c
c 

The pronunciation of the Ã
is determined by the last  of the verb in present
tense. Although Ã

is always added to form the past tense, Ã
has Ô

different sounds:

1)   as in lived [d]
2) Ô as in talked [t]
3) as an added syllable  / as in invited [id].

  for using the correct sound of final Ã



 


¦f a present tense verb ends with the  of a  
consonant or a
 sound, the pronunciation in past tense is  
c amples- staye , file , manage

 

¦f the present tense verb ends with the  of a   
consonant
sound (f, k, s, , sh, ch, or p), the pronunciation in past tense is Ô


c amples finish , typ , stock

 

¦f the present tense verb ends with the sound of Ô
or   consonant
sound, the pronunciation in past tense is always  

c amples- guid , treat , list

(reminder: /id/ is an added syllable)

ccc, itǯs the ending  , not the Y 

that determines pronunciation.




Y

 

  

Y
 
 
Y

Y
Y 


 


 
 

  
Y Y
 Y 
Y 
 


/d/ /t/ /id/

filled looked accepted
studied thanked added
planned asked waited
arrived helped wanted
cleaned cooked folded
Listen and repeat the following sentences, practicing the sound of final Ã
:

 
^he mailed the letter.

John listened.
The plumber repaired it.

Ô
They finished early.

The boss talked.
^he stopped working.

 
He deposited it.
The team rested.
He waited for everyone.

Read the following dialogue aloud. ¦n the brackets beside each Ã
ending, write /d/,
/t/, or /id/. Think about the ending sound of the verb in the present tense, then
choose your answer according to the Ã
rules for pronunciation.

^Ô Ô
 Have you start [ ] your new job yet?

^Ô Ô
 Yes, but ¦ arriv
[ ] late on the first day!

^Ô Ô
 What happen ? [ ]

^Ô Ô
 ^omehow, ¦ miss [ ]the bus. My boss wasnǯt pleas . [ ]

^Ô Ô
 How has he react [ ]since then?

^Ô Ô
 After ¦ e plain [ ] that the bus wasnǯt on schedule, he

nodd [ ], then said he e pect [ ] that to be the reason.

^Ô Ô
 Was he anger [ ]?

^Ô Ô
 No, he laugh [ ] and said it had happen [ ] to him

before, too. ¦ smil [ ] and felt very reliev [ ].










  Ô


  Ô

c

 c

 c



Voiceless sound:













Voiced sound:














cnding in: 



















   

 c as ³I ´ (like
 


c as ³T´  


c as ³ ´ an extra syllable)
 c
 Ask, asked = ask(T)  c
 Allow, allowed =  c
 Need, needed =
allow( ) need(id)

asked agreed accepted

baked answered afforded
brushed appeared attended
cooked arrived arrested
cracked believed collected
crashed belonged contacted
danced burned counted
dressed called decided
dropped carried defended
escaped changed demanded
finished cleaned divided
fixed closed ended
guessed covered expanded
helped cried expected
hoped damaged exported
hiked described flooded
joked died graduated
jumped enjoyed hated
knocked entered hunted
kissed explained included
laughed explored invited
locked filled invented
looked followed landed
missed happened needed
mixed imagined painted
packed killed planted
passed listened printed
picked lived presented
pressed loved pretended
pushed measured protected
pronounced moved provided
relaxed opened rented
slipped planned repeated
smoked played reported
stopped pulled respected
shopped realized rested
talked remembered scolded
typed rained skated
walked saved started
washed shared shouted
watched shaved treated
worked showed visited
signed waited
slammed wanted
stayed wasted
snowed
studied
tried
traveled
turned
used
worried