ` 12
16
3. (a) Suppose cost price = ` x
90% of 15000 = 108% of x 16 ´ 12
and SP of 1 article = ` = ` 16
12
90 108
15000 × = x´
100 100 16 - 12 100 1
\ % profit = ´ 100 = = 33 %
12 3 3
108
150 × 90 = x ´ 13. (d) Suppose the S.P. per metre = ` 1
100
Then, S.P. of 33 metres = ` 33
150 ´ 90 ´ 100 Profit = ` 11
x= = ` 12500
108 \ C.P. of 33 metres = 33 – 11 = ` 22
4. (b) Total cost price = 11250 + 150 + 800 = ` 12200 11
\ % Profit = ´ 100 = 50%
115 22
Selling price = 12200 × = ` 14030
100 14. (b) Difference in 5% profit = Diff. in ` 10 profit
10
4080 + 3650 7730 \ 100% = ´100 = ` 200
5. (d) Cost price of watch = = = 3865 5
2 2

996 + 894 1890 x 100 x 8x


6. (c) The cost price of an article = = = ` 945 15. (b) Let C.P.= ` =` per hundred and SP
2 2 dozen 12 hundred
7. (a) There is always a loss in such case and th e loss
100 x
(10)2 8x -
% % = 1% \ % profit = 12 ´ 100 = 96 x - 100 x × 100 × 12
100 100 x 12 ´ 100 x
æ 100 ö æ 120 ö 12
8. (b) By rule of fraction : 153 ç ÷ç ÷ = ` 204
è 90 ø è 100 ø ` = – 4%
16. (b) Suppose he has x litre of milk in total.
æ 100 ö
9. (a) CP = 240 ç ÷ = ` 192 Thus, we have 5x + 200 = 6x – 150
è 125 ø
or, x (6 – 5) = 200 + 150
216 - 192 25 1 \ x = 350 litres.
\ profit = ´ 100 = = 12 % \ each vessel contains = 35 litres
192 2 2
10. (d) Let the cost price be = ` 100. æ 100 ö æ 100 ö æ 100 ö
17. (a) First Purchased for 250 ç ÷ç ÷ç ÷
è 125 ø è 125 ø è 125 ø
2
rd of original SP = 100 – 20% of 100 = ` 80
3 æ 4öæ 4ö æ 4ö
= 250 ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ = ` 128
è 5øè 5ø è5ø

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Selling price 60 ´ 7 æ 100 ö 400


18. (b) Cost Price = = = ` 70 Therefore, marked price = ` 120 ç ÷= `
1 6 è 100 - 10 ø 3
1-
7 Now, selling price in the second case
400 æ 100 - 20 ö 320
77 - 70 = ç ÷ =`
\ % profit = ´ 100 = 10% 3 è 100 ø 3
70
320
7.5 ´100 7.5 ´ 100 Therefore, % profit = - 100 (Q CP = 100)
19. (c) Cost Price = = = ` 50 3
Difference in % profit 22 - 7
20 2
= =6 %
20. (a) He purchases 64 bananas more for 40% of ` 40 or, ` 16. 3 3
16 æ 25 ö
\ Reduced price per dozen = ´ 12 = ` 3 26. (b) Profit on the first table = 400 ç ÷ = ` 80
64 è 125 ø
21. (d) Let the listed price be = ` 100 Þ he loses ` 80 on the second table (Since there is neither
profit nor loss)
3 3
Then, CP = ´ 100 = ` 75 and SP = ´ 100 = ` 150
4 2 80
\ Cost price of second table = ´ 100 = ` 800
10
150 - 75
\ % profit = ´ 100 = 100% 27. (b) Total selling price of two horses = 2 × 720 = ` 1,440
75
100
The CP of first horse = 720 ´ = ` 576
æ 100 - 9 ö 125
22. (a) He purchased 15 ç ÷ for a rupee.
è 100 ø 100
The CP of second horse = 720 ´ = ` 960
75
æ 91 ö æ 100 ö
Now to gain 5%, he must sell 15 ç ÷ç ÷ = 13 for a Total CP of two horses = 576 + 960 = ` 1,536
è 100 ø è 105 ø
Therefore, loss = ` 1,536 – ` 1,440 = ` 96
rupee
23. (d) Let the CP be = ` 100 96 ´ 100
\ % loss = = 6.25%
Actual SP = 100 + 20% of 100 = ` 120 1536
28. (b) Shortcut :
100 120 ´ 100
\ Marked Price = 120 ´ = = `125 100(10 - 7) - 2 ´ 10 ´ 7 160
100 - 4 96 = % gain as the sign is+ve.
200 + 10 - 7 203
125 - 100
Marked Price is × 100 29. (d) Amount received by all the officers
96 = 45 × 25000 = 11,25,000
= 25% more than the cost price. 3
24. (c) Let cost price = x Amount received by each clerk = ´ 25000 = 15000
5
æ 95 ö æ 110 ö æ 105 ö Amount received by all the clerks = 80 × 15000 = 12,00,000
Then we have, x ç ÷ç ÷= xç ÷ -1
è 100 ø è 100 ø è 100 ø Total amount of profit earned = 11,25,000 + 12,00,000
= `23.25 lakh.
100 ´ 100 30. (e) Let the cost price of the articles be `100
or, x = ´ 200
105 ´ 100 - 95 ´ 100 Marked Price = `130
\ Cost price = ` 200 After giving a discount of 10% the selling price of the articles
25. (a) Suppose the cost price of the goods is ` 100. = 0.9 × 130 = 117

æ 120 ö (117 - 100)


Then, selling price in the first case = 100 ç ÷ = ` 120 So, actual profit per cent = ´ 100 = 17%
è 100 ø 100

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