Name Generic Therapeutic Class Dosage Indication Pharmacology Adverse Effects Patient Consultation

Respiratory Medications

used in nebulizer, store at room temp,

3 mL vial solution: relaxation of smooth muscle- use vials within two weeks of opening
Levalbuterol Antiasthmatic/ bronchospasm, dizziness, pharyngitis,
Xopenex 0.31 mg, 0.63 mg, beta-2 adrenergic receptor foil, shake canister, prime with 4
Hydrochloride Antihistamine asthma rhinitis
1.25 mg agonist, R-isomer of albuterol sprays, clean mouthpiece once a
week with warm water for 30 seconds
Leukotriene antagonist, binds to for chronic treatment and should be
4, 5 mg chew
Montelukast asthma, seasonal CysLt1 Rc to inhibit physiologic headache , influenza , taken regularly, granules directly in
Singulair Antiasthmatic tabs, 10 mg tab, 4
Sodium allergies action of LTD4, LTD4 receptor dyspepsia mouth or mixed with food, contains
mg gran
blocker phenylalanine
pharyngitis, nasal avoid contact with eyes; shake well;
Fluticasone Antiasthmatic/ asthma; form steroid complex to
Flovent 44, 110, 220 mcg congestions, upper follow inhaler instructions; benefits
Propionate Steroid COPD inhibit/stim mRNA transcription
respiratory tract infection seen after 2 days
MDI: 200 mcg; headache, asthenia, avoid eyes; use bronchodilatior prior;
form steroid receptor complex
Antiasthmatic/ Suspension: dyspepsia, oral avoid chicken pox/measles; don't use
Pulmicort Budesonide asthma to inhibit/stim mRNA
Steroid 025mg/2ml or 0.5 candiasis, arthralgia, with spacer; prime inhaler; follow
transcription
mg/2ml rhinitis inhalation instructions
smooth muscle relaxation,
Fluticasone
flutic-steroid (anti-inflam, rash, angioedema, not for immed relief of bronchospasm,
Proprionate, 100/50, 250/50,
Advair Antiasthmatic asthma, COPD immunosupp, antiprolif), upper respiratory tract know how to use diskus, avoid eyes, 2
Salmeterol 500/50
salmeterol-beta2 agonist infection days-4 weeks to see benefits
Xinafoate
(relaxes SM)
ipratropium- blocks ACh at
3 mg of Albuterol
Ipratropium PSNS sites in bronchial smooth chest pain; diarrhea; don’t take more freq than
& 0.5 mg of
DuoNeb Bromide & Albuterol Antiasthmatic COPD, asthma muscle --> bronchodilation; urinary tract infection; recommended; follow direction for
Ipratropium in 3
Sulfate albuterol- beta2 agonist pneumonia nebulizer
ml / vial
(relaxes smooth muscle)
shake thoroughly, enclose in mouth,
ipratropium- blocks ACh at
keep eyes closed, exhale deeply
Albuterol Sulfate 18 mcg of PSNS sites in bronchial smooth bronchitis, upper
Antiasthmatic/Bronc before inhaling, hold breath for few
Combivent and Ipratropium Ipratropium & 103 COPD, asthma muscle --> bronchodilation; respiratory tract
hodilator seconds; Repeat after 15 seconds;
Bromide mcg of Albuterol albuterol- beta2 agonist infection, headache
wash mouthpiece with hot water; use
(relaxes smooth muscle)
consistently
dry mouth; chest pain,
abdominal pain,
bronchospasm
Antiasthmatic/ antagonist of the action of ACh sinusitis, upper unused capsules should be used
Spiriva Tiotropium Bromide 18 mcg prophylaxis with
Bronchodilator at M3 Rc in smooth muscle respiratory tract within 2 days
COPD
infection, urinary tract
infection
 still debated, inhibits anxiety, insomnia,
asthma,
100, 200, 300, phosphodiesterase, relaxes seizures, headache, take on EMPTY stomach; avoid
Theo-24, Antiasthmatic/ bronchospasm
Theophylline 450 mg tab; 125, smooth muscle, reduces N/V, tachycardia, reflux xanthine-containing beverage;
Uniphyl Bronchodilator prophylax, COPD,
200, 300 mg cap response to allergens, (inc. gastric acid swallow whole
neonatal apnea
histamine secretion)
90 mcg/act; shake well, clean mouthpiece once a
asthma, beta-2 agonist (smooth muscle tremor, dizziness,
Proventil Albuterol Sulfate Antiasthmatic CFC-free 108 week, follow instructions, "rescue
bronchospasm relaxation) hypertension, palpitation
mcg/act inhaler"

Allergy Medications
12: 60 mg
fexofenadine- antagonizes H1
fexofenadine and fexofenadine- headache,
Rc in peripheral tissues
120 mg N/V, somnolence,
Fexofenadine HCl pseudoephedrine- alpha & take on EMPTY stomach, avoid OTC;
H1Antihistamine and pseudoephedrine; seasonal allergic infection
Allegra-D & Pseudoephedrine beta-adrenergic receptor don’t take sooner than 12 hours;
Decongestant 24: 180 mg rhinitis pseudoephedrine-
HCl agonist (relaxes smooth muscle matrix found in stool; drowsiness
fexofenadine and anxiety, palpitations,
in bronchi, increases HR &
240 mg insomnia
contractility)
pseudoephedrine
perennial and
12.5, 25, 50 mg drowsiness, rash, dry
Phenergan Promethazine HCl H1 Antihistamine seasonal allergies, H1 Rc antagonist may cause drowsiness, avoid alcohol,
tab mouth,
nausea, vomiting
seasonal allergic
5, 10 mg tab; 5, rhinitis, perennial somnolence,
Zyrtec Cetirizine HCl H1 Antihistamine 10 mg chew tab; allergic rhinitis, H1 Rc antagonist drowsiness, pharyngitis, may cause drowsiness, avoid alcohol,
syrup: 5 mg/ml chronic idiopathic diarrhea
urticaria
seasonal allergic
rhinitis, perennial rare: headache,
30, 60, 180 mg do not take sooner than every 12
Allegra Fexofenadine HCl H1 Antihistamine allergic rhinitis, H1 Rc antagonist drowsiness, throat
tab hours
chronic idiopathic irritation
urticaria
Mometason
Nasal allergic rhinitis, nasal anti-inflammatory, reduces headache, viral infection, shake well. benefits seen in few days,
Nasonex Furoate 50 mcg/spray
anti-inflammatory symptoms response to allergens pharyngitis clear nasal passages, use regularly
Monohydrate
shake well, clear nasal pasages, use
Fluticasone Nasal seasonal and reduce surface basophilic cells nasal burning, epistaxis,
Flonase 50 mcg/spray regularly, benefits seen in few days to
Propionate anti-inflammatory perennial rhinitis --> local anti-inflammatory effect blood in nasal mucus,
three weeks
 psuedoephedrine- stimulate
alpha-1-adrenergic Rc causing take w/food or milk if GI upset; take
80 mg HCl & 800 nasal congestion; nausea, cardiac
Guanifenex Pseudoephedrine Decongestant/ vasoconstriction few hrs before bedtime; tab may be
mg guaifenesin sinusitis, pharyngitis, palpitations, increased
PSE HCL & Guaifenesin Expectorant Guaifenesin- mucolytic, broken in half but can't be chewed or
tab bronchitis, asthma irritability, headache
decrease viscosity of phlegm by crushed
inc. resp. secretions
10 mg codeine & Guaifenesin- promotes lower drowsiness; avoid alcohol; tell dr. if
drowsiness,
Mytussin AC, Codeine Phosphate Antitussive/ 100 mg respiratory tract drainage; cough for more than a week than is
relief of cough constipation, nausea,
Robitussin AC & Guaifenesin Expectorant guanifenesin per Codeine- depress cough reflex accompanied by fever, rash or
vomiting
5ml center in medulla headache
30 mg Guaifenesin- promotes lower
Dextromethorphan-
Dextromethorphan Antitussive/ Dextromethorpha respiratory tract drainage;
Guaifenex DM relief of cough drowsiness; Guaifesin- tablets may be split in half
HBr/ Guaifenesin Expectorant n and 600 mg Dextromethorphan- depress
nausea
guaifenesin cough reflex center
swallow capsule whole; do NOT
anesthetizing stretch Rc in drowsiness, headache,
exceed dosage; contact dr if difficulty
Tessalon Benzonatate Antitussive 100, 200 mg cap cough respiratory and dampening pruritis, burning
breathing/swallowing; NOT for kids
activity to reduce cough reflex sensation in eyes
under 10

Cardiovascular Medications
hypotension, take with meals; notify dr for SOB,
Antiarrhythmic noncompetitive alpha- and cardiogenic, shock, wheezing, coughing, dark urine; don’t
Cordarone Amiodarone 200 mg tab ventricular fibrillation
(class III) beta- blocking activities caridac arrest, take OTC; avoid excessive sunlight;
bradycardia avoid grapefruit juice
avoid nonprescription, avoid salt
5, 10, 20, 40 mg hypertension, heart inhibits angiotensin converting angioedema, cough,
Accupril Quinapril HCl ACE Inhibitor substitutes, report facial swelling,
tab failure enzyme (ACE) fatigue
difficulty breathing, infection
Avoid nonprescription, avoid salt
hypertension; LV
substitutes, report facial swelling,
1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 dysfunction after MI; inhibits angiotensin converting angioedema, cough,
Altace Ramipril ACE Inhibitor difficulty breathing, infection;
mg tab reduce risk of MI, enzyme (ACE) fatigue
Sprinkled over soft food or swallowed
stroke, & death
whole
HTN, heart failure,
12.5, 25, 50, 100 LV dysfunction after inhibits angiotensin converting angioedema, cough, Avoid nonprescription, avoid salt
Capoten Captopril ACE Inhibitor
mg tab MI, diabetic enzyme (ACE) fatigue, hypotension substitutes, take on EMPTY stomach
nephropathy
avoid nonprescription, acoid salt
5, 10, 20, 40 mg inhibits angiotensin converting angioedema, cough,
Lotensin Benazepril HCl ACE Inhibitor hypertension substitutes, report any sign of facial
tab enzyme (ACE) fatigue
swelling
 don’t take antacids with 1-2 hrs; avoid
hypertension, heart inhibits angiotensin converting angioedema, cough,
Monopril Fosinopril Sodium ACE Inhibitor 10, 20, 40 mg tab salt substitutes; report facial swelling,
failure enzyme (ACE) fatigue, nausea,
difficulty breathing
2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg hypotension, CHF, avoid nonprescription, avoid salt
inhibits angiotensin converting NVD, orthostatic effects,
Vasotec Enalapril Maleate ACE Inhibitor tab; Inj: 1.25 mg in left ventricular substitutes, report neutropenia, inform
enzyme (ACE) fatigue
1 and 2 ml vial dysfunction dr of swelling
2,5, 5, 10, 20, 40 hypertension, CHF, inhibits angiotensin converting dizziness, headache, avoid nonprescription, avoid salt
Zestril Lisinopril ACE Inhibitor
mg tab MI enzyme (ACE) fatigue substitutes,
lisinopril- inhibits ACE dizziness, headache,
Lisinopril & 10/12.5, 20/12.5, take in early am, avoid excessive
Zestoretic Antihypertensive Hypertension hctz- inhibits Na reabsorption in fatigue, cough,
Hydrochlorothiazide 20/25 mg tab sunlight, avoid salt substitutes
distal tubules photosensitivity
Angiotensin II receptor dizziness, increased
hypertension, heart
Angiotensin II 40, 80, 160, 320 antagonist - decreases BUN, hyperkalemia, take without food, don’t use while
Diovan Valsartan failure, reduce CV
Antagonist mg tab aldosterone release, increased serum pregnany, dizziness for few days
mortality post-MI
vasoconstriction, etc. creatinine, headache
valsartan- dizziness,
80/12.5, 160/12.5, valsartan- blocks Angiotensin II
Valsartan & viral infection, fatigue take without food, don’t use while
Diovan- HCT Antihypertensive 160/25, 320/12.5, hypertension hctz- inhibits sodium
Hydrochlorothiazide hctz- photosensitivity, pregnany, dizziness for few days
320/25 mg reabsorption in distal tubules
hypokalemia
Angiotensin II receptor
upper respiratory tract
Angiotensin II 75, 150, 300 mg hypertension, antagonist - decreases discontinue if pregnant; may or may
Avapro Irbesartan infection, fatigue,
Antagonist tab diabetic nephropathy aldosterone release, not take with food
dyspepsia, hyperkalemia
vasoconstriction, etc.
dizziness, back pain,
bronchitis, increased
Angiotensin II receptor
CPK, hyperglycemia,
Olmesartan Angiotensin II antagonist - decreases may cause dizziness; discontinue if
Benicar 5, 20, 40 mg tab hypertension hypertriglyceridemia;
Medoxomil Antagonist aldosterone release, pregnant
upper respiratory
vasoconstriction, etc.
tract-inflamation/infectio
n
olmesartan- blocks Angiotensin mild: dizziness, upper
Olmesartan given in early AM, avoid excessive
20/12.5; 40/12.5; II hctz- inhibits respiratory tract
Benicar-HCT Medoxomil & Antihypertensive hypertension sunlight; may cause dizziness;
40/25 tab sodium reabsorption in distal infection, hyperuricemia,
Hydrochlorothiazide discontinue if pregnant
tubules nausea
Losartan Potassium losartan-blocks angiotensin II upper respiratory
50/12.5, 100/12.5, hypertension, reduce given in early AM, avoid excessive
Hyzaar and Antihypertensive hctz- inhibits sodium infection, cough,
100/25 tab risk of stroke sunlight
Hydrochlorothiazide reabsorption in distal tubules rhabdomyolosis (rare)
Angiotensin II receptor
hypertension, reduce upper respiratory tract
Angiotensin II 25, 50, 100 mg antagonist - decreases take without food, don’t use while
Cozaar Losartan Potassium risk of stroke, infection, diarrhea,
Antagonist tab aldosterone release, pregnany
diabetic nephropathy rhabodymyolysis (rare)
vasoconstriction, etc.
 angina pectoris,
CHF, perioperative
0.15, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6 hypertension, transient headache, sit while taking tablets, keep tablets in
mg sublingual pulmonary relaxation of smooth muscle, nausea, vomiting, original container, should taste bitter,
Nitrostat Nitroglycerin Antianginal
tablets; Injection: hypertension, reduces preload dizziness, flushing, dissolve under tongue, alcohol may
5 mg/ml induction of syncope, diaphoresis aggravate
intraoperative
hypotension
headache is sign of effectiveness,
Isosorbide 30, 60, 120 mg headache, dizziness, dizziness common when standing,
Imdur Antianginal angina pectoris smooth muscle relaxation
Mononitrate ER tab N/V avoid alcohol, swallow whole-do not
crush
1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5,
pulmonary embolism, antagonizes Vit K to decrease
6, 7.5, 10 mg tab; bleeding, fever, nausea, avoid alcohol, aspirin; do not
Coumadin Warfarin Sodium Anticoagulant atrial fibrillation, hepatic synthesis of coagulation
50 mg/vial, Inj: 2 diarrhea discontinue therapy
venous thrombosis factors II, VII, IX, & X
mg
hypercholesterolemia do not take within 2 hrs before or 4
inhibits cholesterol absorption in myalgia, increased CPK,
Zetia Ezetimibe Antihyperlipidemic 10 mg tab , hrs after bile acid sequestrant, contact
brush border of small intestine thrombocytopenia
hyperlipoproteinemia dr if myopathy
secondary
prevention of CV
events in patients
with CHD, reduce constipation, dyspepsia, avoid excessive sunlight, avoid >1
5, 10, 20, 40, 80
Zocor Simvastatin Antihyperlipidemic morbidity and inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase increased CPK, myalgia qt/day grapefruit juice, avoid
mg tab
mortality, reduce risk & myopathy pregnancy, take with evening meal
of stroke and MI,
hyperlipidemia,
hypertriglyceridemia
inceased CPK,
hypercholesterolemia take with evening meal, avoid >1 qt
constipation, dyspepsia,
, primary prevention grapefruit juice/day, avoid excessive
Mevacor Lovastatin Antihyperlipidemic 10, 20, 40 mg tab inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase diarrhea, abdominal
of CAD, slow sunlight, report muscle pain, limit
cramps, myalgia,
progression of CAD alcohol
rhabdomyolysis
hypercholesterolemia
headache, chest pain,
, avoid overexposure to sunlight, limit
constipation, dyspepsia,
Atorvastatin 10, 20, 40, 80 mg hypertriglyceridemia, alcohol, avoid >1 qt/day grapefruit
Lipitor Antihyperlipidemic inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase flatulence, inc.
Calcium tab prevention of CVD juice, may take without regard to time
transaminases,
(reduce risk of of day
arthralgia/myalgia
stroke/MI)
decrease triglycerides and dyspepsia, abdominal contact dr for myositis; dizziness; take
Lopid Gemfibrozil Antihyperlipidemic 600 mg hypertriglyceridemia
VLDL, increase HDL pain, diarrhea, fatigue 30 min before breakfast and dinner
 hypercholesterolemia
,
myalgia, rash, contact dr if myopathy occur, limit
10, 20, 40, 80 mg hypertriglyceridemia,
Pravachol Pravastatin Sodium Antihyperlipidemic inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase headache, flu, increased alcohol, avoid pregnancy, may take
tab prevention of CVD
transaminases without regard to time of day
(reduce risk of
stroke/MI)
hypercholesterolemia ezetimibe-inhibit intestinal headache, upper
10/10, 10/20, avoid >1 qt/day grapefruit juice, avoid
Ezetimibe & , absorption of cholesterol; respiratory tract
Vytorin Antihyperlipidemic 10/40, 10/80 mg excessive sunlight, limit alcohol, avoid
Simvastatin hyperlipoproteinemia simvastatin- inhibitor of infection, influenza,
tab pregnancy, take in evening
, reduce LDL HMG-CoA reductase myalgia
increased LFTs,
activate lipoprotein lipase & increased CPK, back
48 and 145 mg hypertriglyceridemia, follow prescribed diet, call dr if muscle
Tricor Fenofibrate Antihyperlipidemic reducing apoCIII --> decreases pain, respiratory
tab hyperlipoproteinemia pain occurs
TG disorder, headache,
abdominal pain
hypercholesterolemia contact dr if myopathy occur, follow
myalgia, constipation,
Rosuvastatin 5, 10, 20, 40 mg , diet, limit alcohol, avoid pregnancy,
Crestor Antihyperlipidemic inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase abdominal pain,
Calcium tab hyperlipoproteinemia Asians predisposed to myopathy
increased ALT
, hypertriglyceridemia (lower starting dose)
dizziness, headache,
take first dose at bedtime to avoid
Antihypertensive/ hypertension,benign competitive blocks alpha-1 weakness, palpitations,
Hytrin Terazosin HCL 1, 2, 5, 10 mg cap syncope; if discontined for several
BPH Treatment prostatic hyperplasia adrenergic Rc orthostasis, nasal
days, start with initial dose therapy
congestion
HTN: alpha-1 adrenergic
receptor antagonist (causes take first dose at bedtime to avoid
dizziness, edema,
Cardura & Doxazosin 1, 2, 4, 8 mg tab; hypertension, benign vasodilation) syncope; do not discontinue; rise from
Antihypertensive fatigue, orthostasis,
Cardura XL Mesylate 4, 8 mg ER tab prostatic hyperplasia BPH: inhibits alpha receptor sitting/lying position carefully; take XL
sexual dysfunction
causing decrease in SNS tone with breakfast
and urethral relaxation
stimulate alpha-adrenergic
0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg dry mouth, drowsiness, may cause drowsiness, change
Catapres & receptor in medulla which
Clonidine HCl Antihypertensive tab; transdermal Hypertension dizziness, headache, transdermal sites, replace patch every
Catapres TTS decreases SNS outflow. alpha-2
patch TTS 1, 2, 3 constipation week
agonist
bisoprolol- beta-1 selective
Bisoprolol may cause dizziness, avoid abrupt
2.5/6.25, 5/6.25, adrenergic blocker. hctz- fatigue, headache,
Ziac Fumarate & Antihypertensive Hypertension withdrawal, avoid excessive sunlight,
10/6.25mg tab inhibits sodium reabsorption in dizziness
Hydrochlorothiazide take in AM
distal tubules
dizziness,
hypertension, mild to take with food, contact lens may
non-selective beta-blocker and hyperglycemia,
3.125, 6.25, 12.5, moderate heart experience decreased lacrimation,
Coreg Carvedilol Beta-blocker alpha-1 receptor blocker, may bradycardia,
25 mg tab failure, left ventricular masks hypoglycemia, may cause
suppress renin production hypotension, sexual
dysfunction after MI drowsiness
dysfunction
 hypertension, dizziness, fatigue,
10, 20, 40, 60, 80
arrhythmias (class bradycardia,
Inderal & mg tab; 60, 80, non-selective beta receptor may cause drowsiness, mask
Propranolol HCl Beta-blocker II), angina, MI, bronchospasm, sexual
Inderal LA 120, 180 mg cap; blocker hypoglycemia
migraine, essential dysfunction, dry eyes,
inj: 1mg/ml
tremors hyperlipidemia
dizziness, fatigue,
hypertension, angina
25, 50, 100 mg bradycardia, may cause drowsiness, mask
Tenormin Atenolol Beta-blocker pectoria, MI beta-1 selective blocker
tab; Inj: 5 mg/10ml hypotension, hypoglycemia
prevention
depression, impotence
fatigue, depression,
pruritis, bradycardia, 1st take with food, mask hypoglycemia,
Metoprolol 25, 50, 100, 200 hypertension, angina
Toprol-XL Beta-blocker beta-1 selective blocker degree heart block, take tab whole-don’t crush, may
Succinate mg ER tab pectoria, heart failure
decreased libido, cause dizziness
exacerbate diabetes
fatigue, depression,
pruritis, bradycardia, 1st
25, 50, 100 mg angina, take with food, mask hypoglycemia,
Lopressor Metoprolol Tartrate Beta-blocker beta-1 selective blocker degree heart block,
tab; Inj: 5 mg/5ml hypertension, MI may cause dizziness
decreased libido,
exacerbate diabetes
inhibit Na/K ATPase, induces
CHF, atrial
0.125, 0.25 mg influx of calcium- increase force anorexia, bradycardia,
fibrillation, atrial
Lanoxin & Inotropic/ Cardiac tab; 0.1, 0.2 mg of contraction; direct GI disturbance, blurred
Digoxin flutter, best on empty stomach
Lanoxicaps Glycoside cap; inj: suppression of AV node vision, heart block,
supraventricular
0.5mg/2ml conduction (increases refractory visual disturbance
tachycardia
period)
Calcium channel nondihydropyridine calcium edema, headache, rash,
blocker/ 120, 180, 240 mg chronic stable channel blocker- relaxes dizziness, nervousness, take on empty stomach, swallow
Dilacor XR Diltiazem HCl
Anti-arrhythmic cap angina, hypertension coronary smooth muscle and AV block, gingival whole
(Class IV) causes coronary vasodilation hyperplasia
flushing, peripheral &
dihydropyridine calcium channel may cause fainting with sudden
10, 20 mg cap; vasospastic angina, pul edema, gingival
Procardia & Calcium channel blocker- relaxes coronary movement, swallow whole, avoid
Nifedipine 30, 60, 90 mg SR chronic stable hyperplasia, palpitations,
Procardia XL blocker smooth muscle and causes alcohol, take on empty stomach, avoid
tab angina, hypertension hypotension, dizziness,
coronary vasodilation grapefruit
nervousness
Calcium channel 30, 60, 90, 120 nondihydropyridine calcium hypotension, dizziness,
artery spasm,
Cardizem & blocker/ mg tab; 120, 180, channel blocker- relaxes bradycardia, AV block, may cause dizziness, do not give with
Diltiazem HCl hypertension, atrial
Cardizem CD Anti-arrhythmic 240, 360 mg cap; coronary smooth muscle and gingival hyperplasia, CHF, take SR products in AM
fibrillation
(Class IV) Inj: 5 mg/ml causes coronary vasodilation headache
 hypotension, peripheral
Calcium channel angina, nondihydropyridine calcium
edema, dizziness, do not give with CHF, avoid grapefruit
Isoptin & blocker/ 40,80,120 mg tab; hypertension, channel blocker- relaxes
Verapamil HCl gingival hyperplasia, juice, avoid excessive alcohol, SR
Isoptin Sr Anti-arrhythmic SR 120,180 mg supraventricular coronary smooth muscle and
constipation, AV block, products take with food
(Class IV) tachyarrhythmias causes coronary vasodilation
bradycardia
dihydropyridine calcium channel
hypertension, chronic edema, flushing, fatigue,
Amlodipine Calcium channel blocker- relaxes coronary Avoid grapefruit juice, may cause
Norvasc 2.5, 5, 10 mg tab stable/vasospastic abdominal pain, fatigue,
Besylate blocker smooth muscle and causes drowsiness, report any weight gain
angina angioedema
coronary vasodilation
Amlodipine 2.5/10, 5/10, 5/20, amlodipine- inhibits influx of avoid salt substitutes, report facial
angioedema, cough,
Lotrel Besylate & Antihypertensive 5/40, 10/20, 10/40 hypertension calcium. benazepril- inhibits swelling, difficulty breathing, or
headache
Benazepril HCl mg cap ACE infection
inhibits ADP receptors on GI problems, upper
STEMI/NSTEMI bleeding time increases, do not
Clopidogrel platlets to inhibit platlet respiratory tract
Plavix Platelet inhibitor 75 mg tab thrombi prophylaxis, exceed dosage, contact dr for fever,
Bisulfate aggregation by preventing infection, chest pain,
CAD/PAD, post-MI chills, excessive bleeding
activation of GPIIb/IIIa complex arthralgia, purpura
edema associated muscle cramps,
with CHF, hepatic weakness. dry mouth,
inhibits reabsoprtion of sodium
Esidrix & 12.5 mg cap; 25, cirrhosis, orthostatic hypotension,
Hydrochlorothiazide Thiazide diuretic and chloride at distal renal give in AM, avoid excessive sunlight
Microzide 50 mg tab corticosteroid, hypokalemia,
tubule
estrogen therapy; hyperglycemia,
hypertension hypertriglyceridemia
dizziness, muscle
edema with CHF, inhibits reabsorption of sodium cramps, decreased
give in AM, may cause orthostatic
Bumex Bumetanide Loop Diuretic 0.5,1, 2, mg tab liver cirrhosis, renal and chloride in ascending limb Ca/K/Cl/Mg/Na,
hypotension, avoid excessive sunlight
disease of Loop of Henle hyperuricemia,
hyperglycemia
edema with CHF, excessive urination,
inhibits reabsorption of sodium
5, 10, 20, 100 mg renal failure, hepatic hypokalemia, give in AM, may cause orhtostatic
Demadex Torsemide Loop Diuretic and chloride in ascending limb
tab cirrhosis; hyperglycemia, hypotension, avoid excessive sunlight
of Loop of Henle
hypertension hyperuricemia
muscle cramps, tinnitus,
edema with CHF,
20, 40, 80 mg tab; decreased
hepatic cirrhosis, inhibits reabsorption of sodium
Oral: 10mg/ml, Ca/K/Cl/Mg/Na, give in AM, avoid excessive sunlight,
Lasix Furosemide Loop Diuretic corticosteroid, and chloride at distal renal
40mg/5ml; inj: hyperuricemia, may cause orthostatic hypotension
estrogen therapy; tubule and at Loop of Henle
10mg/ml hyperglycemia,
hypertension
photosensitivity
 triamterene- inhibits Na/K
M-25 tab: 37.5 mg ATPase in distal renal tubule
Potassium traimterene & 25 (increases Na & Mg excretion, hyperkalemia, muscle
Triamterene &
Maxzide Sparing/Thiazide mg hctz; tab: 75 hypertension, edema decreases K/Ca excretion) cramps, fatigue, give in AM, avoid excessive sunlight
Hydrochlorothiazide
Diuretic mg triamterene & hctz- inhibits sodium and insomnia, hypercalcemia
50 mg hctz chloride reabsorption in distal
tubules
triamterene- inhibits Na/K
ATPase in distal renal tubule
Potassium 37.5 mg (increases Na & Mg excretion, hyperkalemia, muscle
Triamterene &
Dyazide Sparing/Thiazide triamterene & 25 edema, hypertension decreases K/Ca excretion) cramps, fatigue, give in AM, avoid excessive sunlight
Hydrochlorothiazide
Diuretic mg hctz hctz- inhibits sodium and insomnia, hypercalcemia
chloride reabsorption in distal
tubules
edema with CHF, weakness, muscle
ascites, cramps, confusion,
Potassium Sparing 25, 50, 100 mg competitive antagonist of
Aldactone Spironolactone hypertension, gynecomastia, may cause drowsiness, give in AM
Diuretic tab aldosterone at Na/K sites
hypokalemia, hyperkalemia,
hyperaldosteronism impotence, hirsutism

Central Nervous System Medications

dyspepsia, nausea,
insomnia, dry mouth,
10,18,25,40,60,80 attention deficit/ selective reuptake inhibitor of dysmenorrhea, weight impair cognitive and motor
Strattera Atomoxetine HCl ADHD agent
,100 mg cap hyperactivity disorder norepinephrine loss, erectile performance, causes dry mouth
dysfunction,
dysmenorrhea
seizures (partial,
dizzinesss,
generalized, mixed),
100 mg chew tab; reduce polysynaptic responses unsteadiness, nausea, take with food or milk, drink full glass
trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol & 200 mg tab; 100, and block post-tetanic vomiting, of water, may cause drowsiness,
Carbamazepine Anticonvulsant pain, bipolar I
Tegretol XR 200, 400 oral tab; potentiation by inhibiting sodium hyper/hypotension, avoid alcohol, shake suspension,
disorder,
susp: 100 mg/5 ml channels nystagmus, somnolense, swallow whole
glossopharyngeal
blurred vision
neuralgia
seizures (absense,
simple, complex, N/V, asthenia, dizziness, may cause drowsiness, can be
Depakote & 125, 250, 500 mg complex partial), increases GABA (inhibitory alopecia, headache, swallowed whole or sprinkled over
Divalproex Sodium Antiepileptic
Depakote ER tab; 125 mg caps manic bipolar neurotransmitter) insomnia, diplopia, soft food; do not abruptly discontinue;
disorder, prevent ototoxicity take with food to decrease GI upset
migrane headache
 unknown but blocks sodium fatigue, confusion,
seizures (partial,
channels, augments GABA weight decrease, altered
15, 25, mg caps; tonic-clonic), prevent may cause drowsiness, avoid alcohol,
activity at some receptors, taste, paresthesia,
Topamax Topiramate Antiepileptic 25, 50, 100, 200 migrane, keep hydrated, may decrease oral
antagonist at glutamate nystagmus, blurred
mg tab Lennox-Gastaut contraceptive effectiveness
receptor, inhibits carbonic vision, metabolic
syndrome
anhydrase enzyme acidosis, nephrolithiasis
seizures (partial, drowsiness; report hypersensitivity;
chew tab: 5, 25 blocks sodium channels and dizziness, ataxia,
tonic-clonic), don’t change dosage; chewable tabs
Lamictal Lamotrigine Antiepileptic mg; oral tab: 25, inhibits release of glutamate somnolence, rash,
Lennox-Gastaut, can be dispersed in teaspoon of water
100, 150, 200 mg and aspartate blurred vision/diplopia
bipolar I disorder, or fruit juice
Seizures
15,30,60,100 mg exerts GABA-like activity to
(tonic-clonic, somnolence,
Antiepileptic/ tab; 1/4 gr, 1/2 gr, depress excitable tissue, drowsiness; avoid alcohol, habit
Luminal (CIV) Phenobarbital (CIV) myoclonic, partial, drowsiness, dizziness,
Hypnotic 1 gr 1.5 gr tab; inj: barbiturates increase time the forming
status epilepticus), residual sedation
30mg/ml,60mg/ml GABA Cl- channel is open
insomnia, sedation
dizziness, somnolence,
diplopia, ataxia,
blocks sodium channels to
150, 300, 600 mg nystagmus, drowsiness; avoid alcohol; shake
Trileptal Oxcarbazepine Antiepileptic partial seizures stabilize hyperexcited neural
tab hyponatriemia, skin suspension; contact dr if rash occurs
membranes
reaction (Stevens
johnson syndrome)
gingival hyperplasia,
tonic-clonic,
Dilantin Extended 30,100 mg cap; rash, hepatitis, may cause drowsiness, monitor blood
Antiepileptic psychomotor blocks sodium channels
Kapseals Phenytoin Sodium inj:50mg/ml osteomalacia, slurred glucose, do not take with antacids
seizures,
speech, ataxia
partial seizures,
100, 300, 400 mg
post-herpetic somnolence, dizziness,
caps; 600, 800 mg may cause drowsiness, avoid alcohol,
Neurontin Gabapentin Antiepileptic neuralgia, diabetic Unknown ataxia, fatigue,
tab; Sol: 250 mg/5 do not abruptly discontinue
neouropathy, nystagmus, weight gain
ml
spasticity
dry mouth, blurred
Parkinson's disease blocks cholinergic muscarinic
Benztropine vision, nervousness, avoid prolonged hot weather; may
Cogentin Antiparkinson Agent 0.5, 1, 2 mg tab & extrapyramidal and histamine receptors in
Mesylate constipation, heat take with food
disorders PSNS
stroke/hyperpyrexia
dyskinesia, anorexia, avoid Fe supplements and high
10/100, 25/100, levodopa converts to dopamine,
Carbidopa & N/V, depression, protein diet, best on empty stomach,
Sinemet Antiparkinson Agent 25/250, 25/100, Parkinson's disease carbidopa inhibits peripheral
Levodopa dementia, urine/sweat interferes with urine ketone/sugar
50/200 mg decarboxylation of dopamine
discoloration tests
5, 10 mg tab; 5, mild to moderate
AChE inhibitor to increase ACh N/V/D, insomnia, muscle
Aricept Donepezil HCl Alzheimer's agent 10 oral disint tab; dementia of take in the evening
at synapses cramps, fatigue
sol: 5 mg/ml Alzheimer's disease
 moderate to severe
5, 10 mg tab; sol: NMDA (N-methyl D-aspartate) dizziness, headache,
Namenda Memantine HCl Alzheimer's agent dementia of taken with or without food
2mg/ml receptor antagonist hypertension, agitation
Alzheimer's disease
dry mouth, decreased
5, 10, 20 mg tab;
Ritalin activates brain stem arousal appetite, decreased take last dose in early evening;
Methylphenidate SR tab: 20 mg;
(SR),(LA) CNS Stimulant ADHD, narcolepsy system and cortex by increasing body growth, headache, habit-forming; can be sprinkled over
HCl 10, 20, 30, 40 SR
(CII) norepinephrine and dopamine insomnia, anxiety, soft food
cap
nervousness
dry mouth, decreased
activates brain stem arousal appetite, decreased
Methylphenidate 18, 27, 36, 54 mg swallow whole, habit forming, may be
Concerta (CII) CNS stimulant ADHD system and cortex by increasing body growth, headache,
HCl ER tab in stool
norepinephrine and dopamine insomnia, anxiety,
nervousness
5, 7.5, 10, 12.5,
Amphetamine & restlessness, headache,
15, 20, 30 mg tab; sympathomimetic that releases
Adderall (CII) Dextroamphetamin CNS stimulant ADHD, narcolepsy insomnia, euphoria, may cause dizziness
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, norepinephrine and dopamine
e Salt tachycardia, anorexia
30 mg ER cap
binds to benzodiazepine
Hypnotic/ 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30 receptors on GABA neurons to drowsiness, euphoria, avoid alcohol, don’t use longer than
Restoril (CIV) Temazepam insomnia
Benzodiazepine mg cap increase GABA affinity to anorexia, confusion ten days
receptor
acts at GABA receptor drowsiness, headache,
Non-benzodiazepine
Lunesta (CIV) Eszopiclone 1, 2, 3, mg tab insomnia complexes in same area as unpleasant taste do not take with heavy/high fat meal
Hypnotic
benzodiazepines sensation; dry mouth
interacts with benzodiazepine
receptor on GABA neuron,
headache, dizziness,
Ambien & 5, 10 mg tab; preferential binding to BZ1
Non-benzodiazepine drowsiness, palpitation, swallow whole, induce drowsiness,
Ambien CR Zolpidem Tartrate 6.25, 12.5 mg CR insomnia (explains absence of
Hypnotic dyspepsia, urinary tract avoid alcohol, habit-forming
(CIV) tab myorelaxant and anticonvulsant
infection
effects & the preservation of
sleep stages 3 and 4)
relief of acute,
nausea, vomiting,
inflamed may be due to CNS depression,
Skelaxin Metaxalone Muscle Relaxant 800 mg tab dizziness, GI discomfort, may cause drowsiness, avoid alcohol
musculoskeletal unknown
headache
conditions
works in spinal cord on
descending reticular formation drowsiness, headache,
Soma (CIV) Carisoprodol Muscle relaxant 250, 350 mg tab musculoskeletal pain may cause drowsiness
to interrupt neuronal dizziness
communication
 acts at brain stem of CNS, drowsiness, dizziness,
Cyclobenzaprine similar in structure to tricyclic dry mouth, fatigue, may cause drowsiness, avoid alcohol,
Flexeril Muscle relaxant 5, 10 mg tab musculoskeletal pain
HCl antidepressants (causes blurred vision, may cause dry mouth
anticholinergic side effects) palpitations
somnolence, impotence,
generalized anxiety
Escitalopram 5, 10, 20 mg tab; blocks reuptake of serotonin insomnia, ejaculation impair cognitive, motor performance,
Lexapro Antidepressant disorder, depression,
Oxalate Sol: 5 mg/5ml (SSRI) disorder, nausea, avoid alcohol
social phobia
headache, xerostomia
depression, anxiety,
obsessive nausea, dry mouth,
10, 20, 40 mg tab; compulsive disorder, blocks reuptake of serotonin somnolence, impotence, impair cognitive, motor performance,
Celexa Citalopram HBr Antidepressant
sol: 2 mg/ml panic disorder, (SSRI) ejaculation disorder, avoid alcohol
premenstrual insomnia
dysphoric disorder
depression,
obsessive
dyspepsia, tremor,
compulsive disorder,
25, 50, 100 mg blocks reuptake of serotonin ejaculation dysfunction,
Zoloft Sertraline HCl Antidepressant panic avoid alcohol
tab; sol: 20 mg/ml (SSRI) dry mouth, sweating,
disorder,premenstrua
yawning, N/V
l dysphoric disorder,
social phobia
depression,
obsessive asthenia, diaphoresis,
10 mg tab; 10, 20,
compulsive disorder, somnolence,
40 mg cap; 90 mg
bulimia nervosa, blocks reuptake of serotonin xerostomia, tremor, may cause drowsiness; notify dr if
Prozac Fluoxetine HCl Antidepressant delayed release
panic disorder, (SSRI) impotence, rash/hives appear
cap; liq: 20 mg/5
premenstrual nervousness, rash,
ml
dysphoric disorder, headache, nausea
anxiety
depression, social hypertension, sweating,
25, 37.5, 50, 75, anxiety disorder, weight loss, dry mouth,
inhibits serotonin,
Effexor & 100 mg tab; 37.5, general anxiety constipation, asthenia,
Venlafaxine HCl Antidepressant norepinephrine, and dopamine take with food
Effexor XR 75, 150 mg ER disorder, panic dizziness, insomnia,
reuptake
cap disorder, diabetic headache, orgasm
neuropathy disorder/impotence
depression, asthenia, dry mouth,
Tricyclic 10, 25, 50, 75, inhibits reuptake from serotonin
Elavil Amitriptyline insomnia, diabetic blurred vision, N/V/D, drowsiness; avoid alcohol
Antidepressant 100, 150 mg tab and norepinephrine
neuropathy weight gain
 depression,
10, 20, 30, 40 mg obsessive
diaphoresis, yawning,
tab; 12.5, 25, 37.5 compulsive disorder,
Paxil & Paxil blocks reuptake of serotonin anxiety, asthenia,
Paroxetine HCl Antidepressant mg controlled panic disorder, social avoid alcohol
CR (SSRI) headache, somnolence,
release tab; sol: anxiety disorder,
flatulence, nausea
10 mg/5ml generalized anxiety
disorder
75, 100 mg
immediate release weight loss, insomnia,
take ER tab in morning, weight
Wellbutrin tab; 100, 150, depression, smoking weakly inhibits norepinephrine sweating,
Bupropion HCl Antidepressant loss/gain is temporary, no alcohol,
(SR,XL) 200mg SR tab; cessation and dopamine reupatke dizziness,xerostomia,
may take up to 4 weeks to see effects
150, 300mg ER seizures, headache
tab
nausea, dry mouth,
depression,
reuptake inhibitor of serotonin insomnia, decreased
generalized anxiety may cause drowsiness, avoid alcohol;
Cymbalta Duloxetine HC Antidepressant 20, 30, 60 mg cap and norepinephrine; weakly appetite, erectile
disorder, diabetic effects seen in 2-3 weeks
dopamine dysfunction, sweating,
neuropathy
anorgasm
drowsiness, dry mouth,
antagonist of central
15, 30, 45 mg tab; weight gain, dizziness,
presynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic drowsiness, avoid alcohol, take in
Remeron Mirtazapine Antidepressant 15, 30, 45 mg oral depression hypercholesterolemia,
and serotonin receptor and evening
disintegrating tab flu-like symptoms,
blocks histamine receptor
constipation
priapism, confusion, dry
mouth, fatigue, N/V/D,
50, 100, 150, 300 depression, anxiety,
Desyrel Trazodone HCl Antidepressant inhibits serotonin reuptake sweating, insomnia, take with food; may cause drowsiness
mg tab insomnia
blurred vision,
drowsiness
dizziness, fatigue,
5, 10, 15, 30 mg unknown; may be changes in Takes 2-3 weeks to see effect, avoid
Buspar Buspirone HCl Antianxiety anxiety sweating, headache,
tab brain chemistry grapefruit
nervousness
0.5, 1, 2 mg tab;
0.125, 0.25, 0.5, anxiety disorders,
Antianxiety/ drowsiness, dizziness, drowsiness, avoid alcohol,
Ativan (CIV) Lorazepam 1, 2 mg wafers; sedation, status faciliate GABA
Benzodiazepine sedation, weaknesss habit-forming
inj:2mg/ml, epilepticus, insomnia
4mg/ml
2, 5, 10 mg tab; anxiety disorders;
Inj: 5mg/ml; sol: 5 acute alcoholism
Antianxiety/ drowsiness, ataxia, oral concentrate must be diluted;
Valium (CIV) Diazepam mg/5ml; rectal gel: withdrawal; skeletal faciliate GABA
Benzodiazepine fatigue avoid alcohol; habit-forming
2.5, 5, 10, 15, muscle spasm;
20mg status epilepticus
Xanax & 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg
Antianxiety/ anxiety disorders, drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
Xanax XR Alprazolam tab; 0.5, 1, 2, 3, faciliate GABA drowsiness and fatigue
Benzodiazepine panic disorder habit-forming
(CIV) mg ER tab
somnolence, dizziness,
postural hypotension,
antagonist of serotonin, dyspepsia, weight gain,
Quetiapine 25, 50, 100, 200, bipolar disorders, caution when rising, drowsiness, take
Seroquel Antipsychotic dopamine, histamine, and increases cholesterol,
Fumerate 300, 400 mg tab schizophrenia with food (at least 300 calories)
adrenergic receptors dry mouth,
extrapyramidal
symptoms
2, 5, 10, 15, 20,
depression, combo of partial agonist acitvity tardive dyskinesia,
30mg tab; 10, avoid alcohol; beware of heat
schizophrenia, at dopamine (D2) & 5-HT1A headache, anxiety,
Abilify Aripiprazole Antipsychotic 15mg oral exposure/dehydration; store oral in
mania, bipolar receptors, antagonist at 5-HT2A asthenia, somnolence,
disitegrating tab; fridge
disorder, agitation receptor orthostatic hypotension
sol:1mg/ml
drowsiness, salivation,
weekly white blood cell counts
antagonist at dopamine orthostatic hypotension,
Clozaril Clozapine Antipsychotic 25, 100 mg tab schizophrenia required, may cause seizures, notify
receptors agranulocytosis,
dr if infection occurs
sedation, tachycradia
150, 300, 600 mg interferes with synthesis, diarrhea, hand tremor,
may take 1-2 weeks to see effects;
Lithonate & Agent for mania, cap; 300 mg tab; bipolar disorder, storage, release, and reuptake blurred vision, abnormal
Lithium Carbonate normal diet with 2-3 quarts a day;
Lithotabs bipolar disorder 300, 450mg ER mania of monoamine ECG, polyuria, dry
avoid overexposure to heat
tab neurotransmitters mouth
acute psychosis,
mania, somnolence, agitation,
2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, antagonist of dopamine and use caution when rising; may cause
Zyprexa Olanzapine Antipsychotic schizophrenia, insomnia, weight gain,
20 mg tab serotonin receptors drowsiness
bipolar disorder, dizziness, rhinitis
agitation
0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3,
extrapyramidal
4 mg tab; oral schizophrenia,
antagonist of serotonin and symptoms, tachycardia, avoid alcohol, may cause fainting;
Risperdal Risperidone Antipsychotic disintegrating tab: mania, autism,
dopamine receptors rash, agitation, anxiety, avoid excess sun
0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 mg bipolar disorder
orhtostatic hypotension
tab
 Darvocet N-50:
325mg apap + 50
propoxyphene;
Darvocet N-100: Acetaminophen: inhibits
Acetaminophen & 650mg apap + prostaglandin synthesis;
Darvocet mild to moderate N/V/D, sedation, may cause drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
Propoxyphene Narcotic Analgesic 100mg Propoxyphene: produce
(CIV) pain drowsiness do not exceed dosage; habit-forming
Napsylate propoxyphene; analgesia via central opiate
Darvocet A500: receptors
500mg apap +
100mg
propoxyphene tab
hypoventilation,
moderate to severe hypertension,
Fentanyl 12.5, 25, 50, 75, apply to non-irritated skin, apply for 72
Duragesic pain, chronic pain, analgesia via central opiate hypotension, dry mouth,
Transdermal Narcotic Analgesic 100 mcg/hour hours, apply immediately upon
(CII) sedation receptors resp depression,
System patch removal from package
maintenance sedation, N/V,
constipation
No. 2: 300mg
apap + 15mg
codeine; No. 3: acetaminophen: inhibits
Acetaminophen
300mg apap + mild to moderate prostaglandin synthesis; N/V/D, constipation, may cause drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
Tylenol #3 w/Codeine Narcotic Analgesic
30mg codeine; pain codeine: produce analgesia via sedation do not exceed dosage; habit-forming
Phosphate (CIII)
No. 4: 300mg central opiate receptors
apap + 60mg
codeine tab
constipation, nausea, swallow whole; drowsiness,
Oxycontin 10, 20, 40, 80 mg moderate to severe analgesia via central opiate
Oxycodone HCl Narcotic Analgesic somnolence, pruritis, habit-forming; avoid alcohol, cannot
(CII) tab pain receptor
headache be refilled
2.5/325, 5/325, acetaminophen: inhibits
may cause drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
Acetaminophen & 7.5/325, 10/325, prostaglandin synthesis;
Percocet (CII) Narcotic Analgesic moderate pain N/V/D, constipation do not exceed dosage; habit-forming,
Oxycodone HCl 7.5/500, oxycodone: produces analgesia
cannot be refilled
10/650mg tab via central opiate receptors
dizziness,
lightheadedness,
severe pain; narcotic analgesia via central opiate drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
Dolophine (CII)Methadone (CII) Narcotic Analgesic 5, 10 mg tab respiratory depression,
addiction receptors habit-forming; cannot be refilled
constipation, sedation,
N/V, pruritus
constipation, dizziness,
swallow whole, drowsiness, avoid
MS Contin 15, 30, 60, 100, moderate to severe analgesia via central opiate sedation, euphoria,
Morphine Sulfate Narcotic Analgesic alcohol, habit-forming; cannot be
(CII) 200 mg tab pain receptors respiratory depression,
refilled
N/V, pruritus
 acetaminophen: inhibits
Acetaminophen & 500 mg apap + prostaglandin synthesis;
N/V/D, constipation, may cause drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
Lortab (CIII) Hydrocodone Narcotic Analgesic 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10mg moderate pain hydrocodone: produces
sedation do not exceed dosage; habit-forming
Bitartrate hydrocodone analgesia via central opiate
receptors
500 mg apap + 5
mg hydrocodone; acetaminophen: inhibits
Acetaminophen & 750 mg apap + prostaglandin synthesis;
N/V/D, constipation, may cause drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
Vicodin (CIII) Hydrocodone Narcotic Analgesic 7.5 mg moderate pain hydrocodone: produces
sedation do not exceed dosage; habit-forming
Bitartrate hydrocodone; 660 analgesia via central opiate
mg apap + 10 mg receptors
hydrocodone tab
Plus: 7.5mg
acetaminophen: inhibits
hydrocodone +
Acetaminophen & prostaglandin synthesis;
650mg apap; N/V/D, constipation, may cause drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
Lorcet (CIII) Hydrocodone Narcotic Analgesic moderate pain hydrocodone: produces
10mg sedation do not exceed dosage; habit-forming
Bitartrate analgesia via central opiate
hydrocodone +
receptors
650mg apap tab
37.5 mg tramadol short-term constipation,
inhibition of reuptake of may cause drowsiness; avoid alcohol
Tramadol HCl & HCl and 325 mg management of somnolence, increased
Ultracet Analgesic norepinephrine and serotonin, and acetaminophen; do not exceed
Acetaminophen acetaminophen acute pain, moderate sweating, dizziness,
opiate receptor agonist prescribed dosage
tab pain nausea, seizures
50 mg tab; 100, inhibition of norepinephrine and dizziness, N/V, CNS do not split/crush; drowsiness; do not
Ultram Tramadol HCl Analgesic 200, 300 mg ER moderate pain serotonin; opiate receptor stimulation, asthenia, dry exceed prescribed dosage; avoid
tab agonist mouth, constipation alcohol
acetaminophen: inhibits
prostaglandin synthesis;
Acetaminophen, 50 mg butalbital + butalbital: produces analgesia
dizziness, drowsiness, drowsiness, avoid alcohol;
Fioricet Butalbital & Analgesic 325 mg apap + 40 headache via central opiate receptor
lightheadedness habit-forming; do not exceed dosage
Caffeine mg caffeine tab (enhances inhibitory effect of
GABA); caffeine: causes
cerebral vasoconstriction
25, 50, 100 mg tingling, diarhea,
Sumatriptan tab; inj: 12mg/ml; 5-HT agonist to cause tightness in chest, don’t exceed dosage; don’t use for
Imitrex Antimigraine Agent migraine headaches
Succinate nasal spray: 5, vasoconstriction palpitations, dizziness, other types of headaches
20mg weakness
 Cushing syndrome,
hyperglycemia,
allergic/inflammatory steroid-receptor complex that menstrual irregularity,
Steroid/Anti-inflamm 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 mg
Medrol Methylprednisolone diseases of the body; enters nucleus to stimulate or glaucoma, osteoporosis, take as prescribed
atory tab
multiple sclerosis inhibit protein synthesis myopathy, ulceration,
depression/euphoria,
hypertension
Cushing syndrome,
hyperglycemia,
allergic/inflammatory steroid-receptor complex that menstrual irregularity,
Steroid/Anti-inflamm 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20
Deltasone Prednisone diseases of the body; enters nucleus to stimulate or glaucoma, osteoporosis, take as prescribed
atory 50 mg tab
multiple sclerosis inhibit protein synthesis myopathy, ulceration,
depression/euphoria,
hypertension
ankylosing
spondylitis, bursitis,
fever, acute gout, edema, constipation,
Nonsteroidal 250, 375, 500 mg inhibition of COX1 & 2 to 2 weeks to improve arthritis; avoid
Naprosyn & headache, N/V, tinnitus, heartburn,
Naproxen antiinflammatory tab; EC: 375, 500 decrease prostaglandin aspirin, alcohol; don’t break tablet;
EC-Naprosyn osteoarthritis, pain, peptic ulcer, dizziness,
drug (NSAID) mg tab synthesis drowsiness
tendinitis, rash
dysmenorrhea,
rheumatoid arthritis
fever, headache,
Nonsteroidal migraine, pain, inhibition of COX1 & 2 to
400, 600, 800 mg rash, pruritus, N/V, 2 weeks to improve arthritis; avoid
Motrin Ibuprofen antiinflammatory osteoarthritis, decrease prostaglandin
tab flatulence, heartburn aspirin, alcohol
drug (NSAID) dysmenorrhea, synthesis
rheumatoid arthritis
edema, pruritus, rash,
Nonsteroidal inhibition of COX 1 & 2 to
osteoarthritis and constipation/diarrhea, take with food; avoid alcohol; 2 weeks
Relafen Nabumetone antiinflammatory 500, 750 mg tab decrease prostaglandin
rheumaroid arthritis dyspepsia, dizziness, to see improvements
drug (NSAID) synthesis
tinnitus
200, 300 mg cap; juvenile rheumatoid
Nonsteroidal inhibition of COX1 & 2 to abdominal pain,
Lodine & 400, 500 mg XR arthritis, take with food; avoid alcohol; 2 weeks
Etodolac antiinflammatory decrease prostaglandin diarrhea, flatulence,
Lodine XL tab; 400, 500, 600 osteoarthritis, pain, to see improvements
drug (NSAID) synthesis dyspepsia, dizziness
mg tab rheumatoid arthritis
ankylosing N/V, headache,
Nonsteroidal 25, 50, 75 mg DR inhibition of COX1 & 2 to
Voltaren & spondylitis, indigestion, fluid avoid alcohol; avoid aspirin; swallow
Diclofenac Sodium antiinflammatory tab; 100 mg ER decrease prostaglandin
Voltaren XR osteoarthritis, retention, constipation, whole
drug (NSAID) tab synthesis
rheumatoid arthritis abdominal pain
 osteoarthritis,
rheumatoid arthritis,
inhibition of COX 2 to decrease
Nonsteroidal ankylosing
prostaglandin synthesis (no dyspepsia, abdominal
Celebrex Celecoxib antiinflammatory 100, 200 mg cap spondylitis, juvenile report ulcerations, avoid aspirin
inhibition of platelet pain, diarrhea
drug (NSAID) rheumatoid arthritis,
aggregation)
pain, dysmenorrhea,
colorectal adenoma

Gastrointestinal Medications

nausea, vomiting, dry

inhibit ACh at postganglion in dizziness/drowsiness; avoid alcohol;
10 mg cap; 20 mg irritable bowel mouth, difficulty
Bentyl Dicyclomine HCl Antispasmotic smooth muscle (antagnoist at may cause dry mouth, difficulty
tab syndrome urinating, tachycardia,
muscarinic receptor) urinating
blurred vision
diphenoxylate-binds to opiate
receptor in GI SM to decrease
2.5 mg
peristalsis, water/electrolyte anorexia, dry mouth,
Diphenoxylate HCl diphenoxylate HCl stop if no relief in 48 hours; avoid
Lomotil (CV) Antidiarrheal diarrhea movement; stomach pain,
& Atropine Sulfate & 0.025 mg alcohol; drowsiness; habit-forming
atropine-discourages abuse at constipation,
atropine tab
high doses, antimuscarinic
activity
gastroesophageal
reflux disease
5, 10 mg tab; restlessness,
Metoclopramide (GERD), diabetic inhibition of dopamine, drowsiness, avoid alcohol; take 30
Reglan Antiemetic Syrup: 5 mg/5ml; drowsiness, tardive
HCl gastroparesis; augments cholinergic activity minutes before meals
inj: 5mg/ml dyskinesia, fatigue
intestinal intubation;
antiemetic
duodenal ulcer,
gastroesophageal
reflux disease
20, 40mg tab; oral (GERD),
competitively inhibits histamine
suspension: hypersecretory headache, dizziness, shake suspension, antacids may be
Pepcid Famotidine H2 Antihistamine at H2 receptors to inhibit gastric
40mg/5ml; conditions, benign constipation, diarrhea given concurrently
secretion
inj:10mg/ml gastric ulcers,
dyspepsia/heartburn,
zollinger-ellison
syndrome
 duodenal ulcer;
gastric ulcers;
esophagitis;
150, 300 mg tab; competitively inhibits histamine abdominal pain,
gastroesophageal do not freeze syrup; complete full
Zantac Ranitidine HCl H2 Antihistamine syrup: 15 mg/ml; at H2 receptors to inhibit gastric headache, dizziness,
reflux disease course of therapy
inj: 25mg/ml secretion constipation, diarrhea
(GERD),
zollinger-ellison
syndrome
gastroesophageal
reflux disease
Antisecretory- decreases gastric acid secretion
Rabeprazole (GERD); esophagitis; swallow tablet whole; may be taken
Aciphex Proton pump 20 mg tab by inhibiting proton pump in headache
Sodium duodenal ulcers, with antacids
inhibitor gastric parietal cell
zollinger-ellison
syndrome
gastroesophageal
Antisecretory- reflux (GERD), decreases gastric acid secretion
Pantoprazole 20, 40 mg tab; inj: abdominal pain, swallow tab whole; may be taken with
Protonix Proton pump esophagitis, by inhibiting proton pump in
Sodium 40mg vial headache, diarrhea antacids
inhibitor zollinger-ellison gastric parietal cell
syndrome
gastroesophageal
reflux (GERD),
Antisecretory- decreases gastric acid secretion dry mouth, headache,
Esomeprazole 20, 40 mg cap; inj: esophagitis, take 1 hr prior to eating; antacids can
Nexium Proton pump by inhibiting proton pump in flatulence, diarrhea,
Magnesium 40mg vial duodenal ulcers, be taken at same time; swallow whole
inhibitor gastric parietal cell abdominal pain
zollinger-ellison
syndrome
gastroesophageal
15, 30 mg cap; reflux (GERD),
Antisecretory- decreases gastric acid secretion
15, 30 mg soltab; duodenal ulcer, diarrhea, abdominal take on empty stomach; mix granules
Prevacid Lansoprazole Proton pump by inhibiting proton pump in
15, 30 mg esophagitis, pain, nausea, headache with 30ml water
inhibitor gastric parietal cell
granules zollinger-ellison
syndrome
duodenal ulcer;
gastric ulcer,
dyspepsia,
Antisecretory- decreases gastric acid secretion diarrhea, abdominal take 30 minutes prior to meal;
gastroesophageal
Prilosec Omeprazole Proton pump 10, 20, 40 mg cap by inhibiting proton pump in pain, cough, antacids can be taken at the same
reflux (GERD),
inhibitor gastric parietal cell constipation, rash time; can be added to soft food
zollinger-ellison
syndrome,
esophagitis
take on empty stomach; don’t take
1 gram tab;
formation of complex on ulcer with antacids; shake suspension;
Carafate Sucralfate Antiulcer 1g/10ml duodenal ulcer constipation
site to protect from acid don’t take within 2hrs of prescrip
suspension
meds
 overactive bladder, dry mouth, dizziness,
Detrol & 1, 2 mg tab; 2, 4, muscarinic receptor antagonist cause dizziness/drowsiness, dry
Tolterodine Tartrate Antimuscarinic urinary constipation, dyspepsia,
Detrol LA mg ER cap to relax smooth muscle mouth, blurred vision; avoid alcohol
incontinence/urgency somnolence, headache
5 mg tab; 5, 10, neurogenic bladder, dry mouth, drowsiness,
Ditropan & Oxybutynin muscarinic receptor antagonist avoid hot weather, drowsiness,
Antimuscarinic 15 mg ER tab; overactive bladder, blurred vision,
Ditropan XL Chloride to relax smooth muscle swallow whole, XL tab may be in stool
syrup 5 mg/5ml urinary incontinence constipation
may mix with fruit juice, water, milk;
constipation, hepatic increases osmotic pressure to flatulence, intestinal
Chronulac Lactulose Laxative 10gm/15 ml syrup may take 48 hours to see
encephalopathy enhance peristalsis cramps, N/V/D
improvement
Polyethylene Glycol 17 gm of PEG osmotic diuretic - retains water cramping, flatulence, dissolve in 8 oz water; may take 2-4
Miralax Laxative constipation
3350 powder in stool bloating, abdominal pain days for bowel movement

Endocrine System Medications

contact dr for chest pains, shortness

cardiovascular &
3 mg contraception, acne, of breath, coughing of blood; if yellow
thromboembolic
Drospirenone & drospirenone & premenstual suppression of LH and FSH to tab missed, take as soon as possible;
Yasmin Oral Contraceptive disorders; amenorrhea;
Ethinyl Estradiol 0.03 mg ethinyl dysphoric inhibit ovulation use 2nd method of birth control during
headache;
estradiol disorder(PMDD) first week of use; may miss period for
hyperkalemia; mastalgia
first month of use

amenorrhea,
contraception,
jaundice, menstrual
dysfxnl uterine
irregularity, pyrexia,
bleeding, use with caution in diabetic patients;
Medroxyprogestero edema, rash, acne,
Provera Hormone/ Progestin 2.5, 5, 10 mg tab endometrial cancer, suppresses LH may be taken with food or milk;
ne Acetate alopecia, hirsutism,
endometriosis, pregnancy category X
weight gain, N/V,
estrogen
mastalgia
replacement therapy,
renal cell cancer

atrophic vaginitis,
breast cancer,
dysfunctional uterine
0.3, 0.45, 0.625,
bleeding, hot flashes, enters nucleus in estrogen report side effects of leg pain,
0.9, 1.25 2.5mg bleeding, jaundice,
Conjugated hypogonadism, responsive tissue to stimulate coughing blood, vaginal bleeding;
Premarin Hormone/ Estrogen tab; vaginal edema, rash, headache,
Estrogens menopause, protein synthesis; decrease read patient information; pregnancy
cream: 0.0625% mastalgia
osteoporosis FSH, LH category X
inj: 25mg/5ml
prophylaxis, ovarian
failure, prostate
cancer, urethritis
 atrophic vaginitis,
0.5, 1, 2, mg tab; breast cancer,
vaginal cream: dysfunctional uterine
0.1mg/gm; inj: bleeding, hot flashes, enters nucleus in estrogen thromboembolism, discuss estrogen therapy, do not use
5mg, 10mg, hypogonadism, responsive tissue to stimulate dysmenorrhea, while pregnant, insert applicator into
Estrace Estradiol Hormone/ Estrogen
20mg, 40mg/ml; menopause, protein synthesis; decrease headache, N/V, vagina, follow cyclic administration;
transdermal osteoporosis FSH, LH mastalgia pregnancy category X
patch: 0.05mg, prophylaxis, ovarian
0.1mg/24hr failure, prostate
cancer, urethritis
25, 50, 75, 88,
cretinism, goiter, binds to thyroid receptors to overdosage: fever,
Levothyroxine 100, 112, 125, transient loss of hair in children; notify
Synthroid Hormone/Thyroid hypothyroidism, activate gene transcription and weight loss, tachycardia,
Sodium 137, 150, 175, dr of hyperthyroidism;
myxedema coma protein synthesis anxiety
200, 300 mcg tab
25, 50, 75, 88,
cretinism, goiter, binds to thyroid receptors to overdosage: fever,
Levothyroxine 100, 112, 125, transient loss of hair in children; notify
Levoxyl Hormone/Thyroid hypothyroidism, activate gene transcription and tachycardia, weight loss,
Sodium 137, 150, 175, dr of hyperthyroidism;
myxedema coma protein synthesis anxiety
200, 300 mcg tab
megaloblastic
Folacin; 0.4 mg OTC tab; anemia, macrocytic synthesis of purines &
Folic Acid Ptero-glutamic Vitamin B9 0.8, 1 mg Rx tab; anemia, sickle cell thymidylate and maintains rare allergic reactions do not discontinue without telling dr
Acid; Folate Inj: 5 mg/ml disease, erythropoeisis
homocystinuria
15, 30, 60, 90, binds to thyroid receptors to
Armour cretinism, rare: palpitation, notify dr of hyperthyroid symptoms,
Thyroid, dessicated Hormone/Thyroid 120, 180, 240, activate gene transcription and
Thyroid hypothyroidism nervousness, diarrhea, transient loss of hair
300 mg tab protein synthesis

Anti-infective Medications

N/V/D, headache,
inhibition of bacterial Acetyl
flatulence, neuropathy, Take with food, evenly spaced
Macrodantin 25, 50, 100 mg CoA - interferes with
Nitrofurantoin Antibacterial urinary tract infection hypersensitivity intervals, may cause discolor urine,
& Macrobid capsules carbohydrate metabolism in
reactions, pulmonary contraindicated in renal impairment
bacteria
reactions
250, 500 mg N/V, dry mouth,
amebiasis,
Flagyl & Antibacterial/ tablets, 375 mg cause bacterial DNA strand seizures, neuropathy,
Metronidazole trichomoniasis, avoid alcohol, can discolor urine
Flagyl ER Antiprotozoal capsules, 750 mg breakage and cell death metallic taste, abdominal
bacterial vaginosis
ER tab pain, dizziness
respiratory tract
75, 150, 300 mg suppress protein synthesis by contact dr for rash or diarrhea; finish
infections, abdominal pain, N/V,
Cleocin Clindamycin HCl Antibiotic cap; soln: binding to 50 S ribosomal medication; drink full glass of water;
septicemia, diarrhea, puritus
75mg/5ml subunit do not refrigerate solution
pneumonia
 400mg smz +
80mg tmp tab;
urinary tract Trimethoprim: blocks
800mg smz +
infection; otitis tetrahydrofolic acid by inhibiting hypersensitivity, skin
Sulfamethoxazole/T 160mg tmp DS
Antibiotic media; dihydrofolate reductase; rash, fever, pruritus, take with full glass of water, avoid
Bactrim rimethoprim tab; susp:
(Sulfonamide) pneumocystitis carinii Sulfamethoxzaole: analog of N/V/D, Stevens-Johnson excessive sun
(smz/tmp) 200mg/5ml smz &
pneumonia; PABA that blocks formation of syndrome
40mg/5ml tmp; Inj:
traveler's diarrhea dihydrofolic acid
80mg smz +
16mg tmp/ml
respiratory and
urinary tract
Antibiotic 250, 500, 750 mg inhibits bacterial cell wall N/V/D, hives, itching, take on empty stomach with full glass
Keflex Cephalexin infections, skin
(Cephalosporin) cap synthesis rash of water; report severe diarrhea
infections, otitis
media
pnsumonia, otitis
Antibiotic inhibits bacterial cell wall diarrhea, vaginal avoid aluminum/magnesium/iron
Omnicef Cefdinir 300 mg cap media, sinusitis, skin
(Cephalosporin) synthesis candidiasis, headache containing supplements
infections
infectious diarrhea,
urinary tract
100, 250, 500,
infection, typhoid nausea, diarrhea,
750 mg tab; 500, avoid prolonged sunlight; don’t take
Antibiotic fever, traveler's inhibits DNA gyrase causing dizziness, restlessness,
Cipro Ciprofloxacin HCl 1000 mg XR tab; with antacids or with calcium, zinc,
(Fluoroquinolone) diarrhea, pneumonia, bacterial cell death rash, tendon rupture,
susp: 250mg and iron; drink full glass of water
anthrax, cellulitis, seizure
500mg/5ml
gonorrhea,
pyelonephritis
diarrhea, nausea,
Antibiotic sinusitis, bronchitis, inhibits DNA gyrase causing decreased visual acuity, drink full glass of water; don’t take
Avelox Moxifloxacin HCl 400 mg tab
(Fluoroquinolone) pneumonia bacterial cell death prolonged QT interval, antacids, sucralfate, zinc, iron
tendon rupture
bronchitis, cellulitis,
nausea, diarrhea,
respiratory and
Antibiotic 250, 500, 750 mg inhibits DNA gyrase causing headache, prolonged QT drink full glass of water, avoid excess
Levaquin Levofloxacin urinary tract
(Fluoroquinolone) tab bacterial cell death interval, tendon rupture, sun; don’t take antacids within 2 hours
infections,
seizure
pneumonia
 pharyngitis, tonsilitis,
bronchitis,
pneumonia,
250, 500 mg tab;
mycobacterium binds to 50S subunit of diarrhea, nausea, take with food; complete full course;
Biaxin & Antibiotic 500 mg ER tab;
Clarithromycin avium complex, otitis ribosome to inhibit bacterial dyspepsia, headache, notify dr with severe diarrhea; shake
Biaxin XL (Macrolide) susp: 125mg and
media, sinusitis, protein synthesis abnormal taste suspension & do not refrigerate
250mg/5ml
respiratory tract
infection, duodenal
ulcer
gonorrhea,
chlamydia,
bronchitis,
250, 500 mg tab; binds to 50S subunit of
Zithromax & Antibiotic pneumonia, otitis diarrhea, nausea, take on empty stomach; do not take
Azithromycin susp: 100mg and ribosome to inhibit bacterial
Zmax (Macrolide) media, respiratory vomiting, abdominal pain with antacids; shake suspension well
200mg/5ml protein synthesis
tract infection,
pharyngitis, tonsilitis,
sinusitis
rheumatic fever
250, 500 mg tab; prophylaxis, rash, hives, take on empty stomach with full glass;
Veetids & inhibits bacterial cell wall
Penicillin VK Antibiotic (Penicillin) soln: 125mg and endocarditis, hypersensitivity shake solution well; keep solution in
Pen-V synthesis
250mg/5ml pharyngitis, scarlet reactions, N/V/D fridge
fever, tonsilitis
bronchitis, otitis
125, 250, 400 mg media, tonsilitis,
tab; 500, 875 mg cellulitis, pharyngitis,
keep suspension refrigerated & shake
tab; 250, 500 mg respiratory tract inhibits bacterial cell wall
Amoxil Amoxicillin Antibiotic (Penicillin) diarrhea, rash, itching well; take on empty stomach with full
cap; susp: 125, infection, urinary synthesis
glass of water
200, 250, tract infection,
400mg/5ml dueodenal ulcer,
gonorrhea
125, 200, 250, bronchitis, cellulitis,
400, 500, 875, pneumonia,
amoxicillin: inhibits bacterial cell take at start of meal; keep suspension
Amoxicillin/ 1000mg (XR) tab; respiratory tract
Augmentin Antibiotic (Penicillin) wall synthesis; Clavulanate: diarrhea, rash, itching refrigerated & shake well; take at even
Clavulanate susp: 125, 200, infection, otitis
beta-lactamase inhibitor intervals
250, 400, media, urinary tract
600mg/5ml infection, sinusitis
 acne rosacea, acne
vulgaris, lyme
disease, ulcerative
gingivitis, pelvic
inflammatory inhibitis bacterial protein esophagitis, N/V/D,
Doxycycline Antibiotic 100 mg tab; 50, taken on empty stomach; avoid
Vibramycin disease, anthrax, synthesis by binding to 30S sensitivity to sunlight,
Hyclate (Tetracycline) 100 mg cap excessive sun; take at even intervals
chlamydia, ribosomal subunit tooth discoloration
epididymitis,
gonorrhea, rocky
mountain spotted
fever, syphilis
inhibits ergosterol syntheis by N/V, increases liver
50, 100, 150, 200 candidiasis,
inhibiting 14 alpha-demethylase enzymes, headache,
Diflucan Fluconazole Antifungal mg tab; susp: cryptococcal Avoid alcohol
(a CYP450) thus weakening Stevens-Johnson
10mg & 40mg/ml meningitis
fungal cell membranes syndrome
500,000 Units binds to sterols in fungal cell
take at even intervals; complete full
Mycostatin Nystatin Antifungal Tab; Susp: candidiasis membrane and causes leakage N/V/D, GI distress
course; shake suspension
100,000 units/mL of cellular contents
cinchonism (headache,
tinnitus, vertigo, blurred
inhibit nucleic acid synthesis, don’t take while pregnant; unlabeled
vision), skin reactions,
protein synthesis, glycolysis; use for nocturnal leg cramps, but not
Qualaquin Quinine Sulfate Antimalarial 324 mg cap malaria angina, visual
also increases refractory period recommended due to possible cardiac
impairment,
in muscles arrhythmias
hematological reactions,
prolonged QT interval
inhibition of influenza virus
Oseltamivir neuramidase & alters virus not a substitute for vaccine; refrigerate
Tamiflu Antiviral 75 mg cap Influenza type A & B nausea, vomiting
Phosphate particle aggregation and suspension
release
200, 400 mg cap, herpes simplex type
800 mg tab; susp: 1 & 2, varicella
Zovirax Acyclovir Antiviral Inhibits viral DNA synthesis abdominal pain, N/V/D drink fluids
200 mg/5ml; zoster virus,
cream; ointment encephalitis
2% (20 mg/gm) inhibition of bacterial protein burning, stinging, nasal report dermatitis & swelling; don’t use
Antibacterial- S. aureus infections,
Bactroban Mupirocin ointment, nasal synthesis by binding to isoleucyl may cause headache, around eyes; don’t use nasal ointment
Topical impetigo
ointment, cream transfer-RNA synthetase rhinitis, nasal congestion with other nasal preparations
 cream: 1%
clotrimazole: increase
clotrimazole +
membrane permeability by
0.05%
Clotrimazole & permeating chitin of fungal cell paresthesia, erythema,
betamethasone; tinea cruris and tinea
Lotrisone Betamethasone Antifungal & anti-inflammatory wall; betamethasone: steroid-Rc stinging, blistering, skin not for ophthalmic use
lotion: 1% corporis; tinea pedis
Dipropionate complex that enters nucleus to peeling, pruritis
clotrimazole +
stimulate or inhibit protein
0.05%
synthesis
betamethasone

Osteoporosis Medications

Selective Estrogen receptor

modulator (SERM); agonist in take calcium and vitamin D;
hot flashes, leg cramps,
osteoporosis, breast bone (increasing bone mineral discontinue 72 hrs prior to
Evista Raloxifene HCL Osteoporosis Agent 60 mg tab peripheral edema, rash,
cancer prophylaxis density and reducing immobilization; avoid prolonged
weight gain, myalgia
resorption); antagonist in breast immobilization; report blood clots
and uterus
store in fridge; prime pump before
osteoporosis; Paget's allergic reactions, each dose; discard bottles after 30
nasal spray: 200 inhibits osteoclasts and bone
Miacalcin Calcitonin-salmon Osteoporosis Agent disease; rhinitis, nasal symptoms, days; take vitamin D, calcium; hold
IU per spray resorption
hypercalcemia bone pain head upright, place nozzle in nostril
and press pump firmly
take 30 minutes before food/drink;
Risedronate osteoporosis, Paget's inhibits osteoclast formation and back pain, diarrhea, swallow whole; take calcium; take in
Actonel Osteoporosis Agent 5, 30, 35, mg tab
Sodium disease activity gastritis, esophagitis upright position with full glass of
water; don’t lie down for 30 minutes
take 30 minutes before food/drink;
N/V, heartburn,
Alendronate 5, 10, 35, 40, 70 osteoporosis; Paget's inhibit osteoclast formation and swallow whole; take calcium; take in
Fosamax Osteoporosis Agent flatulence, diarrhea,
Sodium mg tab; disease activity upright position with full glass of
constipation
water; don’t lie down for 30 minutes

Diabetes Medications
upper respiratory tract
improve target cell response to
Type II diabetes infection, headache,
Actos Pioglitazone HCl Antidiabetic 15, 30, 45 mg tab insulin to increase insulin quarterly HbA-1C; follow diet, exercise
mellitus sinusitis, pharyngitis,
sensitivity
myalgia, edema
stimulate insulin synthesis and hypoglycemia, pruritis,
Antidiabetic 1.25, 2.5, 5 mg Type II diabetes take with breakfast, avoid alcohol;
Micronase Glyburide release from beta cells in heartburn, abdominal
(Sulfonylurea) tab mellitus beware of hypoglycemia symptoms
pancreas pain
 stimulate insulin synthesis and
Antidiabetic Type II diabetes hypoglycemia, dizziness, take with breakfast, avoid alcohol;
Amaryl Glimepiride 1, 2, 4 mg tab release from beta cells in
(Sulfonylurea) mellitus asthenia, headache, N/V beware of hypoglycemia symptoms
pancreas
improve insulin sensitivity,
lactic acidosis, decrease
Glucophage & 500, 850, 1000 improve glucose tolerance,
Antidiabetic Type II diabetes B12 absorption; NV/D, take with meals; avoid alcohol; follow
Glucophage Metformin HCl mg tab; 500, 750 decrease hepatic
(Biguanide) mellitus abdominal pain, diet and exercise; keep hydrated
XR mg ER tab gluconeogenesis, decrease
anorexia
intestinal absorption of glucose
stimulate insulin synthesis and mild hypoglycemia,
Glucotrol & Antidiabetic 5, 10 mg; 2.5, 5, Type II diabetes take 30 minutes before meals; avoid
Glipizide release from beta cells in pruritis, heartburn,
Glucotrol Xl (Sulfonylurea) 10 mg SR tab mellitus alcohol; follow diet
pancreas N/V/D, dyspepsia
upper respiratory
enhances insulin sensitivity in HbA-1c testing, can take without
Rosiglitazone Type II diabetes infection, headache,
Avandia Antidiabetic 2, 4, 8 mg tablets adipose tissue, skeletal muscle regard to meals, follow recommended
Maleate mellitus back pain, diarrhea,
and liver diet and exercise
fatigue, edema
glyburide: stimulate insulin
synthesis and release from beta
avoid alcohol; keep hydrated; beware
cells in pancreas; metformin: hypoglycemia, N/V/D,
of hypoglycemia symptoms; stop
Glyburide & 1.25/250; 2.5/500; Type II diabetes improve insulin sensitivity, headache, abdominal
Glucovance Antidiabetic treatment and notify dr if
Metformin HCl 5/500 my tab mellitus improve glucose tolerance, pain, anorexia, lactic
hyperventilation, myalgia, malaise,
decrease hepatic acidosis
somnolence
gluconeogenesis, decrease
intestinal absorption of glucose
lowers glucose by facilitating
hypoglycemia, swelling, inject 15 minutes before eating; store
type I & type II uptake of glucose in muscle,
Humalog Insulin Lispro Antidiabetic 100 units/ml itching, lipodystrophy, in refrigerator; monitor blood/urine
diabetes mellitus adipose tissue and inhibiting
pain at injection site glucose
hepatic glucose production
lowers glucose by facilitating
pain at injection site,
type I & type II uptake of glucose in muscle, store in refrigerator; monitor blood
Lantus Insulin Glargine Antidiabetic 100 units/ml lipodystrophy,
diabetes mellitus adipose tissue and inhibiting glucose
hypoglycemia
hepatic glucose production

Miscellaneous Medications

take with meals and full glass of

Potassium 10 mEq, 20 mEq hypokalemia, digoxin abdominal discomfort,
K-Dur Potassium Chloride intracellular cation water; swallow whole; avoid salt
Supplement tab toxicity nausea, esophagitis
substitutes

headache, discolored turns urine orange or red; take with

Urinary Tract dysuria, urinary excreted in urine to have topical
Pyridium Phenazopyridine 100, 200 mg tab urine, GI disturbance, food or milk; don’t use more than 2
Analgesic urgency analgesic effect on urinary tract
rash days with antibacterial agent
 gout, hyperuricemia,
uric acid
inhibit xanthine oxidase (which avoid alcohol; increase fluid intake;
Zyloprim Allopurinol Gout Agent 100, 300 mg tab nephropathy, renal rash, drowsiness, N/V/D
converts xanthine to uric acid) may cause drowsiness
calculus,
nephrolithiasis
ointment: 0.025,
0.5%; susp for inj
10mg/mL,
40mg/mL; cream:
0.025/0.1/0.5%; steroid-Rc complex that enters
dermatoses; oral local burning, itching,
Kenalog Triamcinolone Corticosteroid Dental paste: nucleus to stimulate or inhibit don’t use around eyes
inflammatory lesions skin atrophy
0.1%; Lotion: protein synthesis
0.025 & 0.1%;
Topical spray; 1,
2, 4, 8mg tab;
nasal spray
may cause brown pigmentation in
open angle conjunctival hyperemia,
eye; lie down and drop solution in
glaucoma, ocular increase outflow of aqueous growth of eyelashes,
Lumigan Bimatoprost Glaucoma Agent 0.03% solution lower eyelid; wait 5 minutes before
hypertension, humor ocular pruritis, darkening
instilling another; remove contact lens;
hypotrichosis of iris color
avoid squinting
may cause brown pigmentation in
eye;lie down and drop solution into
ocular hypertension, blurred vision, ocular
increases outflow of aqueous lower lid, keep eye open for 30
Xalatan Latanoprost Glaucoma Agent 0.005% solution open-angle itching, burning,
humor seconds, apply pressure to inside
glaucoma darkening of iris color
corner of eye; wait 5 minutes, avoid
squinting