Some of the topics treated in the present
BOOK REVIEWS
Downloaded from pubs.acs.org by 112.215.175.209 on 08/28/18. For personal use only.
J. Chem. Educ. 1961.38:A640.
Tranrpolt Phenomena
volume are of such scope t h a t it is difficult,
are limited here by the fipaee allotted to
this large topic, but t h e chapter serves as
8. Survey and introduction to snalyticsl
crystallographic methods.
The old technique of differential thermal
analysis has only recently been recognized
as a useful rtndytioal tool for characteriz-
ing high polymers, although it has been
used for some years in studying their
thermal behavior. The author of the lest
short chapter in the present volume sur-
veys the basic principles involved in the
measurements, the equipment needed, and
the procedures employed
A640 / Journal o f Chemical Fducotion
or impossible, to do justice to them within
the confines of a oollective volume. How-
ever, the techniques presented here are
increasingly important to the analytical
chemist and demand treatment in any
work aimed a t a coverage of the field of
organic analysis. At the least the d i e
eussions, with their ample bibliographies, change in engineering technique and prac-
can serve as a 'jomping-off' point for the tioe since t h e pioneering work of Walker,
novire in any of t,he fields.
FRANCES BERLINER established by these authors. The book,
Bryn Maw7 College "Transport Phenomena," offers a refresh-
Bryn ~lfawr,Pennsylvania ing and gratifying deviation from this
R. Byron Bird, Warren E . Stewart, and
E d m n A-. Lightfoot, all of the University
of Wisconsin, Madison. John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., Nen York, 1960. xxi +780
pp. Figs. and tables. 16.5 X 23.5
em. $13.75.
Although there has been considerable
Lewis, McAdams, and Gilliland was first
puhlished, textbooks dealing with the unit
operations have adhered to the format
format. This text is not a unit operations
book in the classical sense in t h a t the
authors have not endeavored to encompass
the scope of subject matter normally
presented in such works. Inatead the
material covered in this text is limited t,o
those processes which are basic to all unit
opcrations-the transport of momentum.
heat, and mass. Although this subject
matter has been considered by many
authors. "Transoart Phenomena" deriver
considerahle classroom experimentation
and the reader is stimulated by the elem
exposition of the fundamentals of the
procenses studied, by the example problems
which are carefully selected to illustrate
the orineioles. and bv the challensinine
are each considered in separate sections.
However, each of these subjects is treated
in an identical manner to stress t h e similar-
ity in the mechanisms of these transport
processes. The first chapter of each
. . .
section defines the hasir trsnsoort orooertv
(visoosity, thermal eonduetivity, or dif-
.,
fusivity) and describes methods of esti-
mating these parrtmeters when data are
not available. In the following chapter
the concept of a "shell balance" is intro-
duced. This halanee is simply a statement
of the appropriate conservation law and
i n applied to systems which are easily
visualized 80 that the reader can readily
match the theoretical result with his ex-
perience. The shell halanee also demon-
strates the construction of a mathematical
description of physical problems. This
latter facet is an exceedingly important
by-product since mathemeties is the
language of science and engineering.
After developing these fundamental
concepts, the equations of change are de-
rived. These equations represent trsns-
port in an arbitrary rontinuum. Ea-
smples are provided to illustrste the a p
plication of these relationships. In the
following two chapters of each section,
more complicated problen~s are con-
sidered (involving two or mare independ-
ent variables) and the concept of tur-
bulence is introduced. Them topics are
advanced for the beginner and would
not be treated in the same detail in an in-
troductory course.
Finally, the well established empirical
relationships normally used by practicing
(Continued on page A641)
 BOOK REVIEWS
engineers in solving transport problems
are coupled with overall (macroscopic)
balances t o resolve practical problems.
This treatment is effective because the
reader has heen alerted to the necessity
of these approximations and to the basis
of thc empirical relationships (usually in
the form of a dimensional analysis).
-9s previously noted, "Transport Phe-
nomena" is unique in its mode of presenta-
tion, in its depth of coverage, and in its
iundamental approach. Undoubtedly,
this text will be widely adopted for class-
room use and will serve as a standard in
the development of chemical enginewing
texts in other arean.
ROBERTS. SCHECHTER
University of Tezas
Austin

Spot Tests in Organic Analysis

Frilz Feigl, University of Brazil. Tram-

lsted by Ralph E. Oesper,retired, Univer-
sity of Cincinnati, Ohio. Elnevier
Publishing Company, 1960. Distrib-
uted in the U. S. by D. Van Nosbrand
Co., Inc., Princeton, New Jersey. xx
+675 pp. Figs. and tables. 16.5 X
23 em. $13.25.
Spot testa for organic compounds were
first presented only briefly in the earlier
edit,ions of Feigl's "Spot Tests"; and it was
not until the fourth edition appeared in
1954 t h a t this subject afisumed sufficient
importanre to be treated in 8. separate
volume, u-hich was given the title, "Spot
Tests in Organic Analysis." 80 great was
the interest in this compruratively new field
of analpsis that two years later, in 1956, a
n ~ wand enlarged fifth edition containing
much new material was published; and
now in 1960 a sixth edition has appeared.
Ae aresult oi extended studies prompted
hy the a,ide acceptance of the 1956 edi-
tion, Professor Feigl has introduced many
n e a proredurea hased on pyroly~isreae-
tlons. He has shown that many such
reartions lead to the formation of products
which can readily he detected with high
sensitivity, and which are st the same time
ehsraeteristic for certain starting mnte-
rials. Such reactions include hydrolytic
and ammonolytic cleavages, displacement,
condensations, and redox reactions which
occur when organic compounds are melted
or rintered wit,h suitable reactants. A
careful study oi these new or compara-
t,ively unknox-n resetions has resulred in

paring a new edition.

The arrangement of the material ip
essentially the same as in the previous
editions. The deficription of numerous
proredores and the chemical principles
upon which they are based, together with
extensive literature references, are prp-
amtrd. The first chapter deals with the
devrlopment, present state, and prospects
(Continued on page A642)

Volume 38, Number 9, September 1961 / A641