Bardiya Soil Report

FINAL REPORT
ON
GEOTECHNICAL SOIL INVESTIGATION
For
BUILDING AT GERUWA GAUNPALIKA
PASUPATINAGAR WARD NO-8
BARDIYA
APRIL, 2018
Submitted by:
AGNI BORING & SOILTEST PVT LTD

Kathmandu
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 2
2. OBJECTIVES ....................................................................................................................... 2
3. SCOPE ................................................................................................................................. 2
3.1 Field investigation Program ............................................................................................. 2
3.2 Laboratory investigations ................................................................................................ 2
4. FIELD INVESTIGATION ........................................................................................................ 2
5. NATURE OF SOIL STRATA................................................................................................ 4
6. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION....................................................................................... 4
6.1. Water Content Test (Natural Moisture Content) ........................................................... 4
6.2. Particle Size Analysis ....................................................................................................... 4
6.3. Atterberg Limits .............................................................................................................. 5
6.4. Direct Shear Test ............................................................................................................. 6
7. EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION ....................................................... 7
7.1 Laboratory and Field Investigation Results...................................................................... 7
7.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure ............................................................................................. 8
7.3 Bearing Capacity Calculation ........................................................................................... 9
7.4 Bore Pile Foundation Bearing Capacity Calculation....................................................... 10
7.5 Liquefaction ................................................................................................................... 13
8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................. 14
9. REFERENCE ........................................................................................................................... 15
ANNEX 1: BORE HOLE LOG

ANNEX 2: LABORATORY TEST SHEET AND CALCULATIONS
Geotechnical report for Building site at Geruwa Gaunpalika, Pasupatinagar Ward no-8, Bardiya
1. INTRODUCTION
The report presents the detail geotechnical soil investigation works in order to prepare
the design of the building at Bardiya. The geotechnical investigation works comprise the
exploratory Drilling, in-situ field testing SPT/DCPT test, borehole logging, and collection
of samples and perform necessary tests on soil samples for detail information on
subsurface conditions and index properties of the soil strata. The work finally develops
safe bearing capacity of the foundation for the proposed building at Bardiya.
2. OBJECTIVES
This investigation works aim to carry out subsurface investigation and acquire soil
parameters required for the design of building with International standard and
norms.
3. SCOPE
The scope of work comprises the following activities:
3.1 Field investigation Program
 Boring
 Dynamic Cone Penetration Test /Standard Penetration Test
3.2 Laboratory investigations
 Moisture content
 Sieve analysis (coarse/fine grained soil)
 Atterberg limits test
 Direct shear test
All field and laboratory tests data sheets together with conclusion and recommendation
are included in this report.
4. FIELD INVESTIGATION
The field investigation was mainly consisted of three bore holes at site. The boreholes
BH-1/BH2/BH3 are spread over the area of the proposed building site . The drilling was
started on 2074/12/28 and ended on 2075/01/05. The boreholes reached the depth of
2
12m. The drilling work was performed with rotary drilling machine. Casings of 6-inch
diameter were used for purpose of protecting hole from collapsing by side fall or caving.
Standard Penetration Tests: It consists of driving a Split Spoon sampler with an

outside dia. of 50 mm into the soil at the base of borehole. Driving is accomplished by a
drop of hammer weighing 63.5 kg falling freely through a height of 750 mm onto the
drive head. First of all the spoon is driven 150mm into the soil at the bottom of the
borehole. It is then driven further 300mm and the number of blows (N values) required
to drive this distance is recorded. Due to the gravelly nature of the subsurface the SPT
was not possible and the test is replaced with Dynamic Cone Penetration Test (DCPT).
The assemblage of the test is similar to SPT; the DCPT bears a cone without sample
recovery.
Dynamic Cone Penetration Test (DCPT): It consists of driving a cone by blows of
hammers. The number of blows for driving the cone through a specified distance is a
measure of the dynamic cone resistance. Dynamic Cone Penetration test are performed
by a 50 mm cone. The driving energy is given by a 63.5 kg falling freely through a height
of 750 mm onto the drive head. First of all the cone is driven 100 mm into the soil at the
bottom of the bore hole. It is then driven further 200 mm and the number of blows (Ncbr
values) required to drive this distance is recorded. The result i.e., Nc values first
corrected to the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) value (N) and that provides and
estimation of degree of compaction of soil strata, values of angles of internal friction ()
and allowable bearing capacity. The dynamic cone resistance is correlated with the SPT
(N) as given below.
Nc = 1.5 N for depth up to 3 m
= 1.75 N for depth 3 to 6 m
= 2 N for depth greater than 6 m
The results of the SPT/DCPT test are shown in the respective bore hole logs; Annex-I.
The necessary samples for laboratory work are collected from the test pit.
3
5. NATURE OF SOIL STRATA

Altogether three boreholes were drilled. BH-1/BH2/BH3 . For BH1 borehole consisted
of brown Sandy gravel with mixed pebble material at layer between 0m to 4.5m in
depth and below this layer is the gravel and boulder layer upto the depth of 12m .
BH2/BH3 consists of sandy gravel layer upto depth of 5m and below this layer from 5 to
12 m is Gravel with pebble and cobble.
6. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
The selective samples from the pit of size 1.5 m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m depth and river channel
sample shall be taken wherever possible and the laboratory tests of samples would be
performed. Other tests comprised of natural moisture content, sieve analysis, atterberg
limits, specific gravity, and Direct shear test.
6.1. Water Content Test (Natural Moisture Content)

Natural moisture content test had been determined in accordance with ASTM D2216
(Oven –drying method) of soil samples.
6.2. Particle Size Analysis

Soil gradation is a classification of a coarse-grained soil that ranks the soil based on the
different particle sizes contained in the soil. Soil gradation is an important aspect of soil
mechanics and geotechnical engineering because it is an indicator of other engineering
properties such as compressibility, shear strength, and hydraulic conductivity. In a
design, the gradation of the in situ or on site soil often controls the design and ground
water drainage of the site. A poorly graded soil will have better drainage than a well
graded soil. Soil is graded as either well graded or poorly graded. Poorly graded soils
are further divided into uniformly-graded or gap-graded soils. Soil gradation is
determined by analyzing the results of a sieve analysis or a hydrometer analysis.
The process for grading a soil is in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification
System. Gradation of a soil is determined by reading the grain size distribution curve
produced from the results of laboratory tests on the soil.
4
a. Calculating the Coefficients of Uniformity and Curvature

Calculating the coefficients of uniformity and curvature requires grain diameters. The
grain diameter can be found for each percent of the soil passing a particular sieve. This
means that if 40% of the sample is retained on the No. 20 sieve then there is 60%
passing the No. 20 sieve.
The coefficient of uniformity, Cu is a crude shape parameter and is calculated using the
following equation:
where, D60 is the grain diameter at 60% passing, and

D10 is the grain diameter at 10% passing.
The coefficient of curvature, Cc is a shape parameter and is calculated using the
following equation:
where, D60 is the grain diameter at 60% passing, D30 is the grain diameter at 30%
passing, and D10 is the grain diameter at 10% passing.
Particle Size Distribution D50 is also known as the median diameter or the medium value
of the particle size distribution, it is the value of the particle diameter at 50% in the
cumulative distribution curve.
b. Criteria for Grading Soils
The following criteria are in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System:
For a gravel to be classified as well graded, the following criteria must be met: Cu > 4 &
1 < Cc < 3. If both of these criteria are met, the gravel is classified as well graded or GW.
If both of these criteria are not met, the gravel is classified as poorly graded or GP. For a
sand to be classified as well graded, the following criteria must be met: Cu > 6 & 1 < Cc <
3. If both of these criteria are met, the sand is classified as well graded or SW. If both of
these criteria are not met, the sand is classified as poorly graded or SP.
6.3. Atterberg Limits
The Atterberg limits are the basic measures of the nature of a fine-grained soil.
Depending on the water content of the soil, it may appear in four states: solid, semi-
5
solid, plastic and liquid. In each state the consistency and behavior of a soil is different
and thus so are its engineering properties.
The liquid limit (LL) is the water content at which a soil changes from plastic to liquid
behavior. Casagrande standardized the apparatus and the procedures to make the
measurement more repeatable. Soil is placed into the metal cup, portion of the device
and a groove is made down its center with a standardized tool of 13.5 millimeters
width. The cup is repeatedly dropped 10mm onto a hard rubber base at a rate of 120
blows per minute, during which the groove closes up gradually as a result of the impact.
The number of blows for the groove to close is recorded. The moisture content at which
it takes 25 drops of the cup to cause the groove to close over a distance of 13.5
millimeters is defined as the liquid limit. The test is normally run at several moisture
contents, and the moisture content which requires 25 blows to close the groove is
interpolated from the test results.
The plastic limit (PL) is the water content where soil transitions between brittle and
plastic behavior. The sample is rolled up to the diameter of 3 mm when it starts to
crumbles; the percentage of water content is recorded. The plastic limit test is defined
by ASTM standard test method D 4318.
 Classification of Soil
The soil samples are classified according to Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)
based on the laboratory tests i.e. gradation test and Atterberg limit test.
6.4. Direct Shear Test

This test is performed to determine the consolidated-drained shear strength of a sandy
to silty soil. The shear strength is one of the most important engineering properties of a
soil, because it is required whenever a structure is dependent on the soil’s shearing
resistance. The shear strength is needed for engineering situations such as determining
the stability of slopes or cuts, finding the bearing capacity for foundations, and
calculating the pressure exerted by a soil on a retaining wall.
6
Direct shear tests can be performed under several conditions. The sample is normally
saturated before the test is run, but can be run at the in-situ moisture content. The rate
of strain can be varied to create a test of undrained or drained conditions, depending
whether the strain is applied slowly enough for water in the sample to prevent pore-
water pressure build up. In the laboratory, a direct shear device will be used to
determine the shear strength of cohesion less soil (i.e. angle of internal friction (Φ)).
From the plot of the shear stress versus the horizontal displacement, the maximum
shear stress is obtained for a specific vertical confining stress. After the experiment is
run several times for various vertical-confining stresses, a plot of the maxi mum shear
stresses versus the vertical (normal) confining stresses for each of the tests is produced.
From the plot, a straight-line approximation of the Mohr-Coulomb failure envelope
curve can be drawn, Φ may be determined, and, for cohesion less soils, the shear
strength can be computed from the following equation:
τ=σtanΦ
7. EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION

7.1 Laboratory and Field Investigation Results
The results of physical and index properties of soil samples collected from various
depths are presented in the following test result summary sheet. The details of strength
properties of soil at different depth of drilled holes are also given in test result summary
sheet.
7
7.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure

When we design foundation, we must see that the structure is safe on following two
criteria;
 The supporting soil should be safe from shear failure due to the loads imposed
on it by the super structures,
 The settlement of the foundation must be within permissible limits
Hence, the allowable bearing pressure (qa) is the maximum pressure that can be
imposed on the foundation soil taking into consideration the ultimate bearing capacity
of the soil and the tolerable settlement of the structure. Since the soil in the vicinity of
the foundation level has been found to be sandy gravel with boulder at top layer and
rock strata below it at shallow depth, the allowable bearing capacity has been analyzed
using the N-values from results. Due to gravelly nature of sub-surface, the N-value
cannot be recorded. So, N-values were obtained from DCPT test. Thus obtained N values
were corrected for overburden as suggested by Peck et al. (1974) prior to bearing
capacity computation:
N corr  0.77 N rec log(2000 /  v ' ) (7.1)
Where,  v '  Effective Overburden pressure (KN/m2)
N rec  Recorded SPT value, N corr  Corrected SPT value
Dilatancy correction is to be applied when obtained after overburden correction,

exceeds 15 in saturated fine sands and silts. The standard incorporates the Terzaghi and
Peck recommended dilatancy correction (when > 15) using the equation
N= Nr (when Nr≤ 15) and N= 15+ (Nr-15)/2 (7.2)
Where, Nr= SPT Blows count from field
Considering the worst condition of water table at ground, suitable correction factor of
Rw1 and Rw2 (0.5) is used for getting the ultimate bearing capacity, assuming that the
whole depth is saturated. The following empirical equations are used for the open
foundation on granular soils (Teng 1988).
qult  2N 2 BRw1  6(100  N 2 ) DRw2 (7.3)
8
where, qult is net ultimate bearing pressure, psf; N, corrected standard penetration
resistance value; B, width of footing, ft; D, depth of footing, ft, and Rw1 and Rw2,
correction factor for position of water table. The allowable bearing pressure can be
obtained by applying factor of safety 3.
Similarly, the allowable bearing pressure for open/well foundation based on tolerable
settlement of 25 mm is given by the following empirical (Terzaghi and Peck, 1978)
relationship:
  B  1  D 
2


q a  720( N  3)  1  Rw'  (7.4)
   B 
  2 B    
where :qa = net allowable bearing pressure, psf,
N = SPT value corrected with respect to overburden
B = width of footing, ft
D = depth of footing, ft
Rw’ = water table correction factor for worst condition (0.5)
7.3 Bearing Capacity Calculation
From the equations 7.3 and 7.4, calculations were made which is summarized in Table
7.1 and sample calculation is given below.
Ultimate bearing capacity using Teng (1988) empirical formula for BH1 at 6m;
Foundation width, B = 6.6 ft
Depth of Foundation, D = 6.6 ft
Design N -value = 10
Water table correction factor = 0.5
qult = 2 x 102x6.6x0.5 + 6 (100+102)x6.6x0.5
= 4592 psf
=0.00488 x 4592 t/m2
= 22 t/m2
Allowable bearing pressure (FS = 3),
qa1 = qult/3
9
= 7.3t/m2
Similarly, the allowable bearing pressure for open/well foundation based on tolerable
settlement of 25 mm is given by the following empirical (Terzaghi and Peck, 1978)
relationship:
qa2 = 720 (10-3)x ((6.6 +1)/2x6.6)2x(1+6.6 /6.6)x0.5
= 1673.4psf
= 0.00488x1673.4ton/m2
= 8 ton/m2
Here, For 40mm settlement =(8/25)*40
=12.8 ton/m2
25 mm settlement is adopted.
7.4 Bore Pile Foundation Bearing Capacity Calculation

Bored pile is type of reinforced concrete pile which is used to support high building or
bridges that has heavy vertical load. Normally bored piling is done on those tall
buildings or massive industrial complexes, which require foundations which need to
bear the load of thousands of tons, most probably in unstable or difficult soil conditions.
For circular cross sectional pile, ultimate load capacity of pile using shear strength
parameters may calculated using the following formulae (Tomlinson 1957)
Ultimate pile resistance (𝑞ult) = 9 ∗ 𝐶U ∗ 𝑝𝑖 ∗ (𝑑/2)^2 + 𝛼 ∗ 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑣 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐿
pile base resistance= 9 ∗ 𝐶U ∗ 𝑝𝑖 ∗ (𝑑/2)^2
pile Shaft resistance = 𝛼 ∗ 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑣 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐿 *pi
𝑞ult =Ultimate load capacity of pile
𝑐u= un-drained shear strength (low value around the pile tip)
pi = 3.14159265
d = diameter of the pile
L = length of the pile(imbedded in the soil)

10
α = adhesion factor =0.7 ( due to high cohesiveness of peat, organic soil)
cuav = average undrained shear strength along the pile length
For co-relation of undrained shear strength(Cu) and SPT value(N) . Sivrikaya & Toğrol
(2002) has correlated the spt and undrained shear strength value of low plastic soil
with 4.85N where, N= number of blow count in the field.
Centre to centre distance would be 3D to 5D

(where, D is dia of pile) or depending upon site
condition. Group of four pile will support one
pole in the middle as shown in the figure. The
combine capacity of the piles are used to
increase the bearing load of the soil.
11
Bearing Pressure Calculation Sheet for Open Foundation/Mat foundation
Project: Soil Investigation Work at Bardia building site

Location:Bardia BH1/BH2/BH3 Water Table: 3m
S.N. Parameter Unit Values
1 Depth of Foundation D m 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0
ft 4.92 6.6 9.8 13.1
2 Width of Foundation B m 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
ft 4.92 4.92 4.92 4.92

Adopted SPT 'N' Value with
Ncorr. 10 15 20 30
overburden and dilatancy correction
4 Water Level correction, RW2 R w3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Water Level correction, RW1 RW1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
5 Ultimate Bearing Capacity, Qu psf 3444 5904 9348 19188
t/m2 16.5 28.3 44.8 91.9
6 Factor of Safety S 3 3 3 3
7 Allowable Bearing Capacity, Qa Qa t/m2 5.5 9.4 14.9 30.6

8 psf 1824.2 3127.3 4430.3 7036.4
Allowable Bearing Pressure based on
25mm settlement
t/m2 8.7 15 21.2 33.7
9 Allowable Bearing Pressure based on
t/m2 13.9 24 33.9 53.9
40mm tolarable settlement
Adopted Safe Bearing Capacity t/m2 5.5 9.4 14.9 30.6

Mat Foundation Bearing Capacity t/m2 11 18.8 29.8 61.2
12
7.5 Liquefaction
A liquefaction phenomenon is common in the earthquake prone area where local
geology is dominated by fine grain sitly sands. When fine or medium fine, saturated,
loose sand sediment is subjected to a sudden shaking the sediments will temporarily
liquefy. This phenomenon is termed as Liquefaction. When liquefaction takes place in a
particular soil, or whole of the bearing capacity of the soil disappears and the structure
built on it tilts or even sinks. The past great earthquakes, have shown that saturated
sandy soils in a loose to medium dense condition were liquefied during an earthquake
varying in magnitude from 5.5 to 8.5 (Richter scale) and epicenter distance of few
hundred kilometer. From the case studies, it is confirmed that liquefaction is the
potential characteristics of the soil which depends on the following:
a) If the soil contains less than 10 percent fines (Silt and Clay sizes)
b) If D60 is between 0.2mm and 1.0mm
c) If Cu (D60/D10) is between 2 and 5
d) If the SPT blow count per 30.0cm is less than 15
Based on the above criteria and the subsoil characteristics at all the boreholes, the sub
soil below the depth of 0.5m have ,medium potential for liquefaction in the study area.
13
8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The detail field and laboratory investigations of three boreholes have revealed mostly
material with sandy gravel and boulders with SM and GM soil types as per the Unified
Soil Classification System.
2. The Plasticity Index of the soil exist for soil layer does not exist.
3.The cohesion and angle of friction of the soil at BH-1, BH-2, BH3 are
BH1 BH2 BH3
PHI=33 PHI=36 PHI=30
C=0 C=2.9 C=2.4
4. Due to sandy gravel nature of the site, all the requtired foundation bearing capacity
are calculated. Analyzing the strata of soil it is appropriate for the design of the
open foundation/ Mat Foundation for building for residencial purpose.
5. Although the various bearing capacity has been calculated in the geotechnical table
for various depth, the foundation depth shall be adjusted based on load from
superstructures and site condition. Bearing capacity is given in table 7.1
6. The present study area lies in Bardiya district where Peak Ground Horizontal Acceleration
is around 100-200gal.
7. The potential of liquefaction is low to medium as the SPT count is high and fine content
percentage is also low with Cu (D60/D10) is between 2 and 5.
14
9. REFERENCE
a. Terzaghi and Peck, 1978; Peck et al. (1974); Teng (1988)
b. Bieniawski Z. T. The point load test in geotechnical practice, engineering geology

1977
c. ISRM: point load test ;RTH 325-89
d. ASTM standard test method D 4318
15
ANNEX-1 BORE HOLE LOG
Bore Hole Log
Project: Geotechnical soil investigation for Geruwa Bardiya Building Report Sheet no: 1 of 1
Client: Start Date: 28/12/2074
Location: Bardiya Gaun Palika, Ward no 8, Finish Date: 5/01/2075
Bore Hole:BH1 Easting:
Drilling Type:rotary Northing:
GW level: 6m Elevation:
Depth No of Blows
Depth Sample Barrel and Soil N Remar
Scale 1 cell
Casing
Soil Classification Type 15c 15c 15c value
m Run symbol k
= 0.5m m m m
0.5 0.5 R1 Top filling material grey to brown silty clay SPT 2 2 6 8
1
DCPT 9cm/50blow
2
3 DCPT 7cm/50blow
4
DCPT 7cm/50blow
5
6 DCPT 7cm/50blow
Grey to white coloured very dense sandy gravel
12 R2
with pebble and cobble with small boulders.
7
DCPT 5cm/50blow
8
9 DCPT 5cm/50blow
10
DCPT 5cm/50blow
11
12 DCPT 5cm/50blow
The borehole ended at the depth of 12m

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Logged by : Shyam bohora Driller:Shiva Baskota
Bore Hole Log
Depth No of Blows
Scale 1 cell
Casing
m Run symbol k
= 0.5m m m m
1
DCPT 9cm/50blow
2
3 DCPT 7cm/50blow
4
DCPT 7cm/50blow
5
6 DCPT 7cm/50blow
12 R2
7
DCPT 5cm/50blow
8
9 DCPT 5cm/50blow
10
DCPT 5cm/50blow
11
12 DCPT 5cm/50blow
13 The borehole ended at the depth of 12m
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Bore Hole Log
Depth No of Blows
Scale 1 cell
Casing
m Run symbol k
= 0.5m m m m
1
DCPT 9cm/50blow
2
3 DCPT 7cm/50blow
4
DCPT 7cm/50blow
5
6 DCPT 7cm/50blow
12 R2
7
DCPT 5cm/50blow
8
9 DCPT 5cm/50blow
10
DCPT 5cm/50blow
11
12 DCPT 5cm/50blow
13 The borehole ended at the depth of 12m
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
ANNEX -2 LABORATORY TEST SHEET AND
CALCULATIONS
MOISTURE CONTENT
Project Bardias building

Location Bardia Date of Sampled 28/12/2074
Date of Testing 05/01/2075
Test No. NMC
LOCATION:---> BH-01
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 4.5 6.0
Container No. No A-19 B-31 A-18 A-25 A-26 A-27
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Wet Soil gm 89.4 500.0 91.2 450.0 82.7 450.0
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Dry Soil gm 76.2 425.0 80.7 400.0 71.3 385.0
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 13.2 75.0 10.5 50.0 11.4 65.0
Wt. of Empty Container gm 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.6
Wt. of Dry Soil, Wd gm 69.8 418.6 74.3 393.6 64.7 378.4
Moisture Content % 18.9 17.9 14.1 12.7 17.6 17.2
Average Moisture Content % 18.4 13.4 17.4
LOCATION:---> BH-02
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 4.5 6.0
Container No. No P-12 P-22 P-23 P-24 P-25 P-26
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 11.3 76.0 10.9 76.0 10.3 61.0
MOISTURE CONTENT
Project Bardia building

Location Bardia Date of Sampled 28/07/2074
Date of Testing 01/08/2074
Test No. NMC
LOCATION:---> BH-03
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 3.0 4.5
Container No. No A-12 A-22 A-18 B-18 A-22 B-23
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 9.2 15.0 9.5 7.5 11.7 13.6
ATTERBERG LIMIT TEST
Project Soil Investigation Work ofBuilding at Bardia
Location , BH1 Date of test: 28/07/2074
Sample Description: Sandy gravel Date: of Sampled 30/07/2074
Sample No: BH-01 Sample Depth 1-12m
PLASTIC LIMIT
Container No. A-7 A-18 A-19 Analysis Data Result
Weight of Wet Soil + Container,g 0.00 0.00 % passing 0.425mm
Weight of Dry Soil + Container,g 0.00 0.00 % Passing 2mm
Weight of Water, g 0.00 0.00 % Passing 0.075mm -
Weight of container, g 3.96 4.00 Plasticity Index -
Weight of Dry Soil, g -3.96 -4.00 Plasticity Modules -
Water Content, W % 0.00 0.00 Liquid Limit, WL = 0.00
Average % 0.00 Plastic Limit, WP= 0.00
LIQUID LIMIT Plasticity Index,PI= 0.00
Number of Blows 17 25 31
Container No 1 2 3
Weight of Wet Soil + Container,g 0.00 0.00 0.00
Weight of Dry Soil + Container,g 0 0 0
Weight of Water, g 0.00 0.00 0.00
Weight of Container, g 6.40 6.26 6.40
Weight of Dry soil, g -6.40 -6.26 -6.40
Water Content, W % 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.0
1 10 100
0.9
0.8
0.7
Water Content, %
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
Number of Blows
Location BH2, Date of test: 28/12/2074
PLASTIC LIMIT
Container No 1 2 3
Water Content, W % 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.0
1 10 100
0.9
0.8
0.7
Water Content, %
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
Number of Blows
Location BH3, Date of test: 28/07/2074
PLASTIC LIMIT
Container No 1 2 3
Water Content, W % 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.0
1 10 100
0.9
0.8
0.7
Water Content, %
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
Number of Blows
Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)
Sheet No: 1 of 2
Project: Bardia Building Sample ID: BH01-2-3

Location: Bardia BH1/BH2/BH3 Sampled Date: 28/12/2074
Easting: Northing: Tested Date: 05/01/2075
Sample from:
Sample Depth: 0-3 m
Original Sample Wt. gm: 600.0 Oven Dry Wt.: 300.0 gm
Wt. Retained, Cum. Retained, Cum Wt.

Diam. (mm) Sieve No. Passing, % Remarks
gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
12.5 1/2 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
9.5 3/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
4.75 #4 41.2 41.2 13.7 86.3
2.36 #8 12.3 53.5 17.8 82.2
1.18 # 16 19.5 73.0 24.3 75.7
0.3 # 50 88.7 161.7 53.9 46.1
0.15 #100 124.3 286.0 95.3 4.7
0.075 #200 12.2 298.2 99.4 0.6
Pan 3.8
Results:
Gravel % 13.7 D10 = 0.1800
Sand % 85.7 D30 = 0.2100
Fines % Silt 0.4 D50 = 0.3500
Fines % Clay 0.2 D60 = 0.5000
Coefficient of Uniformity (Cu) = D60/D10 = 2.78
2
Coefficient of Curvature (Cc) = (D30)^ /(D60*D10)= 0.49
HYDROMETER ANALYSIS ASTM D 422
Project : Bardia Building Sample ID: BH01-2-3

Location: Bardia Sampled Date: 28/12/2074
Sample from: 0 Tested Date: 5/01/2075
Test No.: H2 Tested By : 0
Checked By: 0
Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81
yc = 0.9965 SOIL SAMPLE WEIGHT
Tested Sample Poured off
Hydrometer No : 1 Container No. B-16

Dispersing Agent : Sodium HM 4% Weight of Container + Dry Soil g 106.8
Amount : 5 g per 125 cc Weight of Container g 56.8
Meniscus correction x 1,000= 0.50 Weight of Dry Soil, Ws g 50
Total Weight Dry Soil g 50
Fraction Finer No. 200 Sieve= 0.6 %
Elapsed N= D=
Date Time Hyd. Time, t R= Rw = Temp. R-Rw K1(R-Rw) Rc Zr Zr (cm) K2 Zr N'
0
Reading min 1000 (r-1) 1000(yw-1) c % cm. t (min) t %
2-Mar 1.02350 0.25 23.50 -0.90 15 24.40 81.05 24.00 11.08 6.656 0.0941 0.5
1.02250 0.50 22.50 -0.90 15 23.40 77.73 23.00 11.41 4.778 0.0675 0.5
1.02200 1.00 22.00 -0.90 15 22.90 76.07 22.50 11.58 3.403 0.0481 0.5
1.02150 2.00 21.50 -0.90 16 22.40 74.41 22.00 11.75 2.424 0.0343 0.4
1.02100 3.00 21.00 -0.90 16 21.90 72.74 21.50 8.81 1.714 0.0242 0.4
1.01950 5.00 19.50 -0.90 16 20.40 67.76 20.00 9.32 1.365 0.0193 0.4
1.01800 8.00 18.00 -0.90 16 18.90 62.78 18.50 9.83 1.108 0.0157 0.4
1.01750 15.00 17.50 -0.90 18 18.40 61.12 18.00 10.00 0.816 0.0115 0.4
1.01700 30.00 17.00 -0.90 18 17.90 59.46 17.50 10.17 0.582 0.0082 0.4
1.01600 60.00 16.00 -0.90 18 16.90 56.14 16.50 10.50 0.418 0.0059 0.3
1.01500 120.00 15.00 -0.90 18 15.90 52.81 15.50 10.84 0.301 0.0042 0.3
1.01200 240.00 12.00 -0.90 18 12.90 42.85 12.50 11.86 0.222 0.0031 0.3
6/4 1.00800 1200.00 8.00 -0.90 16 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.105 0.0015 0.2
K1 = yc x Gs x 100 = 3.32166667 yc = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of hydrometer

(Gs - 1) Ws calibration, g/cm3
Gs = Specific gravity of solids
Ws = Wt. Of dry soil, g
K2 = 5.531 x 10-3 m= 0.01413278 m= Viscosity of water at the temp. of the test,
ys-yw millipoises
ys = Unit Wt. of soil grains, g/cm3
yw = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of the test, g/cm3

Sample Depth: 0-3 m Tested Date: 0
Checked By : 0
GRAVEL SAND
Unified Soil Classification COBBLES SILT or CLAY
System Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine
A A S H T O Classification GRAVEL SAND SILT CLAY

BOULDERS Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Fine
GRAVEL SAND
ASTM Classification BOULDER COBBLE SILT CLAY
Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine
BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDER COBBLE CLAY
Classification Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine
100
90
80
70
Percentage passing
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
Sheet No: 1 of 2
Project: Bardia Building Sample ID: BH01-2-3

Sample from:
Sample Depth: 3-8 m

gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
12.5 1/2 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
9.5 3/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
4.75 #4 47.5 47.5 15.8 84.2
2.36 #8 14.1 61.6 20.5 79.5
1.18 # 16 17.4 79.0 26.3 73.7
0.3 # 50 104.7 183.7 61.2 38.8
0.15 #100 98.2 281.9 94.0 6.0
0.075 #200 17.1 299.0 99.7 0.3
Pan 0.0
Results:
Gravel % 15.8 D10 = 0.1800
Sand % 83.8 D30 = 0.2500
Fines % Silt 0.2 D50 = 0.4500
Fines % Clay 0.1 D60 = 0.6500
2

Test No.: H3 Tested By : 0
Checked By: 0
Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81

Elapsed N= D=
0
2-Mar 1.02350 0.25 23.50 -0.90 15 24.40 81.05 24.00 11.08 6.656 0.0941 0.3
1.02250 0.50 22.50 -0.90 15 23.40 77.73 23.00 11.41 4.778 0.0675 0.3
1.02200 1.00 22.00 -0.90 15 22.90 76.07 22.50 11.58 3.403 0.0481 0.3
1.02150 2.00 21.50 -0.90 16 22.40 74.41 22.00 11.75 2.424 0.0343 0.2
1.02100 3.00 21.00 -0.90 16 21.90 72.74 21.50 8.81 1.714 0.0242 0.2
1.01950 5.00 19.50 -0.90 16 20.40 67.76 20.00 9.32 1.365 0.0193 0.2
1.01800 8.00 18.00 -0.90 16 18.90 62.78 18.50 9.83 1.108 0.0157 0.2
1.01750 15.00 17.50 -0.90 18 18.40 61.12 18.00 10.00 0.816 0.0115 0.2
1.01700 30.00 17.00 -0.90 18 17.90 59.46 17.50 10.17 0.582 0.0082 0.2
1.01600 60.00 16.00 -0.90 18 16.90 56.14 16.50 10.50 0.418 0.0059 0.2
1.01500 120.00 15.00 -0.90 18 15.90 52.81 15.50 10.84 0.301 0.0042 0.2
1.01200 240.00 12.00 -0.90 18 12.90 42.85 12.50 11.86 0.222 0.0031 0.1
6/4 1.00800 1200.00 8.00 -0.90 16 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.105 0.0015 0.1

ys-yw millipoises

Sample Depth: 3-8 m Tested Date: 0
Checked By : 0
GRAVEL SAND

GRAVEL SAND
BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDER COBBLE CLAY
100
90
80
70
Percentage passing
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
Sheet No: 1 of 2
Project: Bardia Building Sample ID: BH02-8.0-12.0

Sample from:
Sample Depth: 8.0-12.0 m

gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
12.5 1/2 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
9.5 3/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
4.75 #4 22.1 22.1 7.4 92.6
2.36 #8 17.2 39.3 13.1 86.9
1.18 # 16 21.4 60.7 20.2 79.8
0.3 # 50 84.1 144.8 48.3 51.7
0.15 #100 133.7 278.5 92.8 7.2
0.075 #200 19.3 297.8 99.3 0.7
Pan 0.0
Results:
Gravel % 7.4 D10 = 0.1800
Sand % 91.9 D30 = 0.2000
Fines % Silt 0.5 D50 = 0.3000
Fines % Clay 0.2 D60 = 0.4000
2
Project : Bardia Building Sample ID: BH02-8.0-12.0

Test No.: DH 02-H2 Tested By : 0
Checked By: 0
Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81

Elapsed N= D=
0
2-Mar 1.02350 0.25 23.50 -0.90 15 24.40 81.05 24.00 11.08 6.656 0.0941 0.6
1.02250 0.50 22.50 -0.90 15 23.40 77.73 23.00 11.41 4.778 0.0675 0.6
1.02200 1.00 22.00 -0.90 15 22.90 76.07 22.50 11.58 3.403 0.0481 0.6
1.02150 2.00 21.50 -0.90 16 22.40 74.41 22.00 11.75 2.424 0.0343 0.5
1.02100 3.00 21.00 -0.90 16 21.90 72.74 21.50 8.81 1.714 0.0242 0.5
1.01950 5.00 19.50 -0.90 16 20.40 67.76 20.00 9.32 1.365 0.0193 0.5
1.01800 8.00 18.00 -0.90 16 18.90 62.78 18.50 9.83 1.108 0.0157 0.5
1.01750 15.00 17.50 -0.90 18 18.40 61.12 18.00 10.00 0.816 0.0115 0.4
1.01700 30.00 17.00 -0.90 18 17.90 59.46 17.50 10.17 0.582 0.0082 0.4
1.01600 60.00 16.00 -0.90 18 16.90 56.14 16.50 10.50 0.418 0.0059 0.4
1.01500 120.00 15.00 -0.90 18 15.90 52.81 15.50 10.84 0.301 0.0042 0.4
1.01200 240.00 12.00 -0.90 18 12.90 42.85 12.50 11.86 0.222 0.0031 0.3
6/4 1.00800 1200.00 8.00 -0.90 16 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.105 0.0015 0.2

ys-yw millipoises
Project : Bardia Building Sample ID: BH02-8.0-12.0

Sample Depth: 8.0-12.0 m Tested Date: 0
Checked By : 0
GRAVEL SAND

GRAVEL SAND
BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDER COBBLE CLAY
100
90
80
70
Percentage passing
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
DIRECT SHEAR TEST, ASTM D 3080
Project : Soil Investigation Work of Building at bardiya Date: 05/01/2075
Location : Bardiya Drill Hole: BH 01
Material Description : sandy gravel with trace of clay Sample ID: BH1-0-3m
Depth(mtr.) : 0-3m
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 175 176 173.8 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 172 170 170 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 3 6 3.8 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.8 12.3 14 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 159.2 157.7 156
Water Content. W. % 1.9 3.8 2.4
SOIL SPECIMENT MEASUREMENTS

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
Weight of wet Soil +
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
Weight of dry Soil +
g 130.0 129.0 127.0
Container
Weight of wet Soil g 210.0 211.0 213.0
Wet Unit Weight, Kn/m3 22.9 23.0 23.2
Dry Unit Weight yd =
Kn/m3 22.5 22.2 22.7
100*yT/(100+W)
Normal Load (σn) 50 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 100 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 200 KN/m2
Strain Dial div Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress
Load Reading Dial
KN/m2 Dial KN/m2 Dial KN/m2
0.25 14.0 13.44 0 0.0 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 9.0 8.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 19.0 18.24 11.0 10.6 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 14.0 13.4 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 18.0 17.3 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 20.0 19.2 80.0 76.8
1.75 33.0 31.68 21.0 20.2 90.0 86.4
2.00 35.0 33.6 23.0 22.1 95.0 91.2
2.50 39.0 37.44 25.0 24.0 100.0 96.0
3.00 0 29.0 27.8 110.0 105.6
3.50 0 33.0 31.7 120.0 115.2
4.00 0 37.0 35.5 125.0 120.0
4.50 0 41.0 39.4 130.0 124.8
5.00 0 44.0 42.2 0.0 0.0
5.50 0 46.0 44.2 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 51.0 49.0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 52.0 49.9 0.0
7.00 0 52.0 49.9 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
Tested By : Checked By:
DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 BH1-0-3m
Project : Soil Investigation Work of Building at bardiya

Location : Bardiya Date: 05/01/2075
Depth(mtr.) : 0-3m
SHEAR STRESS VS NORMAL STRESS

300.0
250.0
200.0
f = Shear Stress kN/m2
150.0
y = 0.6062x
100.0
C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=
0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250
n = Normal Stress kN/m2
Result:
Angle of Internal friction (f) : 33.0

Cohesion (C) kN/m2 : 0.0
Material Description : sandy gravel with trace of clay Sample ID: BH1- 3-8m
Depth(mtr.) : 3-8m
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 175.00 176.00 173.80 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 164.39 169.70 165.90 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 10.61 6.30 7.90 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.80 12.30 14.00 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 151.59 157.40 151.90
Water Content. W. % 7.00 4.00 5.20

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
g 130.0 133.0 135.0
Container
Kn/m3 21.4 21.7 21.2
100*yT/(100+W)
Load Reading Dial
0.25 18.0 17.28 32 30.7 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 35.0 33.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 20.0 19.2 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 51.0 49.0 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 33.0 31.68 69.0 66.2 96.0 92.2
2.00 38.0 36.48 70.0 67.2 100.0 96.0
2.50 0 72.0 69.1 112.0 107.5
3.00 0 0.0 115.0 110.4
3.50 0 0.0 120.0 115.2
4.00 0 0.0 125.0 120.0
4.50 0 0.0 130.0 124.8
5.00 0 0.0 135.0 129.6
5.50 0 0.0 138.0 132.5
6.00 0 0.0 140.0 134.4
6.50 0 0.0 145.0 139.2
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 BH1- 3-8m

Material Description : sandy silty clay Sample ID: BH1- 3-8m
Depth(mtr.) : 3-8m

300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
y = 0.6871x + 1.44
100.0
50.0 C = 14 KN/m2
ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=
0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Result:

Material Description : Sandy Gravel with clay Sample ID: BH2-0-3m
Depth(mtr.) : 0-3.0m
Test No 1 2 3
Weight Dry Soil g 160.12 158.93 151.90
Water Content. W. % 1.30 3.00 5.20

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
g 130.0 133.0 135.0
Container
Kn/m3 22.6 21.9 21.2
100*yT/(100+W)
Load Reading Dial
0.25 18.0 17.28 32 30.7 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 35.0 33.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 20.0 19.2 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 51.0 49.0 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 33.0 31.68 69.0 66.2 102.0 97.9
2.00 38.0 36.48 72.0 69.1 112.0 107.5
2.50 42.0 40.32 75.0 72.0 115.0 110.4
3.00 0 0.0 120.0 115.2
3.50 0 0.0 125.0 120.0
4.00 0 0.0 130.0 124.8
4.50 0 0.0 135.0 129.6
5.00 0 0.0 140.0 134.4
5.50 0 0.0 150.0 144.0
6.00 0 0.0 153.0 146.9
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 BH2-0-3m

Material Description : Sandy silty clay Sample ID: BH2-0-3m
Depth(mtr.) : 0-3.0m

300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
y = 0.7159x + 2.88
100.0
C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=
0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Result:

Material Description : Sandy Gravel with clay Sample ID: BH2-3-8m
Depth(mtr.) : 3-8m
Test No 1 2 3
Weight Dry Soil g 151.59 151.57 153.65
Water Content. W. % 7.00 8.00 4.00

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
g 138.2 133.0 135.0
Container
Kn/m3 20.6 20.9 21.5
100*yT/(100+W)
Load Reading Dial
0.25 18.0 17.28 32 30.7 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 35.0 33.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 20.0 19.2 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 51.0 49.0 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 33.0 31.68 69.0 66.2 102.0 97.9
2.00 38.0 36.48 72.0 69.1 112.0 107.5
2.50 0 75.0 72.0 115.0 110.4
3.00 0 0.0 120.0 115.2
3.50 0 0.0 125.0 120.0
4.00 0 0.0 130.0 124.8
4.50 0 0.0 135.0 129.6
5.00 0 0.0 140.0 134.4
5.50 0 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 BH2-3-8m

Material Description : Sandy silty clay Sample ID: BH2-3-8m
Depth(mtr.) : 3-8m

300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
y = 0.6487x + 5.28
100.0
C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=
0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Result:

Depth(mtr.) : 0-3m
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 175 176 173.8 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 172 170 170 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 3 6 3.8 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.8 12.3 14 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 159.2 157.7 156
Water Content. W. % 1.9 3.8 2.4

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
g 130.0 129.0 127.0
Container
Kn/m3 22.5 22.2 22.7
100*yT/(100+W)
Load Reading Dial
0.25 14.0 13.44 0 0.0 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 9.0 8.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 19.0 18.24 11.0 10.6 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 14.0 13.4 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 18.0 17.3 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 20.0 19.2 80.0 76.8
1.75 33.0 31.68 21.0 20.2 90.0 86.4
2.00 35.0 33.6 23.0 22.1 95.0 91.2
2.50 39.0 37.44 25.0 24.0 100.0 96.0
3.00 0 29.0 27.8 110.0 105.6
3.50 0 33.0 31.7 120.0 115.2
4.00 0 37.0 35.5 125.0 120.0
4.50 0 41.0 39.4 0.0
5.00 0 44.0 42.2 0.0 0.0
5.50 0 46.0 44.2 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 51.0 49.0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 52.0 49.9 0.0
7.00 0 52.0 49.9 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 BH3-0-3m

Depth(mtr.) : 0-3m

300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
y = 0.5719x + 2.4
100.0
C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=
0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Result:

Depth(mtr.) : 3-8m
Test No 1 2 3
Weight Dry Soil g 151.59 157.40 151.90
Water Content. W. % 7.00 4.00 5.20

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
g 130.0 133.0 135.0
Container
Kn/m3 21.4 21.7 21.2
100*yT/(100+W)
Load Reading Dial
0.25 18.0 17.28 32 30.7 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 35.0 33.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 20.0 19.2 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 51.0 49.0 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 33.0 31.68 69.0 66.2 96.0 92.2
2.00 38.0 36.48 70.0 67.2 100.0 96.0
2.50 0 72.0 69.1 112.0 107.5
3.00 0 0.0 115.0 110.4
3.50 0 0.0 120.0 115.2
4.00 0 0.0 125.0 120.0
4.50 0 0.0 130.0 124.8
5.00 0 0.0 135.0 129.6
5.50 0 0.0 138.0 132.5
6.00 0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 BH3-3-8m

Material Description : sandy silty clay Sample ID: BH3-3-8m
Depth(mtr.) : 3-8m

300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
y = 0.6391x + 4.8
100.0
50.0 C = 14 KN/m2
ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=
0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Result:

Bearing Pressure Calculation Sheet for Open Foundation/Mat foundation
Project: Soil Investigation Work at Bardia building site

Location:Bardia BH1/BH2/BH3 Water Table: 3m
S.N. Parameter Unit Values
1 Depth of Foundation D m 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0
ft 4.92 6.6 9.8 13.1
2 Width of Foundation B m 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
ft 4.92 4.92 4.92 4.92

Adopted SPT 'N' Value with overburden
Ncorr. 10 15 20 30
and dilatancy correction
4 Water Level correction, RW2 R w3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Water Level correction, RW1 RW1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
5 Ultimate Bearing Capacity, Qu psf 3444 5904 9348 19188
t/m2 16.5 28.3 44.8 91.9
6 Factor of Safety S 3 3 3 3
7 Allowable Bearing Capacity, Qa Qa t/m2 5.5 9.4 14.9 30.6

8 psf 1824.2 3127.3 4430.3 7036.4
Allowable Bearing Pressure based on
25mm settlement
t/m2 8.7 15 21.2 33.7
9 Allowable Bearing Pressure based on
t/m2 13.9 24 33.9 53.9
40mm tolarable settlement
Adopted Safe Bearing Capacity t/m2 5.5 9.4 14.9 30.6

Mat Foundation Bearing Capacity t/m2 11 18.8 29.8 61.2
ANNEX 3: SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
Annex -3 Site Photographs
Plate 1 Drilling work continue at BH- 01 Plate 2 SPT Sample at BH-01 at 3m
With
Plate:4 Drilling in progress at depth of 4.5m

Plate 3 SPT at the depth of 1.50m.
Plate 5 BH3 at depth of 4.50m Plate:6 SPT at 4.5m

Bardiya Soil Report

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FINAL REPORT

AGNI BORING & SOILTEST PVT LTD

3.1 Field investigation Program ............................................................................................. 2

3.2 Laboratory investigations ................................................................................................ 2

4. FIELD INVESTIGATION ........................................................................................................ 2

5. NATURE OF SOIL STRATA................................................................................................ 4

6.1. Water Content Test (Natural Moisture Content) ........................................................... 4

6.2. Particle Size Analysis ....................................................................................................... 4

6.3. Atterberg Limits .............................................................................................................. 5

6.4. Direct Shear Test ............................................................................................................. 6

7. EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION ....................................................... 7

7.1 Laboratory and Field Investigation Results...................................................................... 7

7.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure ............................................................................................. 8

7.3 Bearing Capacity Calculation ........................................................................................... 9

7.4 Bore Pile Foundation Bearing Capacity Calculation....................................................... 10

7.5 Liquefaction ................................................................................................................... 13

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................. 14

ANNEX 1: BORE HOLE LOG

Standard Penetration Tests: It consists of driving a Split Spoon sampler with an

5. NATURE OF SOIL STRATA

6.1. Water Content Test (Natural Moisture Content)

6.2. Particle Size Analysis

a. Calculating the Coefficients of Uniformity and Curvature

where, D60 is the grain diameter at 60% passing, and

6.4. Direct Shear Test

7. EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION

7.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure

Where,  v '  Effective Overburden pressure (KN/m2)

N rec  Recorded SPT value, N corr  Corrected SPT value

Dilatancy correction is to be applied when obtained after overburden correction,

Foundation width, B = 6.6 ft

Depth of Foundation, D = 6.6 ft

Water table correction factor = 0.5

qult = 2 x 102x6.6x0.5 + 6 (100+102)x6.6x0.5

=0.00488 x 4592 t/m2

Allowable bearing pressure (FS = 3),

qa2 = 720 (10-3)x ((6.6 +1)/2x6.6)2x(1+6.6 /6.6)x0.5

Here, For 40mm settlement =(8/25)*40

7.4 Bore Pile Foundation Bearing Capacity Calculation

Ultimate pile resistance (𝑞ult) = 9 ∗ 𝐶U ∗ 𝑝𝑖 ∗ (𝑑/2)^2 + 𝛼 ∗ 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑣 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐿

pile base resistance= 9 ∗ 𝐶U ∗ 𝑝𝑖 ∗ (𝑑/2)^2

pile Shaft resistance = 𝛼 ∗ 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑣 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐿 *pi

𝑞ult =Ultimate load capacity of pile

d = diameter of the pile

L = length of the pile(imbedded in the soil)

α = adhesion factor =0.7 ( due to high cohesiveness of peat, organic soil)

cuav = average undrained shear strength along the pile length

Centre to centre distance would be 3D to 5D

Bearing Pressure Calculation Sheet for Open Foundation/Mat foundation

Project: Soil Investigation Work at Bardia building site

S.N. Parameter Unit Values

1 Depth of Foundation D m 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0

ft 4.92 6.6 9.8 13.1

2 Width of Foundation B m 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

ft 4.92 4.92 4.92 4.92

Water Level correction, RW1 RW1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

5 Ultimate Bearing Capacity, Qu psf 3444 5904 9348 19188

t/m2 16.5 28.3 44.8 91.9

7 Allowable Bearing Capacity, Qa Qa t/m2 5.5 9.4 14.9 30.6

Adopted Safe Bearing Capacity t/m2 5.5 9.4 14.9 30.6

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

PHI=33 PHI=36 PHI=30