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Aptitude Shortcuts Method for Average Related Problems Type-I

Model Question:
1.) The Average Cost of 8 pens and 5 pencils is Rs. 25, and the average cost of 4 pens
and 7 pencils is Rs. 21. What is the total cost of 18 pens and 18 pencils?

Given:
Average Cost of 8 pens and 5 pencils= Rs. 25
Average Cost of 4 pens and 7 pencils= Rs. 21
Asked: the total cost of 18 pens and 18 pencils=?

Shortcut Method:
Initially we have to find the total cost of 8 pens and 5 pencils,
8 pens + 5 pencils = 25 × 13

Note: To find the total cost of the 8 pens and 5 pencils we are multiplying the average
cost and number of the pens and pencils.

So, 8 pens + 5 pencils= 325 -- equation (1)

Likewise we are calculating the total cost of 4 pens and 7 pencils,
4 pens + 7 pencils = 21 × 11
4 pens + 7 pencils = 231 equation (2)
Now we have to add Equation (1) and (2)
12 pens + 12 pencils = 325 + 231
12 pens + 12 pencils = 556

Here we got the total cost of 12 pen and 12 pencils, and in the problem they asked the
total cost of 18 pens and 18 pencils.

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For that we are using a simple matrix method;

12 ⋯ 556
⋮ ⋱ ⋮
18 ⋯ 𝑥
Explanation for the above matrix method:
 In the above matrix methods in four data one data should be unknown then only
we can apply this method.
 Here we take that, total cost of 12 pens and pencils is 556, and then what is the
total cost of 18 pens and pencils.
 Take ‘x’ as the total cost of 18 pens and 18 pencils
Cross multiply the above matrix equation then we will get as,
12x= 10008
10008
x=
12
x= 834
Answer= 834; the total cost of 18 pens and 18 pencils are Rs. 834

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