History of Badminton

Origins of the Game

The sport of badminton has its origins in ancient civilizations in Europe and Asia. The ancient game
known as battledore (bat or paddle) and shuttlecock probably originated more than 2000 years ago.
In the 1600s Battledore and Shuttlecock was an upper class pastime in England and many European
countries. Battledore and Shuttlecock was simply two people hitting a shuttlecock backwards and
forwards with a simple bat as many times as they could without allowing it to hit the ground.

Contemporary Badminton

A contemporary form of badminton - a game called ‘Poon’, was played in India in the 1800s where a net
was introduced and players hit the shuttlecock across the net. British officers in the mid 1800’s took this
game back to England and it was introduced as a game for the guests of the Duke of Beaufort at his
stately home ‘Badminton’ in Gloucestershire, England where it became popular. In March 1898, the first
Open Tournament was held at Guildford the first 'All England' Championships were held the following
year. Denmark, the USA and Canada became ardent followers of the game during the 1930s.

IBF Established in 1934

Then in 1934, the International Badminton Federation was formed, with the initial members including
England, Wales, Ireland, Scotland, Denmark, Holland, Canada, New Zealand and France, with India
joining as an affiliate in 1936. The first major IBF tournament was the Thomas Cup (world men's team
championships) in 1948. Since then, the number of world events has increased with the addition of the
Uber Cup (women’s team), World Championships (individual events), Sudirman Cup (mixed team),
World Junior Championships and the World Grand Prix Finals.

Commonwealth Games Sport – 1966

Badminton was introduced as a Commonwealth Games program sport in Kingston Jamaica in 1966 and
has been part of every Commonwealth Games program since then. Initially all five disciplines were
included – singles (men, women), doubles (men, women) and mixed doubles with the Teams Event
included in the program in later Commonwealth Games.

Olympic Games Sport – 1992

Badminton is a relatively new Olympic Games sport. After being a demonstration sport in Munich in
1972, badminton became an Olympic sport in Barcelona in 1992 with the singles and doubles disciplines
introduced for the first time in the Olympic Games. In Atlanta in 1996, a mixed doubles event was
included and this is the only mixed doubles event in all of the Olympic sports. The following countries
have won medals in badminton at an Olympic Games since its introduction in 1992 - China, Denmark,
India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia and Russia. Susi Susanti from Indonesia won the women’s
singles in Barcelona, becoming Indonesia’s first medallist in the 40 years Indonesia had competed at the
Games. In the same Olympic Games, Alan Budi Kusama won Indonesia’s second gold medal in the men’s
badminton singles.
 Equipment of Badminton

Racket

The badminton racket is one of the most important tools a player has in the game. Badminton rackets
are much lighter than most other sports rackets because they are made from materials such as carbon
fiber or lighter metals such as aluminum. Parts of the racket include the head, throat, shaft and handle
with a maximum length of 27.77 inches and a width of 9 inches. It Strings that are stretched across the
opening of the racket in a checkerboard pattern, which acts as the hitting surface. Badminton rackets
can vary widely in cost depending on whether they are purchased as part of a basic backyard set or as
more expensive professional models.

Shuttlecock

The badminton shuttlecock, also referred to as a shuttle or birdie, acts similarly to a ball in other racket
sports. However, the design of the birdie creates more drag as it is propelled through the air due to its
feathered shape. The shuttlecock is made up of a cone shape with a hard cork at its tip. Shuttlecocks can
be made from a variety of materials -- more expensive models are actually made from feathers, and less
expensive models are made from plastic feathers. The shuttle has 16 feathers attached to the base and
the length of the feathers range between 2.44 and 2.75 inches.

Net

A mesh net divides the badminton court into two sides. A badminton net is placed lower than a
volleyball net at five feet and one inch high on the sides and five feet high in the center. The length may
vary depending on whether doubles or singles are playing, with singles reaching 17 feet and doubles
reaching 22 feet. The net is 30 inches wide with a 3-inch white tape doubled over the top.

Facilities

The badminton court should be 44 feet long by 22 feet wide if playing doubles, and 44 feet long by 17
feet wide for singles. If the facility is indoors, there needs to be enough height for the shuttlecock to be
able to float across the net without hitting the ceiling. This height will vary depending on the strength of
the players.
 Basic Skills in Badminton

Grip
You will want to learn how to hold your racket with the forehand to hit shuttles on that side of your
body and backhand to hit on the opposite side. You will use a forehand grip to hit above your head as
well. You can hit the shuttle using a backhand grip with your elbow up or down. It is good to practice
hitting with these grips to improve your skills.

Footwork
Your footwork can bring more success to your game if you learn the basics of moving on the court and
practice them. Your ready position should include standing in the center of the court if you are playing
singles and bending your knees with your body relaxed and waiting for play. Move your feet by shuffling
them or gliding from left to right and stepping or lunging forward. To move backward, go fast enough
that you get behind the shuttle to hit it hard enough.

Serving
Four types of badminton serves include: 1) the high serve to move your opponent to the back of his or
her side of the court; 2) the low serve to make your opponent have to get under the shuttle; 3) the flick
serve that is used occasionally to confuse your opponent who thinks you are going to hit a low serve; 4)
the drive serve where you hit the shuttle low, fast and to the rear of the receiver's court as a strategy
move that will result in a missed hit.

Scoring
Simple badminton rules include a scoring system where you play until you score 21 points. Three games
constitute a match. A point is scored each time there is a serve and the side that wins the rally scores
the point. You have to win by at least 2 points unless the game reaches 29 and there is still not a winner.
The first side to score 30 points wins. If you win a game you will serve first in the next game.

Singles
To begin a singles game of badminton you will serve from the right side of the court. After the initial
serve, the position depends on the server's score. If your score is even, you serve from the right and if it
is odd you serve from the left. In addition, if the server wins the rally he will continue to serve, and if the
receiver wins, the next serve goes to the receiver.

Doubles
In doubles play, serving goes back and forth between partners. The serving side is the same as in singles
play in terms of even score serves from right and odd score from left. The serving partner alternates
court sides if she continues to score during a rally and will serve until a rally is lost. When the serve
comes back to the team the partner will serve next.

Additional Rules
The Badminton World Federation rules state that there is a 60-second interval when the winning team
scores the 11th point. In addition, two-minute intervals are taken between games. If a match reaches
three games, there is a change of ends when the winning side scores 11 points.
 Badminton Terms
Attacking clear: An offensive stroke hit deep into the opponent's court.

Backcourt: Back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.

Backhand: The stroke used to return balls hit to the left of a right-handed player and to the right of a
left-handed player.

Base position: The location in the centre of the court to which a singles player tries to return after each
shot; also called "centre position".

Baseline: The back boundary line at each end of the court, parallel to the net.

Carry: An illegal stroke in which the shuttle is not hit, but caught and held on the racket before being
released; also called a "sling" or "throw".

Centre line: A line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service courts.

Clear: A shot hit deep into the opponent's court.

Doubles: A game where a team of two players play against another team of two.

Doubles sideline: The side boundary of a doubles court.

Drive: A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.

Drop shot: A shot hit softly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net in the opponent's court.

Fault: A violation of the playing rules.

Feint: Any deceptive movement that disconcerts an opponent before or during the serve; also called a
"balk".

Flick: A quick wrist-and-forearm rotation used to surprise an opponent by changing an apparently soft
shot into a faster passing shot.

Forecourt: The front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.

Forehand: The stroke used to return a ball hit to the right of a right-handed player and to the left of a
left-handed player.

Game: The part of a set completed when one player or side has scored enough points to win a single
contest.
Hairpin net shot: A shot made from below and very close to the net and causing the shuttle to rise, just
clear the net, then drop sharply down the other side so that the flight of the shuttlecock resembles the
shape of a hairpin.

Half-court shot: A shot hit low and to midcourt, used effectively in doubles play against the up-and-back
formation.

High clear: A defensive shot hit deep into the opponent's court.

Kill: Fast downward shot that cannot be returned.

Let: A minor violation of the rules allowing a rally to be replayed.

Long Service Line: In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2-1/2 feet inside the back
boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.

Match: A series of games to determine a winner.

Midcourt: The middle third of the court, halfway between the net and the back boundary line.

Net shot: A shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and drops sharply.

Passing shot: A shot which passes the opposing player or team.

Push shot: A gentle shot played by pushing the shuttlecock with a little wrist motion.

Rally: The exchange of shots that decides each point.

Serve: The stroke used to put the shuttlecock into play at the start of each rally; also called a "service".

Service court: The area into which a service must be delivered. Different for singles and doubles.

Set: To choose to extend a game beyond its normal ending score if the score is tied with one point to go.

Short service line: The front line of the service courts 1.98 meters from the net.

Singles: A game where one player plays against another player.

Singles sideline: The side boundary of a singles court.

Smash: A hard-hit overhead shot that forces the shuttle sharply downwards into the opponent's court.

Wood shot: A legal shot in which the shuttle hits the frame of the racket.
 Rules and Regulation of Badminton
Scoring System

A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points.

Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored.
The side winning a rally adds a point to its score.
At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point lead first, wins that game.
At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game.
The side winning a game serves first in the next game.

Interval and Change of Ends

When the leading score reaches 11 points, players have a 60 second interval.
A 2 minute interval between each game is allowed.
In the third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11 points.

Singles

At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is even, the server serves from the right
service court. When the server’s score is odd, the server serves from the left service court.

If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and then serves again from the alternate service
court.

If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new server. They serve from the
appropriate service court – left if their score is odd, and right if it is even.

Doubles

A side has only one ‘service’.

The service passes consecutively to the players as shown in the diagram.

At the beginning of the game and when the score is even, the server serves from the right service court.
When it is odd, the server serves from the left court.

If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves again from the
alternate service court.

If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side becomes the new
serving side.

The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their side is
serving.

If players commit an error in the service court, the error is corrected when the mistake is discovered.

In a doubles match between A & B against C & D. A & B won the toss and decided to serve. A to serve to
C. A shall be the initial server while C shall be the initial receiver.
 University of the Visayas
Colon St., Cebu City

P.E 3
Fundamentals in Games and Sports

Submitted by:
Elcamel, Ivann Jeremy P.

Submitted to:
Mark Anthony Fernandez