VHVI BASE OILS AND WHITE OILS

FROM FUELS HYDROCRACKER

BOTTOMS
H.Y. Sung (SK Corporation)
S.H. Kwon (SK Corporation)
J.P. Andre (Raytheon E&C)

ASIA FUELS & LUBES CONFERENCE

(JAN. 25~28, 2000)
 CONTENTS

I . REFINERY OVERVIEW

II. UCO TECHNOLOGY

III. 1ST UPGRADING PROJECT

IV. 2ND UPGRADING PROJECT

V. SUMMARY
 I. REFINERY OVERVIEW

C4-
MEROX G/C
Light
Naph
MEROX
Hvy-Naph
U/F REFORMER
KERO
CDU S/B MEROX
CRUDE
OIL
LGO
MDU

AR
MTBE/
Alkylation
RHDS RFCC
HCR UCO
LBO
VGO
VDU VRDS
VR

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 II. UCO Technology

A. HCR Scheme without Lube Process

Conversion : 99.5%
Volume Increase : 115%
Pass Conversion : 60%

LPG

Vacuum VGO Hydro Hydro NAPH(L/N,H/N)

AR Product
Distil’n Treating Cracking
35,000B/D Frac’r KEROSENE
Unit Reactor Reactor
DIESEL

VRDS UCO
15,000B/D
ASPHALT
5,000B/D 20,000B/D

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 II. UCO Technology

B. Scheme with Lube Process (HCR +LBO)

Conversion : 100wt%
Volume Increase : 115%
Pass Conversion : 60%

LPG
AR
Vacuum VGO Hydro Hydro NAPH
Product
Distil’n Treating Cracking
35,000B/D Frac’r KEROSENE
Unit Reactor Reactor
DIESEL
10,000B/D 5,000B/D 20,000B/D
15,000B/D
UCO

70D 70N
Vacuum 100D Hydro Hydro 100N VHVI
Product
Distil’n Dewaxing Finishing BASE
150D
Frac’r 150N OILS
Unit Reactor Reactor

5,000B/D

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 II. UCO Technology

C. Scheme Of Vacuum Distillation Unit

Excess Distillates
HT HC
VGO Recycle Oil S
Surge Drum

70D

100D

150D
UCO

Reactor Fractionator Unconverted Distillation Intermediate

Oil Storage

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 II. UCO Technology

D. Scheme Of Catalytic Dewaxing Unit

Off Gas
BFW
W/W
R/G Comp. Naphtha
H
P
M/U H2
S
Distillate
Q/G Q/G LTS

V
S

V
HTS D
Waxy Oil Lube
Product
HDW Rx HDF Rx Separator High Pressure Vacuum Stripper
Stripper

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 II. UCO Technology

E. High Quality Base Oil from HCR BTM

Properties YUBASE lubricants advantages

Less VII
Less deposit formation
Very High Viscosity Index
Better wear resistance
Better low temperature fluidity

Low Volatility Lower oil consumption

Excellent Oxidation Stability Longer oil life

YUBASE produced by the UCO lube process has many desirable properties as lube base oils over
those produced by conventional processes.
YUBASE is VHVI (Very High Viscosity Index) base oil because of inherent VI being above 120.

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 II. UCO Technology

F. Economical in terms of Investment and Operating costs

Conventional
UCO process(1)
process(2)
Investment cost.
80 160
Million $(US) (3)

Operation cost, (4)

21.8 39.9
$(US)/bbl product

•(1) excludes Fuels Hydrocracker

•(2) Includes vacuum distillation, solvent extraction, solvent de-waxing
•(3) US Gulf Coast, 1998
•(4) Includes utilities, chemicals, labor, depreciation, maintenance,
taxes, insurance and overhead, 15% return on investment

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 II. UCO Technology

G. Typical Feed & Product Properties

Feed Propertes(UCO) Product Properties

API 38.2 Yubase-4 Yubase-6
Distillation C
IBP 362 Viscosity @100C cSt 4.2 6.0
5 379
10 388 VI 126 133
20 401 Flash Point, C 220 234
30 413
50 432 Pour Point, C -15 –15
70 456
90 497 Noack Volatility, wt% 17.5 7.8
95 514
END POINT 529
NITROGEN, wtppm <1
SULFUR wtppm <1
Pour Point C 39.0
Metal, wtppm <1

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 III. 1st YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

A. PROJECT PURPOSE
? Lube Yield Increase
? Quality Upgrade (VI, Flash Point, Noack)

B. PROJECT SUMMARY
? Investment : 13.5mm$
? Pay-out : 1.5 Years
? Period : '96.12 ~ '97.7 (Construction : 17days, S/U: 10days)
? Dewaxing Technology : Conventional Dewaxing(CDW) Technology
? Iso-Dewaxing(IDW) Technology

Conventional Dewaxing Technology(CDW)

+ +
Iso-Dewaxing Technology(IDW)

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 III. 1st YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

C. EQUIPMENT MODIFICATIONS

? NEW H/E : Distillate Yield Increase

• Vac. Stripper O/H Condenser, Vac. Stripper O/H Steam Generator
? NEW Pump : Distillate Yield Increase
? NEW Procedure : Catalyst Reduction, TBA Titration
? INSTRUMENT MODIFICATIONS : F/T, C/V
? Heater Relocation : Lube Quality Control
• HDT Rx. Ch'g Heater ? Vac. Stripper Feed Heater
? Line Remove : Old Procedure
• Catalyst Reactivation Line / DMDS Injection Line
? Product Tank Construction : Lube Yield Increase
? Change of Catalyst Loading Method
• Sock Loading ? Dense Loading ( 19.0 ? 20.1 Ton)

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 III. 1st YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

D. OPERATION CONDITIONS

Feed Stock 150D 100D 70D

Condition SOR MOR SOR MOR SOR MOR
Feed (m3/h) 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1
LHSV(Hr-1) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Inlet 337 319 334 311 328 308

Temp
Outlet 349 331 341 319 336 315
(℃)
WABT 343 325 337 315 332 313

Gas (Nm3/m3) 528 528 528 528 528 528

- Minimum H2 Partial Pressure at HDF Rx Outlet : 140kg/cm2

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 III. 1st YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

E. Project Result
1) Product Spec & Yield
150N Case
SPEC IDW CDW REMARK

Dewaxing - Isomerization Cracking -

Pour Point Max.-15°C -15°C -15°C -

VI Min. 125 132 121 + 11

Flash Point Min. 220°C 240°C 232°C + 8

Noack Vol Max. 10 6.2 7.5 - 1.3

Naph. - 10.5% 33.8% - 23.3

Dist’ - 4.5% 6.0% + 1.5
Yield
Lube - 85.5% 64.5% + 21.0

M/U H2 - 1,900Nm3/hr 4,500Nm3/hr - 2,600

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III. 1st YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

2) Yield Trend

70N 100N 150N

95.0%
90.0%
YIELD (%)

85.0% CDW
80.0%
75.0%
70.0% IDW
65.0%
60.0%
0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720 810 900 990
OPERATION DAYS

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III. 1st YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

3) VI/ Noack Volatility Trend (150N)

VI NOACK wt %
140 10
9
135 8
130 7

NOACK
6
VI

125 5
4
120 3
115 2
CDW IDW 1
110 0
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 720 780 840 900 9601020
OPERATION DAYS

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 III. 1st YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

F. VI/ VIS COMPARISION OF IDW/ CDW PROCESS

150N Case

141
132
VI IDW
125
CDW
75

7.6
VIS
7.0
CDW
6.5 6.5
IDW

VGO HCR BTM LBO

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 IV. 2nd YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

A. PROJECT PURPOSE

? Quality Upgrade (Aromatics Contents/ Sunlight Stability)

? Quality Upgrade (Noack Vol.)

B. PROJECT SUMMARY
? Investment : 1.6MM$
? Pay-out : 1.1 Years
? Period : '98.12 ~ '99.6
? Change of Catalyst : Ni4352 → ICR407

C. EQUIPMENT MODIFICATIONS
? Vacuum Stripper : Random Packing(Pall Ring) ? Structured Packing
? New Feed / HDW Reactor Effluent Exchangers
- Change of Configuration : 3S ? 1P ? 2S ? 2P
? New Lube Product Cooler
- A New Heat Exchanger
- Change of Configuration : 1S ? 1P ? 1S ? 2P

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 IV. 2nd YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

D. Operation Condition Setting(Pilot Test)

Optimum HDF Rx. WABT
1. UV Absorbance (Direct, H2O Reference)
HDF WABT(C) 180 205 230 255 280
UV Absorbance @226nm 3.455 3.273 3.194 2.914 2.812
254nm 0.529 0.294 0.184 0.113 0.126
275nm 1.214 0.631 0.385 0.228 0.236
325nm 0.031 0.020 0.014 0.017 0.032
260~350nm 1.214 0.631 0.385 0.228 0.236

2. Color Stability (after 3hrs @ 180 ’C Gravity Oven)

APHA Color 119 26 11 12 15
Saybolt Color +7 +23 +27 +27 +26

3. UV Light Stability (after 8 Days @ 70’C, 15W UV Lamp)

Color Change, Days 1 5(*) - - -
Floc, Days 5 - - - -

4. Simplified RCS
RCS (*) 6 4 3 1 2
(*) : Non-Yellowish

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 IV. 2nd YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

E. Operation Condition
150N Case

Tag Unit ICR 407 (New) Ni 4352 (Old)

?C
st
1 Bed ABT 257 266 - 9.0

2
nd
Bed ABT ?C 254 265 - 11.0

?C
rd
3 Bed ABT 253 264 - 11.0

Total WABT ?C 255 265 - 1.0

?C
st
1 Bed DT 1.5 1.0 + 5.0

2
nd
Bed DT ?C 2.1 1.5 + 6.0

?C
rd
3 Bed DT 1.5 1.0 + 5.0

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 IV. 2nd YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

F. Project Results
150N Case
SPEC Old New REMARK

Vac. Stripper - Random Structured (Packing)

Catalyst - Ni4352 ICR407 -

Sun Light - < 1Day >7 Days -

Stability
UV
Max. 0.5 2.35 0.26 - 2.09
(260~350nm)

Noack Vol Max. 10 6.2 5.6 - 0.6

Naph. - 10.5% 10.5% -

Yield Dist’ - 4.5% 3.5% - 1.0
Lube - 85.5% 86.5% + 1.0

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 IV. 2nd YUBASE UPGRADING PROJECT

G. Project Results(Simplified RCS)

New Old

HDF Rx. Temp

180C 205C 230C 255C 280C Old Old

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V. SUMMARY

FUEL HCR NAPHTHA, KEROSENE, DIESEL

UCO PROJECT VHVI BASE OILS UCO TECHNOLOGY

UCO TECHNOLOGY
1ST YUBASE UPGRADING VI, LUBE YIELD + ISOMERIZATION

UCO TECHNOLOGY
2ND YUBASE UPGRADING WHITE OILS, NOACK + ISOMERIZATION +?

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