Professional Documents
Culture Documents
and Political
Reforms
Prof. Dr. Julio C. Teehankee
Member, Consultative
Committee to Review the
1987 Constitution
295
Central Calabarzon
Luzon Bicol
20 15
21
Metro
Western Mimaropa Central
Manila Visayas 11 Visayas
31 12 10
The State shall ensure the development and strengthening of political parties as
mechanisms of citizen representation and democratic governance.
a) Every political party shall be registered with the c) Financial and other kinds of contributions
Commission on Elections which shall ensure that intended to directly or indirectly influence the
the political party has duly adopted democratic electoral outcome coming from foreign
program and platform of government. governments and their agencies, and criminal
sources, and given to political parties and their
b) Religious denominations and sects shall not be affiliated organizations, political coalitions, or
registered. Parties which seek to achieve their goals candidates are prohibited, and, when accepted,
through violence or unlawful means, or refuse to shall be an additional ground for the cancellation
uphold and adhere to this Constitution, or which are of their registration with the Commission on
supported by any foreign government shall Elections, without prejudice to other penalties that
likewise be refused registration. may be prescribed by law.
Strengthening of Political Parties: Party Administration
The State shall promote the development of political parties as democratic public
institutions.
a) Political parties shall be freely established and open c) Political parties shall observe fair, honest, and
to all citizens who share the same party program, democratic processes in nominating and
adhere to the party constitution, and practice selecting party officials and candidates for public
party discipline. office that will include the marginalized and
underrepresented sectors of society.
b) Political parties shall develop and institutionalize
democratic system of internal decision-making d) Political parties shall assist in democratic public
and allow for active citizen participation. education and promotion of democratic values in
society.
The State shall assist in ensuring strong and cohesive political parties.
a) Any member of a political party elected to public d) Any change in the membership of any political
office is prohibited from changing political party arising from a violation of the abovementioned
parties within their term of office. provisions shall be reported to the Commission
on Elections.
b) Any candidate for public office or any official of a
political party is prohibited from changing political e) No political party shall nominate more
parties within two years immediately after an candidates than the number of persons required
election and two years before the succeeding to be voted for in an elective position nor shall
election. any candidate be allowed to accept nominations
from more than one registered political party,
except in cases of aggrupations or coalitions
c) Any political party is prohibited from accepting
thereof.
any of the persons above referred to. Any violation
thereof shall be a ground for the cancellation of its
registration.
Issues of the Party List System
Donors
Citizens
Recipients
Candidates Government Parties
Corporations
•Great powers to be
shared with regions
•The political elites should
give a part of their
advantage
•Everyone should begin
from the same starting line
•A heroic moment