Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Marine Hydrodynamics II

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Bernoulli Equation

Assumptions:
•Irrotational
•Inviscid
•Steady
•Incompressible

p V2
+z+ = Const Daniel Bernoulli


(1700-1782)
2g

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Bernoulli’s Equation Applications

• Example 1 : External flows

• Example 2: Internal flows

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 Case1 : Problem Statement : It is required to find the pressure P at
any point on the circular
Marine cylinder surface immersed inII
Hydrodynamics uniform flow
y

MM447 M.A. Kotb

P(q)
a
p q x
V

upstream downstream
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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Solution
p V2
+z+ = Const
 2g
Apply BE between a point
upstream and any point q p
on the cylinder surface q
V
p(q ) V 2 (q ) p
2
V
+ z (q ) + = + z +
 2g  2g
but z = z (q ) so

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Hence

p(q ) V 2 (q ) p V
2
+ = +
 2g  2g
p (q ) V V 2 (q )
2
p
= + −
  2g 2g
1
(
p(q ) = p +  V − V 2 (q )
2
2
)
or
1
(
p (q ) = p +  V − V 2 (q )
2
2
)
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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

hence
1
(
p (q ) = p +  V − V 2 (q )
2
2
) a
P(q)

Vtotal
But we have q

V (q ) = 2V sin (q )

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Substitute
1
( )
p (q ) = p +  V − V 2 (q )
2
2

a
P(q)

Vtotal
1
2

p(q ) = p +  V − (2V sin q )
2 2
 q

1
 (
p(q ) = p +  V − 4V sin 2 q
2
2 2
)
1
 ( )
p(q ) = p +  V 1 − 4 sin 2 q
2
2

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Rewrite
P(q)
1
(
p (q ) = p + V 1 − 4 sin 2 q
2
) a
2 Vtotal
q
Define
p(q ) − p
C p (q ) =
1
V 2

2
Where Cp is termed pressure coefficient

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Substitute p(q) expression in the Cp definition
Cp(q)
p(q ) − p
C p (q ) = a
0.5V
2

Vtotal
q
1
(
p + V 1 − 4 sin 2 q − p
2
)
C p (q ) = 2
0.5V
2

Reducing

C p (q ) = 1 − 4 sin 2 q

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Plot Cp(q) versus angular position
Cp(q)
C p (q ) = 1 − 4 sin q 2

a
Vtotal
1.5
1
q
0.5
0
0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360
-0.5
Cp

-1
-1.5
-2
-2.5
-3
-3.5
Theta(deg.)

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Plot Cp(q) versus angular position
Cp(q)
a
Vtotal
q

C p (q ) = 1 − 4 sin 2 q

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Pipeline flows

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 EGL and HGL
Alexandria University M.A. Kotb
Internal Flows

P V2
+ +z V2
 2g p2

p1 Q
V1
z2
z1

Datum

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Recall

p V2
+z+ = Const
 2g
Apply BE between 1 and 2
2 2
p1 V1 p2 V2
+ z1 + = + z2 +
 2g  2g

but V1 = V2
p1 p2
Hence + z1 = + z2
 

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

2 2
p1 V p V p1 p2
+ z1 + 1 = 2 + z2 + 2 + z1 = + z2
 2g  2g  

2
P1=30 kPa

300 Datum

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 Marine Hydrodynamics II

MM447 M.A. Kotb

Thank you …….!!!!!

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